Effect of galnon on retrieval of morphine-induced CPP.

<p>A, Behavioral procedure for injection time points in retrieval process. Upward arrows indicate galnon or saline injection. B, Galnon did not affect retrieval process of morphine-induced CPP. * <i>p</i><0.05 vs saline-saline group in each test.</p

Effect of multiple post-retrieval galnon injections on expression of morphine-induced CPP.

<p>A, Behavioral procedure for mutiple post-retrieval galnon injections. Upward arrows indicate galnon or saline injection. B & C, Galnon facilitated CPP extinction, but did not impair the reinstatement of morphine priming, though 10 mg/kg galnon had stronger effect for the quickly recovering and maintaining of extinction-effect after priming. D, The time points of the disappearing CPP-effect in morphine-saline group. # <i>p</i><0.05 morphine-saline vs saline-saline, * <i>p</i><0.05 morphine-galnon5 or morphine-galnon10 vs saline-saline, $ <i>p</i><0.05 vs saline (sal) priming day test.</p

Effect of galnon on acquisition of morphine-induced CPP.

<p>A, 10/kg galnon injection impaired the locomotor activity. B, Galnon itself had no effects of CPP and CPA. C, Behavioral procedure for injection time points in acquisition process. Upward arrows indicate galnon or saline injection. D, The acquisition process of morphine-induced CPP did not be influenced by galnon. ^@<i>p</i><0.05 vs the other groups; * <i>p</i><0.05 vs saline-saline group in each test.</p

Effect of galnon on consolidation of morphine-induced CPP.

<p>A, Behavioral procedure for injection time points in consolidation process. Upward arrows indicates galnon or saline injection. B, Galnon enhanced the consolidation process of morphine-induced CPP. C, Behavioral procedure for time points of locomotor activity tests after post-training injection of 10 mg/kg galnon. Down arrows indicate galnon or saline injection. D, The locomotor activity in two training days did not be influenced by post-training injection of 10 mg/kg galnon. ^∧<i>p</i><0.05 vs morphine-saline group; * <i>p</i><0.05 vs saline-saline group in each test.</p

The comparison of FTIR mappings based on protein conformations between electrical mark and normal skin.

<p>The first and second rows represent FTIR mappings in the areas of elongation cells and corresponding normal epidermis respectively, in which the peak absorbance intensities associated α-helix, β-turn, β-sheet and antiparallel β-sheet are revealed by “jet” colors with red indicating the highest relative concentration, and blue, the lowest.</p

The results of PLS classification based on spectral dataset in the calibration.

<p>(A) PLS score plot shows that all groups representing different structures of the skin are well-separated along latent factor 1. (B) Prediction result in an additional dataset that are not included for PLS modelling shows that electrical epidermis, normal epidermis and dermis can be distinguishable from each other by using the PLS model. Red and black dot lines show classification threshold for separating the three categories respectively.</p

A comparison of absorbance and second derivative spectra between electrical mark and normal skin.

<p>(A) absorbance spectra within 1800–900 cm^-1 for both categories. Superimposition of them within the Amide I region in absorbance mode (B) and second derivative mode (C). The blue and red spectra represent electrical injury and normal epidermis respectively.</p

Macroscopic and microscopic images of electrical mark and normal skin.

<p>(A) macroscopic features of electrical mark in the hand. Microscopic features of electrical mark (B) and normal skin (C).</p

The identification of electrical mark by the FTIR-based PLS model in an independent tissue section.

<p>HE stained skin tissue sections are presented here where elongation cell in electrical mark and normal skin regions are included in A and B respectively. The spectra within the black box of the HE staining images were classified by the PLS model, and the prediction results in the electrical mark (C) and normal skin areas (D) were revealed by pseudo-colored images. Electrical epidermis, normal epidermis and normal dermis appear in yellow, light blue and brown respectively.</p

The result of prediction in the validation group by PLS model.

<p>The result of prediction in the validation group by PLS model.</p