Base-Mediated Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,3,5-Triazin-2-amines via Three-Component Reaction of Imidates, Guanidines, and Amides or Aldehydes

A simple and efficient method for the base-mediated synthesis of unsymmetrical 1,3,5-triazin-2-amines has been developed. The protocol uses readily available imidates, guanidines, and amides or aldehydes as the starting materials, cesium carbonate as the base, no catalyst or additive is required, and the three-component reaction provides diverse 1,3,5-triazin-2-amines in moderate to good yields with tolerance of wide functional groups

Interface Engineering of Hollow CoO/Co₄S₃@CoO/Co₄S₃ Heterojunction for Highly Stable and Efficient Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

The key to improve the performance of electrochemically water splitting and simplify the entire system is to develop a dual-functional catalyst, which can be applied to catalyze the process of HER and OER. Therefore, we synthesized a novel hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 heterojunction with a core–shell structure as an excellent dual-functional catalyst. This sample is composed of an outer hollow CoO/Co4S3 cubic thin shell and an inner hollow CoO/Co4S3 sphere, and it can provide abundant catalytic active sites while effectively promoting the flow of reactants, products, and electrolytes. Meanwhile, the O–Co–S bond in the heterojunction interface can promote both the CoO active site in OER and theCo4S3 active site in HER. Therefore, the overpotential of the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 is only 190 mV (OER) and 81 mV (HER), respectively, at the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Moreover, the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 showed the outstanding electrochemical stability in 60 h. In addition, in the two-electrode system assembled from the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3, only the potential of 1.48 V can achieve the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Impressively, the commercial solar panel is sufficient to drive the two-electrode electrolyzer consisting of hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3. This finding offers a promising nonprecious metal-based catalyst that can be applied to catalyze the electrochemical overall water splitting

Interface Engineering of Hollow CoO/Co₄S₃@CoO/Co₄S₃ Heterojunction for Highly Stable and Efficient Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

The key to improve the performance of electrochemically water splitting and simplify the entire system is to develop a dual-functional catalyst, which can be applied to catalyze the process of HER and OER. Therefore, we synthesized a novel hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 heterojunction with a core–shell structure as an excellent dual-functional catalyst. This sample is composed of an outer hollow CoO/Co4S3 cubic thin shell and an inner hollow CoO/Co4S3 sphere, and it can provide abundant catalytic active sites while effectively promoting the flow of reactants, products, and electrolytes. Meanwhile, the O–Co–S bond in the heterojunction interface can promote both the CoO active site in OER and theCo4S3 active site in HER. Therefore, the overpotential of the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 is only 190 mV (OER) and 81 mV (HER), respectively, at the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Moreover, the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 showed the outstanding electrochemical stability in 60 h. In addition, in the two-electrode system assembled from the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3, only the potential of 1.48 V can achieve the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Impressively, the commercial solar panel is sufficient to drive the two-electrode electrolyzer consisting of hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3. This finding offers a promising nonprecious metal-based catalyst that can be applied to catalyze the electrochemical overall water splitting

Interface Engineering of Hollow CoO/Co₄S₃@CoO/Co₄S₃ Heterojunction for Highly Stable and Efficient Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

The key to improve the performance of electrochemically water splitting and simplify the entire system is to develop a dual-functional catalyst, which can be applied to catalyze the process of HER and OER. Therefore, we synthesized a novel hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 heterojunction with a core–shell structure as an excellent dual-functional catalyst. This sample is composed of an outer hollow CoO/Co4S3 cubic thin shell and an inner hollow CoO/Co4S3 sphere, and it can provide abundant catalytic active sites while effectively promoting the flow of reactants, products, and electrolytes. Meanwhile, the O–Co–S bond in the heterojunction interface can promote both the CoO active site in OER and theCo4S3 active site in HER. Therefore, the overpotential of the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 is only 190 mV (OER) and 81 mV (HER), respectively, at the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Moreover, the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3 showed the outstanding electrochemical stability in 60 h. In addition, in the two-electrode system assembled from the hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3, only the potential of 1.48 V can achieve the current density of 10 mA cm–2. Impressively, the commercial solar panel is sufficient to drive the two-electrode electrolyzer consisting of hollow CoO/Co4S3@CoO/Co4S3. This finding offers a promising nonprecious metal-based catalyst that can be applied to catalyze the electrochemical overall water splitting

Chemical Bonding of g‑C₃N₄/UiO-66(Zr/Ce) from Zr and Ce Single Atoms for Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction of CO₂ under Visible Light

The most promising approach to mitigating the greenhouse effect and tackling the energy crisis is to convert carbon dioxide into valuable liquid fuels through artificial photosynthesis. Nevertheless, most photocatalysts have poor product selectivity, low catalytic performance, and poor cycling stability. Herein, we synthesized novel UiO-66(Zr/Ce) nanosheets bonding on g-C3N4 [g-C3N4/UiO-66(Zr/Ce)] by an in situ method using single atoms of Zr and Ce as metal sources, and the g-C3N4 and UiO-66(Zr/Ce) are linked via N–Zr/Ce–O bonds on the g-C3N4/UiO-66 interface. Chemical bonds and close contact between UiO-66(Zr/Ce) with a two-dimensional structure and g-C3N4 accelerate the transmission of electrons and significantly suppresses the quenching of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, the doping of Ce in g-C3N4/UiO-66(Zr/Ce) concentrates the photogenerated electrons around the Ce atoms, making the multielectron CO2 reduction reaction more favorable. Without adding any sacrificial agent, the g-C3N4/UiO-66(Zr/Ce) shows efficient reduction of CO2 to CH3OH (54.71 μmol h–1 g–1) and C2H5OH (38.10 μmol h–1 g–1). Moreover, the TOF value of the composite catalyst is 28 times that of bulk UiO-66(Zr/Ce). It exhibits excellent stability thanks to the strong coordination bonds of the composite catalyst. After 12 cycles, the photocatalytic performance does not decrease