Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on the length and distribution of root with different diameter grades in different soil layers in the early-spring (A) and autumn-winter (B) seasons.

<p>The numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 on the abscissa represent four root diameter scales, 0.0–0.5, 0.5–1.0, 1.0–1.5 and ≥1. 5 mm, respectively. Bars represent standard errors. The same letter in the same data column denotes no significant difference (P≤0.05) by LSD.</p

Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on the contents of vitamin C, soluble sugar and nitrate in cucumber fruit in the early-spring (ES) and autumn-winter (AW) seasons.

a<p>The same letter in the same data column denotes no significant difference (P≤0.05) by LSD.</p

Irrigation scheduling (A) and fertilization scheduling (B) under three different fertigation ways in a solar greenhouse cucumber cultivation system.

<p>All fertilizer varity were compound fertilizer. The two N:P₂O₅:K₂O formulations of basal fertilizer were respectively (18∶46∶0) and (15∶15∶15) during ES and AW seasons. The three N:P₂O₅:K₂O formulations of topdressing fertilizer were respectively (20∶20∶20), (19∶8∶27) and (18∶6∶34) for early fruit stage, middle fruit stage, late fruit stage during ES and AW seasons.</p

Amounts of fertilizers used in the treatments CK (conventional interval fertigation), OIF (optimal interval fertigation) and ODF (optimal daily fertigation) in the ES (early-spring) and AW (autumn-winter) seasons.

a<p>For the ES season, total N, total P and total K contents of the organic manure were 2.09% (N), 2.06% (P₂O₅) and 1.34% (K₂O), respectively. For the AW season, total N, total P and total K contents of the organic manure were 1.30% (N), 0.5% (P₂O₅) and 1.06% (K₂O), respectively.</p

Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on cucumber economic yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and partial factor productivity of applied nitrogen (PFP_N) in the early-spring (ES) and autumn-winter (AW) seasons.

a<p>The same letter in the same data column denotes no significant difference (P≤0.05) by LSD.</p

Daily average soil temperatures at 10(CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) and daily average air temperature at 150 cm height in cucumber greenhouse cropping system in 2011 at Fangshan, Beijing suburbs.

<p>These data were determined by RTH-1010 TPE rensin-shield sensor and RT-12 Thermo Recorder made in Japan. Time interval for data recording was set to 10 minutes.</p

Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on the root weight, length, surface area, average diameter and volume in the early-spring (ES) and autumn-winter (AW) seasons.

a<p>The same letter in the same data column denotes no significant difference (P≤0.05) by LSD.</p

Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on the amplitudes (the difference between maximum and minimum values) of soil water content, EC value and mineral N content in the early-spring (ES) and autumn-winter (AW) seasons.

a<p>Soil sampling layers</p>b<p>The same letter in the same data column denotes no significant difference (P≤0.05) by LSD.</p

Effects of conventional interval fertigation (CK), optimal interval fertigation (OIF) and optimal daily fertigation (ODF) on changes of soil water content (A and B), EC value (C and D) and mineral N content (E and F) in the early-spring (ES) and autumn-winter (AW) seasons.

<p>The numbers on the abscissa represent the days before (negative value), during (zero) and after (positive value) irrigation. Bars represent standard errors.</p

Subcellular localization of CsVDE in cucumber protoplast.

<p>(A) GFP (CsVDE-GFP fusion protein) fluorescence imaging, (B) chloroplast auto fluorescence imaging, (C) overlap image of GFP (green) and chlorophyll (red) fluorescence and (D) bright-field image. Bars = 10 µm.</p