633 research outputs found
レーザ粉末床溶融結合方式(LPBF)による多孔質Ti-6Al-4V合金の造形
Tohoku University博士(工学)要約のみthesi
Charmless decays B -> PP, PV, and effects of new strong and electroweak penguins in Topcolor-assisted Technicolor model
Based on the low energy effective Hamiltonian with generalized factorization,
we calculate the new physics contributions to the branching ratios and
CP-violating asymmetries of the two-body charmless hadronic decays from the new strong and electroweak penguin diagrams in the TC2 model. The
top-pion penguins dominate the new physics corrections, and both new gluonic
and electroweak penguins contribute effectively to most decay modes. For
tree-dominated decay modes the new physics
corrections are less than 10%. For decays , ,
, the new physics enhancements can be rather large (from to ) and are insensitive to the variations of , , and
within the reasonable ranges. For decays ,
, and , is
strongly dependent: varying from -90% to in the range
of . The new physics corrections to the CP-violating
asymmetries vary greatly for different B decay channels. For
five measured CP asymmetries of decays,
is only about 20% and will be masked by large
theoretical uncertainties. The new physics enhancements to interesting decays are significant in size (), insensitive to the
variations of input parameters and hence lead to a plausible interpretation for
the unexpectedly large decay rates. The TC2 model predictions
for branching ratios and CP-violating asymmteries of all fifty seven decay modes are consistent with the available data within one or two
standard deviations.Comment: Latex file, 56 pages with 11 ps and eps figures. to be published in
Eur.Phys.J.
The rare K-decays and -penguin contributions in the Topcolor-assisted technicolor models
We calculate the new contributions to the rare decays , and from new
-penguin and box diagrams induced by the unit-charged scalars
appeared in the
Topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models. We find that: (a) the unit-charged
top-pion and b-pion can provide large
contributions to the rare K-decays if they are relatively light; (b) the size
of mixing elements () is strongly constrained by the
data of meson mixing: for
and ; (c) the enhancements
to the branching ratios of rare K-decays from new scalars can be as large as
one order of magnitude; (d) there is a strong cancellation between the short-
and long-distance dispersive part of the decay , the
constraint on the new short-distance part from this decay mode is thus not
strong; (e) the typical TC2 model under study is generally consistent with the
available rare K-decay data.Comment: Latex file, 27 pages and 10 ps and eps figures, to be published in
Eur.Phys. J.
OR-036 Aerobic exercise activates CHI3L1/PAR2 to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and protect cardiac function in rats with MI
Objective Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the changes of protein expression of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and its receptor PAR2 (protease-activated receptor 2) after exercise, and the possible mechanism to promote the proliferation of cardiomyocytes and protect MI rats heart.Methods Methods: Using rhCHI3L1 (150 ng/ml), AMPK agonists (AICAR, 50 mM) separately or together administer stimulation for 24 hours.H9C2 cells were divided into control group (H9C2 group), CHI3L1 recombinant protein intervention group (H9C2+rhCHHI3L1), AMPK agonist intervention group (H9C2+AICAR), and CHI3L1 recombinant protein and AMPK agonist combined intervention group (H9C2+rhCHI3L1+AICAR).SD rats were subjected to left anterior descending(LAD) coronary artery ligation to prepare MI models and randomly divided into sham operation group (S), myocardial infarction group (MI), myocardial infarction aerobic exercise group (ME), and injection of PAR-2 blocker agent (FSLLRY-amide) was divided into 7-day PAR2 blocker injection group (7d+FS), MI 7-day saline injection group (7d+SA), MI 14 days PAR2 blocker injection group (14d+FS), MI 14-day saline injection group (14d+SA). One week after surgery, the ME group were subjected to oneweekadaptively exercise followed by four weeks aerobic exercise.At the end of the training, the rats were intraperitoneally anesthetized the next day. Hemodynamic measurements of LVEDP, ±dp/dt max, and LVSP were used to evaluate cardiac function.The protein levels of CHI3L1/PAR2, pPI3K/PI3K, pAKT/AKT, pERK/ERK and Cyclin D1 in H9C2 and rat hearts were determined by Western blotting. The proliferation of H9C2 was detected by CCK-8. The proliferation of H9C2 and cardiac tissue was observed by immunofluorescence. Masson staining was used to observe myocardial collagen volume percent (CFV%).Results Results: Compared with H9C2 control group, the expression of CHI3L1, pPI3K/PI3K, pAKT/AKT, pERK/ERK, and Cyclin D1 protein increased significantly after rhCHI3L1 and AICAR intervention for 24 h, respectively. CCK-8 test and immunofluorescence indicated that H9C2 had significant proliferation effect. In MI rat heart, compared with MI group, the expression of CHI3L1, pPI3K/PI3K, pAKT/AKT, pERK/ERK and Cyclin D1 protein in ME group increased significantly, the number of cell proliferation increased, and LVEDP significantly decreased, ±dp/dt max, LVSP significantly increased, and the CFV% decreased significantly.Conclusions Conclusion: Exercise may promote cardiomyocyte proliferation and improve cardiac function in MI rats by activating the CHI3L1/PAR2-PI3K-AKT-ERK signaling pathway
Vortex-lattice structures in rotating Bose-Fermi superfluid mixtures
The system of Bose-Fermi superfluid mixture offers a playground to explore
rich macroscopic quantum phenomena. In a recent experiment of Yao {\it et al.}
[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 117}, 145301 (2016)], K-Li superfluid
mixture is implemented. Coupled quantized vortices are generated via rotating
the superfluid mixture, and a few unconventional behaviors on the formations of
vortex numbers are observed, which can be traced to boson-fermion interactions.
Here we provide a theoretical insight into the unconventional behaviors
observed in the experiment. To this end, the orbital-free density functional
theory is hired, and its utility is validated by making comparison of numerical
results and full microscopic theory for vortex lattices in strongly interacting
Fermi superfluids alone. We also predict interesting phenomena which can be
readily explored experimentally, including the novel structures of vortex
lattices in Bose-Fermi superfluid mixtures in phase-separated regimes, and
attractive interactions between vortex lines belonging to distinct superfluids.Comment: 27 pages, 9 figures, Submission to SciPost Physic
PO-163 Aerobic exercise activates myocardial FGF21/FGFR1/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis in post-myocardial infarction rats
Objective To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in Myocardial Infarction (MI) rats.
Methods male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:the sham operation (S), sedentary MI group (MI) and MI with aerobic exercise group (ME). The MI model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. ME group were trained four weeks after the operation. LVSP, LVEDP and ±dp/dtmax were used to evaluate cardiac function. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were stimulated by 400 μmol/L H2O2 for 4h to simulate myocardial apoptosis mode. AMPK agonist AICAR and FGF21 receptor inhibitor PD166866 were used to interfere with H9C2. Myocardial collagen volume fraction was calculated by Masson staining and myocardium FGF21, FGFR1, Bax, Bcl-2 and PI3K-AKT pathway by western blotting or RT-Qpcr. Cardiomyocytes apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL.
Results Compared with S, the expression of FGF21, FGFR1, Bax, Bcl-2 and PI3K, AKT increased significantly in MI group, the apoptotic cardiomyocytes and collagen fibers increased significantly, but the cardiac function decreased. Compared to MI, myocardium FGF21, FGFR1 and PI3K, AKT were further increased in ME group, the Bax/Bcl-2 and the apoptotic cardiomyocytes decreased significantly. The percentage of collagen fibers decreased and the cardiac function was improved. Myocardium FGF21 was positively correlated with the inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the improvement of cardiac function. Furthermore, the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, TNF-α/IL-10 and the apoptotic cardiomyocytes was significantly increased by PD166866, but PI3K-AKT pathway decreased significantly by PD166866. However, AICAR single intervention or PD166866 simultaneous intervention also can reverse this adverse effects.
Conclusions Exercise can increase myocardial FGF21/FGFR1 with MI. The one of the mechanisms is to activate PI3K-AKT pathway to inhibit cardiaomyocyte apoptosis and inflammatory. It indicates that FGF21/FGFR1/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway plays an important role in inhibiting myocardial apoptosis and improving cardiac function
Analysis of bacterial and fungal community structure in replant strawberry rhizosphere soil with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
High quality DNA is the basis of analyzing bacterial and fungal community structure in replant strawberry rhizosphere soil with the method of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DNA of soil microorganisms was extracted from the rhizosphere soil of strawberries planted in different replanted years (0, two, six and seven), respectively, and crude DNA was purified after extraction. Three methods were established to evaluate the effects of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), polyvinylpolypyrolidone (PVPP), proteinase K and bacteriolytic enzymes on DNA extraction. DNA fragments above 23 kb in size were isolated well by method 1 (1% CTAB, proteinase K, no PVPP, no bacteriolytic enzyme) and method 3 (no CTAB, no proteinase K, 3% PVPP, bacteriolytic enzyme). Method 3 got the best yields 43.06 ìg/g, and A260/A280 and A260/A230 were 1.1623 and 0.8135, respectively, which could ensure the veracity of subsequent DGGE analysis. Method 2 (3% CTAB, no proteinase K, no PVPP, no bacteriolytic enzyme) could not extract enough DNA to do the next PCR-DGGE analysis. F341/R534 and FR1/FF390 primers were used to amplify the 16S rDNA V3 region of bacteria and 18S rDNA of fungi, and the expected fragments of 230 bp 16S rDNA V3 region and 390 bp 18S rDNA were amplified. The results of DGGE analysis showed that there were common and specific bacterial and fungal communities in different replant soils of strawberry. There were 84 and 54% similarity of bacterial and fungal communities between different replant soils. The numbers of both bacterial and fungal communities increased in the replant strawberry soil, they were positively correlated with the replant years. As the number of replant years increased from two to seven years, while the ratio of bacteria/fungi was decreased from 2.29 to 1.46 in the rhizosphere soils planted with strawberries.Key words: Rhizosphere soil, bacterial community, fungal community, replant strawberry, fruiting fields
Research Progress in Anaerobic Digestion of High Moisture
High moisture organic waste constitutes a large fraction of municipal solid waste and caused
a nuisance. Anaerobic digestion of this high degradable fraction has been developed during
the past 20 years. Parameters such as characteristic of substrates, temperature, organic
loading rate and hydraulic retention time were studied. The most important conversion of
intermediate of volatile fatty acid was observed as a indicator of digestion efficiency. One
stage and two stage system are based on the stage separated into acidogenic phase and
methnogenis phase. Two stage digestion of this kind of wastes were proved a better
efficiency than single stage digestion. Batch system and continuous system are conducted in
single stage and two-stage system. One stage system are split between wet system(Total solid
less than 15%) and dry system( total solid higher than 15%) according to the characteristics
of feedstock. Two-stage solid bed system are observed more and more popular in the
digestion of solid state VFW and food waste experimental studies, however the large majority
of industrial application use single stage systems. Two stage digestion of HMOW will be
applied to industrial scale due to its larger resistance to high loading rate, high and stable gas
production
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