The Function of Spa for Propelling North—East Asia Tourism: a Case Study on Liaoning Province of China

In the field of Propelling North—East Asia Tourism, spa can play a very important role because of its special function on human physical body and spirit of soul. Author selects spas of China Liaoning as case object in this paper, originally sorts out the available datum on spa situation combining some field investigation. Furthermore under the reference on Korea and Japan spa evolvement, mutual spa visiting、regulation & deregulation、undeveloped & over developed, and sanitary management such as Legionella Pneumophila contamination on spa were discussed as to the development of Liaoning for Propelling North—East Asia Tourism. Key words: Spa; North—East Asia Tourism, Regulation, Sanitary management Résumé: Dans le domaine de la « Promotion du Nord - tourisme de l’Asie est», l’établissement thermal peut jouer un rôle très important grâce à sa fonction spéciale sur la santé physique et spirituelle de l’homme. L’auteur choisit l’établissement thermal du Liaoning de Chine comme objet d’étude dans cet article, tire des données disponibles sur l’établissement thermal en combinant des domaines de recherches. De plus, avec la référence à l’évolution de l’établissement thermal de la Corée et du Japon, la visite mutuelle des établissements thermaux, la régulation&dérégulation, sous-développé&sur-développé, et le management sanitaire tel que la contamination de Legionella Pneumophila dans l’établissement thermal ont été discutés pour pousser le développement de la province du Liaoning dans la « Promotion du Nord - Tourisme de l’Asie est ». Mots-Clés: établissement thermal, Nord – Tourisme de l’Asie est, régulation, management sanitair

More intrinsic parameters should be used in assessing degeneration of articular cartilage with quantitative ultrasound

During the last decade, the quantitative ultrasound technique has been widely employed as a versatile modality to investigate a thin but crucial tissue layer – the articular cartilage. Previous studies provide information about the morphology and mechanical and acoustic properties of the tissue derived from ultrasound measurements and correlate them with cartilage degeneration. In a previous issue of Arthritis Research & Therapy, Kuroki and colleagues presented a study about the relationship between International Cartilage Repair Society grading and ultrasound echo magnitude, duration, and interval in human knee cartilage. We think indirect measurements of the intrinsic physical characteristics of cartilage, as reported in this study, should be interpreted more carefully as they can be affected by many experimental and physical factors. In this editorial, we offer our opinion that more intrinsic material parameters should be selected for the assessment of degeneration states of cartilage using quantitative ultrasound

2-Ethyl-5-nitro­aniline

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C8H10N2O2, is nearly planar [maximum deviation of 0.163 (3) Å for one of the O atoms of the NO2 group]. In the crystal structure, weak inter­molecular N—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into chains, forming R 2 2(10) ring motifs

A New Method for Fast Computation of Moments Based on 8-neighbor Chain CodeApplied to 2-D Objects Recognition

2D moment invariants have been successfully applied in pattern recognition tasks. The main difficulty of using moment invariants is the computational burden. To improve the algorithm of moments computation through an iterative method, an approach for fast computation of moments based on the 8-neighbor chain code is proposed in this paper. Then artificial neural networks are applied for 2D shape recognition with moment invariants. Compared with the method of polygonal approximation, this approach shows higher accuracy in shape representation and faster recognition speed in experiment