Accuracy of McMonnies Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Chinese Ophthalmic Outpatients

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To evaluate the accuracy of the McMonnies questionnaire (MQ) as a screening tool for dry eye (DE) among Chinese ophthalmic outpatients.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We recruited 27718 cases from 94 hospitals (research centers), randomly selected from 45 cities in 23 provinces from July to November in 2013. Only symptomatic outpatients were included and they were in a high risk of DE. Outpatients meeting the criteria filled out questionnaires and then underwent clinical examinations by qualified medical practitioners. We mainly evaluated sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) to evaluate the accuracy of the questionnaire in the diagnosis of dry eye.</p><p>Results</p><p>Of all the subjects included in the study, sensitivity, specificity, and DOR were 0.77, 0.86 and 20.6, respectively. AUC was 0.865 with a 95% CI (0.861, 0.869). The prevalence of DE among the outpatients claiming “constantly” as the frequency of symptom was over 90%. Scratchiness was a more accurate diagnostic indication than dryness, soreness, grittiness or burning. Different cut points of McMonnies Index (MI) scores can be utilized to optimize the screening results.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>MQ can be an effective screening tool for dry eye. We can take full advantage of MI score during the screening process.</p></div

Quality of life for cancer survivors with and without physical activity.

<p>Quality of life for cancer survivors with and without physical activity.</p

Quality of life for cancer survivors with different PA frequencies.

<p>Quality of life for cancer survivors with different PA frequencies.</p

Quality of Life and Its Association with Physical Activity among Different Types of Cancer Survivors

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>The main goal of this study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) and its association with physical activity (PA) among patients diagnosed with different types of cancer. Based on the results, we tentatively present suggestions for the cancer health care model.</p><p>Method</p><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2915 cancer survivors recruited from multi-community cancer rehabilitation centers, all of which were affiliated with the Shanghai Cancer Rehabilitation Club. We collected data including socio-demographic characteristics and information about PA. All the subjects included were asked to complete the European Organization for Research and Treatment Quality of Life Questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General Questionnaire (FACT-G). Multiple linear regression models were employed to control the potential confounding factors.</p><p>Results</p><p>Lung cancer survivors reported the worst dyspnea. Colorectal cancer survivors claimed the highest level of constipation and diarrhea. Liver cancer survivors indicated greatest loss of appetite and financial difficulties. Generally, survivors with PA tended to reported better QOL, although these associations among liver cancer survivors were not statistically significant. Moreover, survivors of all cancer types who performed PA did not report significant lower level of constipation or diarrhea. The relationship between PA frequency and QOL among cancer survivors remained unexplored.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Both QOL and its association with PA vary among survivors of different cancer types. The detailed results can assist clinicians and public health practitioners with improving health care management.</p></div

Distributions of DE and non-DE groups according to MI.

<p>X axes: McMonnies Index. Y axes: the number of subjects.</p

Adjusted quality of life for cancer survivors.

<p>Adjusted quality of life for cancer survivors.</p

Sensitivity, specificity and DOR at different MI score cut-offs.

<p>Sensitivity, specificity and DOR at different MI score cut-offs.</p

The receiver operating characteristic curve.

<p>The receiver operating characteristic curve.</p

Sensitivity, specificity and Youden’s Index for different MI scores.

<p>Sensitivity, specificity and Youden’s Index for different MI scores.</p

Characteristics of 6188 women with breast cancer, by diabetes status.

<p>Characteristics of 6188 women with breast cancer, by diabetes status.</p