The hardness-duration correlation in the two classes of gamma-ray bursts

The well-known hardness-duration correlation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is investigated with the data of the 4B catalog. We find that, while the hardness ratio and the duration are obviously correlated for the entire set of the 4B catalog, they are not at all correlated for the two subsets divided at the duration of 2 seconds. However, for other subsets with comparable sizes, the two quantities are significantly correlated. The following conclusions are then reached: (1) the existence of two classes of GRBs is confirmed; (2) the hardness ratio and the duration are not at all correlated for any of the two classes; (3) different classes of GRBs have different distributions of the hardness ratio and the duration and it is this difference that causes the correlation between the two quantities for the entire set of the bursts.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in PAS

A Redox-Sensitive Luciferase Assay for Determining the Localization and Topology of Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteins

Correct localization and transmembrane topology are crucial for the proteins residing and functioning in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We have developed a rapid and convenient assay, based on the redox-sensitive luciferase from Gaussia princeps (Gluc) and green fluorescence protein (GFP), to determine the localization or topology of ER proteins. Using the tandem Gluc-GFP reporter fused to different positions of a target protein, we successfully characterized the topologies of two ER transmembrane proteins Herp and HRD1 that are involved in the ER quality control system. This assay method may also be applicable to the proteins in secretory pathway, plasma membrane, and other compartments of cells

Deficiency of Mkrn2 causes abnormal spermiogenesis and spermiation, and impairs male fertility.

Although recent studies have shed insights on some of the potential causes of male infertility, new underlining molecular mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Makorin-2 (Mkrn2) is an evolutionarily conserved gene whose biological functions are not fully known. We developed an Mrkn2 knockout mouse model to study the role of this gene, and found that deletion of Mkrn2 in mice led to male infertility. Mkrn2 knockout mice produced abnormal sperms characterized by low number, poor motility, and aberrant morphology. Disruption of Mkrn2 also caused failure of sperm release (spermiation failure) and misarrangement of ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in testes, thus impairing spermiogenesis and spermiation. To understand the molecular mechanism, we found that expression of Odf2, a vital protein in spermatogenesis, was significantly decreased. In addition, we found that expression levels of Odf2 were decreased in Mkrn2 knockout mice. We also found that MKRN2 was prominently expressed in the sperm of normal men, but was significantly reduced in infertile men. This result indicates that our finding is clinically relevant. The results of our study provided insights into a new mechanism of male infertility caused by the MKRN2 downregulation

Medical personnel to the implementation of patient care integration management pattern recognition

目的  调查医护人员对实施医护一体化共同管理病人模式的认可程度，寻找实施过程中存在的问题，以更好的提高病人的管理质量，得到患者的认可。方法  对本院各抽取2个科所有医、护、技术人员共63名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果  100%的医护人员知晓科室目前开展了医护一体化工作模式，医护一体化小组的成员组成，熟悉医护一体化工作模式的流程，人员的岗位职责及认为实施医护一体化工作模式后医、护、技工作配合更加默契。98.7%医护人员认为实施医护一体化工作模式后病人的医疗护理质量得到明显提高。98%的医护人员认为实施医护一体化管理病人模式后自我效能感得到明显提高。97.8%自我管理病人的能力得到提高且认同实施医护一体化工作模式。结论  医护一体化管理病人模式的实施提高了医护人员的工作积极性，拓展了知识，提高了临床思维能力，得到了广大医护人员的认可。同时还应加大宣传、培训的力度，使更多的医护人员了解医护一体化的益处。Objective: To Investigate the implementation of management mode among the medical personnel, to find the existing problems in the implementation process, to manage better quality accepted by patients. Methods: Set a total of 63 questionnaires for all the medical technical personnel. Results: 100% staffs know that now integration mode is carried out in the department, member of medical integration group, familiar with the medical work pattern of the integration process, the post responsibility, and the implementation of medical integration of medical integration made. Doctors and nurses technicians work with more understanding. 98.7% staff believes that the quality of medical care of the patient was obviously improved after the implementation of medical integration work mode. 98% the medical staff believes that self-efficacy has been improved obviously. 97.8% the medical staff think that self-management ability of patients is improved and the implementation of the medical integration mode identification. Conclusion: The implementation model of integrated management of patient care improves the medical staffs’ activeness, expanding knowledge, improving the clinical thinking ability, the majority of doctors and nurses recognition. At the same time publicity and training should be enhanced so that more medical personnel understand the medical integration efforts