Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase activity correlates with fluorouracil sensitivity in breast cancer

The fluoropyrimidine drug fluorouracil (FU) is one of the most frequently prescribed chemotherapeutic drugs for the curative and palliative treatment of various cancer patients. The identification of biological factors associated with tumors either responsiveness or resistance to FU chemotherapy, including FU, is increasingly being recognized as an important field of clinical cancer research. Aim: to analyze the relationship between intra-tumoral dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) level and FU chemosensitivity, as DPD is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of FU. Materials and Methods: The histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) was performed for 54 patients. DPD expression was examined in 81 tumor samples from breast cancer patients received two cycles of FU-based primary chemotherapy before operation. Results: We found that intra-tumoral DPD enzyme activity was inversely correlated with FU cytotoxicity. We also revealed that low DPD expression was correlated with clinical response to FU-based primary chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our study indicated that DPD is a promising molecular maker for identifying tumor cells sensitivity in breast cancer patients receiving FU-based chemotherapy.Препарат ряда флуоропиримидина, флуороурацил (FU), является одним из наиболее часто используемых химиотерапевтических препаратов паллиативной терапии больных онкологического профиля. Определение биологических факторов, связанных с чувствительностью либо с устойчивостью опухолей к химиотерапевтическим препаратам, в том числе и к FU, является одним из наиболее важных направлений клинических исследований в онкологии. Цель: проанализировать взаимосвязь между внутриопухолевым уровнем дигидропиримидин дегидрогеназы (DPD) и чувствительностью клеток к FU, поскольку DPD является начальным и лимитирующим энзимом в катаболизме FU. Материалы и методы: определяли чувствительность к препаратам в гистокультуре (histoculture drug response assay, HDRA) у 54 пациентов. Экспрессия гена DPD изучена в 81 образце опухолевой ткани больных раком молочной железы, которым провели два цикла неоадъювантной химиотерапии с применением FU. Результаты: показано, что внутриопухолевая активность DPD обратно коррелирует с цитотоксичностью FU. Также выявлено, что сниженная экспрессия гена DPD коррелиирует с высоким клиническим ответом на первичную химиотерапию, основанную на FU. Выводы: результаты исследования дают основание считать DPD потенциальным молекулярным маркером чувствительности клеток злокачественных опухолей молочной железы к FU

How to Define the Propagation Environment Semantics and Its Application in Scatterer-Based Beam Prediction

In view of the propagation environment directly determining the channel fading, the application tasks can also be solved with the aid of the environment information. Inspired by task-oriented semantic communication and machine learning (ML) powered environment-channel mapping methods, this work aims to provide a new view of the environment from the semantic level, which defines the propagation environment semantics (PES) as a limited set of propagation environment semantic symbols (PESS) for diverse application tasks. The PESS is extracted oriented to the tasks with channel properties as a foundation. For method validation, the PES-aided beam prediction (PESaBP) is presented in non-line-of-sight (NLOS). The PESS of environment features and graphs are given for the semantic actions of channel quality evaluation and target scatterer detection of maximum power, which can obtain 0.92 and 0.9 precision, respectively, and save over 87% of time cost.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

10-Ethyl-3-(5-methyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-10H-phenothia­zine

In the title compound, C17H15N3OS, the phenothia­zine ring system is slightly bent, with a dihedral angle of 13.68 (7)° between the benzene rings. The dihedral angle between the oxadiazole ring and the adjacent benzene ring is 7.72 (7)°. In the crystal, a π–π inter­action with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.752 (2) Å is observed between the benzene rings of neighbouring mol­ecules