160 research outputs found
Regularization dependence of pion generalised parton distributions
Pion generalised parton distributions are calculated within the framework of
the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model using different regularization schemes, including
the proper time regularization scheme, the three dimensional momentum cutoff
scheme, the four dimensional momentum cutoff scheme, and the Pauli-Villars
regularization scheme. Furthermore, we check the theoretical constraints of
pion generalised parton distributions required by the symmetries of quantum
chromodynamics in different regularization schemes. The diagrams of pion parton
distribution functions are plotted, in addition, we evaluate the Mellin moments
of generalised parton distributions, which related to the electromagnetic and
gravitational form factors of pion. Pion generalised parton distributions are
continuous but not differential at , when considering the effect
of D-term, generalised parton distributions become not continuous at in all the four regularization schemes. Generalised parton distributions
in impact parameter space are considered, the width distribution of quark
in the pion and the mean-squared
are calculated. The light-front transverse-spin distributions are studied, when
quark polarized in the light-front-transverse direction, the
transverse-spin density is no longer symmetric around , the
peaks shift to , we compare the average transverse shift
and in
different regularization schemes. The light-cone energy radius and
the light-cone charge radius are also evaluated, we find that in the
proper time regularization scheme the values of these quantities are the
largest, in the three dimensional momentum cutoff scheme they are the smallest.Comment: 34 pages, 39 figure
1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitrobenzene
The title compound, C9H9Cl2NO2, is a natural product isolated from the endophytic fungus No. B77 of the mangrove tree from the South China Sea coast. In the crystal structure, the molecules lie on twofold axes and form offset stacks through face-to-face π–π interactions. Adjacent molecules in each stack are related by a centre of inversion and have an interplanar separation of 3.53 (1) Å, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.76 (1) Å. Between stacks, there are C—H⋯O interactions to the nitro groups and Cl⋯Cl contacts of 3.462 (1) Å
6,8-Dihydroxy-3-methylisocoumarin
The title compound, C10H8O4, was isolated from the fermentation culture of the endophytic fungus Cephalosporium sp. In the crystal structure, molecules are connected into a one-dimensional chain along [101] by intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the hydroxyl and carbonyl functionalities. The chains are linked by non-classical C—H⋯O interactions, forming extended two-dimensional layers approximately parallel to (11)
Methyl 3-hydroxy-4-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)benzoate
The title compound, C13H16O4, was isolated from culture extracts of the endophytic fungus Cephalosporium sp. The ester and ether substituents are twisted only slightly out of the benzene ring plane, making dihedral angles of 2.16 (2) and 3.63 (5)°, respectively. The non-H atoms of all three substituents are almost coplanar with the benzene ring, with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0284 Å from the mean plane through all non-H atoms in the structure. A weak intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond contributes to this conformation. In the crystal structure, molecules are linked into a one-dimensional chain by intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak non-classical C—H⋯π contacts are also observed in the structure
Downregulation of Fat Mass and Obesity Associated (FTO) Promotes the Progression of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) ranks as the second most malignant type of primary liver cancer with a high degree of incidence and a very poor prognosis. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) functions as an eraser of the RNA m6A modification, but its roles in ICC tumorigenesis and development remain unknown. We showed here that the protein level of FTO was downregulated in clinical ICC samples and cell lines and that FTO expression was inversely correlated with the expression of CA19-9 and micro-vessel density (MVD). A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that a low expression of FTO predicted poor prognosis in ICC. in vitro, decreased endogenous expression of FTO obviously reduced apoptosis of ICC cells. Moreover, FTO suppressed the anchorage-independent growth and mobility of ICC cells. Through mining the database, FTO was found to regulate the integrin signaling pathway, inflammation signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway, angiogenesis, and the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. RNA decay assay showed that oncogene TEAD2 mRNA stability was impaired by FTO. In addition, the overexpression of FTO suppressed tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the critical roles of FTO in ICC
Ratel: MPC-extensions for Smart Contracts
Enhancing privacy on smart contract-enabled blockchains has garnered much attention in recent research. Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) is one of the most popular approaches, however, they fail to provide full expressiveness and fine-grained privacy. To illustrate this, we underscore an underexplored type of Miner Extractable Value (MEV), called Residual Bids Extractable Value (RBEV). Residual bids highlight the vulnerability where unfulfilled bids inadvertently reveal traders’ unmet demands and prospective trading strategies, thus exposing them to exploitation. ZKP-based approaches failed to ad- dress RBEV as they cannot provide post-execution privacy without some level of information disclosure. Other MEV mitigations like fair-ordering protocols also failed to address RBEV. We introduce Ratel, an innovative framework bridging a multi-party computation (MPC) prototyping framework (MP-SPDZ) and a smart contract language (Solidity), harmonizing the privacy with full expressiveness of MPC with Solidity ’s on-chain programmability. This synergy empowers developers to effortlessly craft privacy-preserving decentralized applications (DApps). We demonstrate Ratel’s efficacy through two distinguished decentralized finance (DeFi) applications: a decentralized exchange and a collateral auction, effectively mitigating the potential RBEV issue. Furthermore, Ratel is equipped with a lightweight crash-reset mechanism, enabling the seamless recovery of transiently benign faulty nodes. To prevent the crash-reset mechanism abused by malicious entities and ward off DoS attacks, we incorporate a cost-utility analysis anchored in the Bayesian approach. Our performance evaluation of the applications developed under the Ratel framework underscores their competency in managing real-world peak-time workloads
TMRT observations of 26 pulsars at 8.6 GHz
Integrated pulse profiles at 8.6~GHz obtained with the Shanghai Tian Ma Radio
Telescope (TMRT) are presented for a sample of 26 pulsars. Mean flux densities
and pulse width parameters of these pulsars are estimated. For eleven pulsars
these are the first high-frequency observations and for a further four, our
observations have a better signal-to-noise ratio than previous observations.
For one (PSR J0742-2822) the 8.6~GHz profiles differs from previously observed
profiles. A comparison of 19 profiles with those at other frequencies shows
that in nine cases the separation between the outmost leading and trailing
components decreases with frequency, roughly in agreement with
radius-to-frequency mapping, whereas in the other ten the separation is nearly
constant. Different spectral indices of profile components lead to the
variation of integrated pulse profile shapes with frequency. In seven pulsars
with multi-component profiles, the spectral indices of the central components
are steeper than those of the outer components. For the 12 pulsars with
multi-component profiles in the high-frequency sample, we estimate the core
width using gaussian fitting and discuss the width-period relationship.Comment: 33 pages, 49 figures, 5 Tables; accepted by Ap
Rabdosia japonica
Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara, belonging to the Labiatae family, is widely used as an anti-inflammatory and antitumor drug for the treatment of different inflammations and cancers. Aim of the Study. To investigate therapeutic effects and possible mechanism of the flavonoids fraction of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara (RJFs) in acute lung injury (ALI) mice induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods. Mice were orally administrated with RJFs (6.4, 12.8, and 25.6 mg/kg) per day for 7 days, consecutively, before LPS challenge. Lung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were isolated for histopathological examinations and biochemical analysis. The level of complement 3 (C3) in serum was quantified by a sandwich ELISA kit. Results. RJFs significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI via reducing productions of the level of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and significantly reduced complement deposition with decreasing the level of C3 in serum, which was exhibited together with the lowered myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) and protein concentration in BALF. Conclusions. RJFs significantly attenuate LPS-induced ALI via reducing productions of proinflammatory mediators, decreasing the level of complement, and reducing radicals
Network of Interactions Between Gut Microbiome, Host Biomarkers, and Urine Metabolome in Carotid Atherosclerosis
Comprehensive analyses of multi-omics data may provide insights into interactions between different biological layers concerning distinct clinical features. We integrated data on the gut microbiota, blood parameters and urine metabolites of treatment-naive individuals presenting a wide range of metabolic disease phenotypes to delineate clinically meaningful associations. Trans-omics correlation networks revealed that candidate gut microbial biomarkers and urine metabolite feature were covaried with distinct clinical phenotypes. Integration of the gut microbiome, the urine metabolome and the phenome revealed that variations in one of these three systems correlated with changes in the other two. In a specific note about clinical parameters of liver function, we identified Eubacteriumeligens, Faecalibacteriumprausnitzii and Ruminococcuslactaris to be associated with a healthy liver function, whereas Clostridium bolteae, Tyzzerellanexills, Ruminococcusgnavus, Blautiahansenii, and Atopobiumparvulum were associated with blood biomarkers for liver diseases. Variations in these microbiota features paralleled changes in specific urine metabolites. Network modeling yielded two core clusters including one large gut microbe-urine metabolite close-knit cluster and one triangular cluster composed of a gut microbe-blood-urine network, demonstrating close inter-system crosstalk especially between the gut microbiome and the urine metabolome. Distinct clinical phenotypes are manifested in both the gut microbiome and the urine metabolome, and inter-domain connectivity takes the form of high-dimensional networks. Such networks may further our understanding of complex biological systems, and may provide a basis for identifying biomarkers for diseases. Deciphering the complexity of human physiology and disease requires a holistic and trans-omics approach integrating multi-layer data sets, including the gut microbiome and profiles of biological fluids. By studying the gut microbiome on carotid atherosclerosis, we identified microbial features associated with clinical parameters, and we observed that groups of urine metabolites correlated with groups of clinical parameters. Combining the three data sets, we revealed correlations of entities across the three systems, suggesting that physiological changes are reflected in each of the omics. Our findings provided insights into the interactive network between the gut microbiome, blood clinical parameters and the urine metabolome concerning physiological variations, and showed the promise of trans-omics study for biomarker discovery.publishedVersio
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