2,158 research outputs found
Hydrogen as a Source of Flux Noise in SQUIDs
Superconducting qubits are hampered by flux noise produced by surface spins
from a variety of microscopic sources. Recent experiments indicated that
hydrogen (H) atoms may be one of those sources. Using density functional theory
calculations, we report that H atoms either embedded in, or adsorbed on, an
a-Al2O3(0001) surface have sizeable spin moments ranging from 0.81 to 0.87 uB
with energy barriers for spin reorientation as low as ~10 mK. Furthermore, H
adatoms on the surface attract gas molecules such as O2, producing new spin
sources. We propose coating the surface with graphene to eliminate H-induced
surface spins and to protect the surface from other adsorbates.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Disentanglement in a quantum critical environment
We study the dynamical process of disentanglement of two qubits and two
qutrits coupled to an Ising spin chain in a transverse field, which exhibits a
quantum phase transition. We use the concurrence and negativity to quantify
entanglement of two qubits and two qutrits, respectively. Explicit connections
between the concurrence (negativity) and the decoherence factors are given for
two initial states, the pure maximally entangled state and the mixed Werner
state. We find that the concurrence and negativity decay exponentially with
fourth power of time in the vicinity of critical point of the environmental
system.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Tropical Fock-Goncharov coordinates for -webs on surfaces II: naturality
In a companion paper (arXiv 2011.01768) we constructed non-negative integer
coordinates for a distinguished collection of -webs on a finite-type punctured surface
, depending on an ideal triangulation of
. We prove that these coordinates are natural with respect to the
choice of triangulation, in the sense that if a different triangulation
is chosen then the coordinate change map relating
and is a prescribed tropical
cluster transformation. Moreover, when is an ideal square,
we provide a topological geometric description of the Hilbert basis (in the
sense of linear programming) of the non-negative integer cone
, and
we prove that this cone canonically decomposes into 42 sectors corresponding
topologically to 42 families of -webs in the square.Comment: 39 pages, 27 figure
Method of convex rigid frames and applications in studies of multipartite quNit pure-states
In this Letter we suggest a method of convex rigid frames in the studies of
the multipartite quNit pure-states. We illustrate what are the convex rigid
frames and what is the method of convex rigid frames. As the applications we
use this method to solve some basic problems and give some new results (three
theorems): The problem of the partial separability of the multipartite quNit
pure-states and its geometric explanation; The problem of the classification of
the multipartite quNit pure-states, and give a perfect explanation of the local
unitary transformations; Thirdly, we discuss the invariants of classes and give
a possible physical explanation.Comment: 6 pages, no figur
Broadcasting Quantum Fisher Information
It is well known that classical information can be cloned, but non-orthogonal
quantum states cannot be cloned, and non-commuting quantum states cannot be
broadcast. We conceive a scenario in which the object we want to broadcast is
the statistical distinguishability, as quantified by quantum Fisher
information, about a signal parameter encoded in quantum states. We show that
quantum Fisher information cannot be cloned, whilst it might be broadcast even
when the input states are non-commuting. This situation interpolates between
cloning of classical information and no-broadcasting of quantum information,
and indicates a hybrid way of information broadcasting which is of particular
significance from both practical and theoretical perspectives.Comment: 5 pages. Improved version. Any comments is welcom
In Silico Modeling of pH-optimum of Protein-Protein Binding
Protein-protein association is a pH-dependent process and thus the binding affinity depends on the local pH. In vivo the association occurs in a particular cellular compartment, where the individual monomers are supposed to meet and form a complex. Since the monomers and the complex exist in the same micro environment, it is plausible that they coevolved toward its properties, in particular, toward the characteristic subcellular pH. Here we show that the pH at which the monomers are most stable (pH-optimum) or the pH at which stability is almost pH-independent (pH-flat) of monomers are correlated with the pH-optimum of maximal affinity (pH-optimum of binding) or pH interval at which affinity is almost pH-independent (pH-flat of binding) of the complexes made of the corresponding monomers. The analysis of interfacial properties of protein complexes demonstrates that pH-dependent properties can be roughly estimated using the interface charge alone. In addition, we introduce a parameter beta, proportional to the square root of the absolute product of the net charges of monomers, and show that protein complexes characterized with small or very large beta tend to have neutral pH-optimum. Further more, protein complexes made of monomers carrying the same polarity net charge at neutral pH have either very low or very high pH-optimum of binding. These findings are used to propose empirical rule for predicting pH-optimum of binding provided that the amino acid compositions of the corresponding monomers are available
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