Longitudinal changes in periodontal measurements of bonded teeth.

<p>Longitudinal changes in periodontal measurements of bonded teeth.</p

The three-dimensional finite volume model of the lower central incisor with bracket and archwire.

<p>The peri-bracket sites were divided as extending 2 mm around the bracket base. Occlusal regions along the bracket (BO), gingival region along the bracket (BG), left region along the bracket (BL) and right region along the bracket (BR).</p

Salivary velocity distribution on lower central incisor.

<p>The salivary velocity distribution were displayed when (a) the saliva was flowing gingivally at T1; (b) the saliva flowing occlusally at T1; (c) the saliva flowing gingivally at T2; (d) the saliva flowing occlusally at T2. The red enclosed area illustrated the low velocity areas, and the arrow indicates the direction of saliva flow.</p

Amount of total bacteria colony-forming units (CFU) per site at T1 and T2.

<p>The first part displays the averages per site, the second part the differences between the sites with the corresponding <i>P</i>-values.</p

Salivary velocity contour on lower central incisor.

<p>The salivary velocity contour were displayed when (a) the saliva flowed gingivally at T1; (b) the saliva flowed occlusally at T1; (c) the saliva flowed gingivally at T2; (d) the saliva flowed occlusally at T2. The bottom figures demonstrated the routes of salivary flow in the gingival region along the bracket (BG). The red enclosed area illustrated the vortex areas, and the arrow indicated the direction of saliva flow.</p

Average salivary velocity of peri-bracket sites at T1 and T2.

<p>Occlusal regions along the bracket (BO), gingival region along the bracket (BG), left region along the bracket (BL) and right region along the bracket (BR).</p

Mean numbers of total colony-forming units (CFU), with a logarithmic scale, at T0, T1 and T2.

<p>Four peri-bracket sites includes: occlusal regions along the bracket (BO), gingival region along the bracket (BG), left region along the bracket (BL) and right region along the bracket (BR).</p

Hexafluorogermanate (GeFSIX) Anion-Functionalized Hybrid Ultramicroporous Materials for Efficiently Trapping Acetylene from Ethylene

A trace amount of acetylene (C₂H₂, 1%) removal from ethylene/acetylene mixture is crucial for the production of polymer-grade ethylene (C₂H₄), which is a highly challenging task and currently is mainly realized via highly energy-intensive technologies. Herein, we first report the highly efficient trapping of C₂H₂ from C₂H₂/C₂H₄ mixtures using two hexafluorogermanate (GeF₆^2–, GeFSIX) anion-functionalized hybrid ultramicroporous materials, GeFSIX-2-Cu-i and GeFSIX-14-Cu-i (also termed ZU-32 and ZU-33), as novel adsorbents. These GeFSIX materials exhibit high thermal stability and tunable pore structures and have a high density of electronegative GeF₆^2– anions decorated on the pore surface. ZU-32 with an aperture size of 4.5 Å exhibits preferential binding ability for C₂H₂ molecules and thus offers an excellent separation selectivity of 67 for the C₂H₂/C₂H₄ (1/99) mixture. ZU-33 with 4,4-azopyridine (azpy, 9.0 Å) as an organic linker exhibits a contracted pore window size with pyridine ring tilting of <i>ca.</i> 30°, which could efficiently block C₂H₄ molecules but still permit C₂H₂ molecules trapping into the pore channels. The strong hydrogen-bonding interactions between GeF₆^2– and C₂H₂ and cooperative van der Waals (vdW) interactions between organic linkers and C₂H₂ enable ZU-33 to exhibit a record high C₂H₂ volumetric uptake of 61.5 cm³ cm^–3 at 0.01 bar and 298 K with separation selectivity over 1100 for C₂H₂/C₂H₄ (1/99) mixture. The actual separation performances of GeFSIX materials are evaluated by conducting experimental breakthrough tests. A total of 99.9999% C₂H₄ can be obtained from a C₂H₂/C₂H₄ (1/99) mixture by one-step column adsorption using GeFSIX materials as adsorbents with a C₂H₄ productivity up to 1662.1 mL g^–1. The binding sites of GeFSIX materials for C₂H₂ molecules were investigated by first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work not only indicates that GeFSIX materials are lead candidates for the separation of C₂H₂/C₂H₄ mixture but also are attractive adsorbents for the separation of other gas mixtures containing acidic or polar gaseous components

Effects of BM-MSC-derived conditioned medium samples on paracrine cell proliferation and migration.

<p>Equal numbers of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and HUVECs were incubated with vehicle control medium, norCM or hypoCM. Cell proliferation was evaluated at indicated time points (A, C and E). Data are given as the means±the SEM; *<i>p</i>< 0.05 compared with the vehicle control or the norCM group. #<i>p</i>< 0.05 the vehicle control compared with the norCM group. Equal numbers of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, HUVECs and CD14+ monocytes were added to the upper chambers of 24-well transwell plates, with the indicated medium added to the lower chambers (n = 4 wells per treatment). Cells that migrated to the bottom of the filter were stained and evaluated (B, D, F and G). Data are given as the means± the SEM;*<i>p</i>< 0.05 compared with the vehicle control or the norCM group. #<i>p</i>< 0.05 the vehicle control compared with the norCM group.</p

IHC evaluation of wounded mouse skin.

<p>Wound sections were evaluated on day 11 by staining with anti-Ki67 and anti-F4/80 antibodies. The numbers of Ki67+ proliferating cells (A, C) and recruited F4/80+ macrophages (B, D) in each of 4 randomly chosen high-power fields in the dermis were counted. Scale bar, 100 µm (400×). Data are expressed as the mean±the SEM;^*<i>p</i><0.05 compared with the vehicle control or the norCM group.</p