A new <i>α</i>-pyrone from the mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Phomopsis</i> sp. HNY29-2B

<p>A new <i>α</i>-pyrone derivative, phomopyrone A (<b>1</b>), together with two known compounds (<b>2</b>–<b>3</b>), was isolated from the culture of the mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Phomopsis</i> sp. HNY29-2B. Their structures were determined by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data. The configuration of <b>1</b> was further confirmed by X-ray diffraction. All isolated compounds were evaluated for antibacterial and antioxidative activities. Compound <b>2</b> exhibited antibacterial activities with minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 25 and 50 μM against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and compound <b>3</b> showed activities against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> with MIC values of 25 and 50 μM, respectively.</p

Cytotoxic pyrone derivatives from the deep-sea-derived fungus <i>Cladosporium halotolerans</i> FS702

Two new compounds (R)-6-((8S)-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (1) and (R)-6-((8R)-hydroxypropyl)-2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one (2), together with four known compounds were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Cladosporium halotolerans FS702. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D/2D NMR, IR, UV, HRESIMS, ECD calculations as well as the modified Mosher’s method. Cytotoxic assay results showed that compound 2 had significant cytotoxic activity against SF-268, MCF-7, HepG-2, and A549 cells lines with IC50 values of 0.16, 0.47, 0.33 and 0.23 µM, respectively.</p

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Peniisocoumarins A–J: Isocoumarins from <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant <i>Kandelia candel</i>

Ten new isocoumarins, named peniisocoumarins A–J (<b>1</b>–<b>9</b> and <b>11</b>), along with three known analogues (<b>10</b>, <b>12</b>, and <b>13</b>) were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, <i>Penicillium commune</i> QQF-3, which was isolated from a fresh fruit of the mangrove plant <i>Kandelia candel.</i> Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of <b>1</b>–<b>7</b> were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and modified Mosher’s method, and those of <b>8</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were unusual dimeric isocoumarins with a symmetric four-membered core. These isolated compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>13</b>) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> protein tyrosine phosphatase B (MptpB). Among them, compounds <b>3</b>, <b>7</b>, <b>9</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited potent inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase with IC₅₀ values ranging from 38.1 to 78.1 μM, and compound <b>7</b> was found to inhibit MptpB with an IC₅₀ value of 20.7 μM

Aspterpenacids A and B, Two Sesterterpenoids from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus H010

Two new sesterterpenoids, aspterpenacids A (<b>1</b>) and B (<b>2</b>), with an unusual carbon skeleton of a 5/3/7/6/5 ring system were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus H010. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. A biogenetic pathway for <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> is proposed. Both <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed no significant antibacterial activity or cytotoxicity at 50 μM

Aspterpenacids A and B, Two Sesterterpenoids from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus H010

Two new sesterterpenoids, aspterpenacids A (<b>1</b>) and B (<b>2</b>), with an unusual carbon skeleton of a 5/3/7/6/5 ring system were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus H010. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. A biogenetic pathway for <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> is proposed. Both <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed no significant antibacterial activity or cytotoxicity at 50 μM