Fatty acid composition of TAGs and <i>sn</i>-2 MAG from <i>UcFATB1</i> transgenic camelina T₃ homozygous line 12 and California bay.

<p>Values are the means ± SD of three biological replicates with 50 seeds per rep. (nd: not detectable).</p

Fatty acid compositions (mol%) of seed lipids in UcFATB1-transgenic camelina and in the wild type.

<p>T2 mCherry positive seeds from 7 independent transgenic lines and wild type were analyzed by gas chromatography. Values are the means±SD from five biological replicates. nd: not detectable.</p

Fatty acid compositions of T₃ mCherry positive seeds from <i>CsKASII RNAi1</i> and <i>CsKASII RNAi2</i> transgenic lines.

<p>Each value is the mean ± SD of five biological replicates, six seeds per rep.</p

Medium-chain, saturated FA compositions in seed oil of two camelina lines co-transformed with <i>UcFATB1</i> and <i>CsKASII</i> RNAi-2.

<p>Thirty T₂ seeds of Line 15, and 26 seeds of Line 18, and four wild type seeds were analyzed by gas chromatography.</p

Transgene <i>UcFATB1</i> expression was detected in T₃ immature seeds.

<p>There is no <i>UcFATB1</i> transgene expression detected in Wt. The <i>UcFATB1</i> expression level of Line 80 was used as a calibrator (expression level was arbitrarily set at 1), other lines’ expression levels were expressed as the fold of the expression level of line 80.</p

Seed oil content analysis of four T₄ <i>UcFATB1</i> transgenic lines and WT as measured with gas chromatography (30 mCherry positive or WT seeds per sample, 5 replicates).

<p>* indicates significant difference compared to other samples (P<0.05).</p

Accumulation of medium-chain, saturated fatty acyl moieties in seed oils of transgenic <i>Camelina sativa</i>

<div><p>With its high seed oil content, the mustard family plant <i>Camelina sativa</i> has gained attention as a potential biofuel source. As a bioenergy crop, camelina has many advantages. It grows on marginal land with low demand for water and fertilizer, has a relatively short life cycle, and is stress tolerant. As most other crop seed oils, camelina seed triacylglycerols (TAGs) consist of mostly long, unsaturated fatty acyl moieties, which is not desirable for biofuel processing. In our efforts to produce shorter, saturated chain fatty acyl moieties in camelina seed oil for conversion to jet fuel, a 12:0-acyl-carrier thioesterase gene, <i>UcFATB1</i>, from California bay (<i>Umbellularia californica</i> Nutt.) was expressed in camelina seeds. Up to 40% of short chain laurate (C12:0) and myristate (C14:0) were present in TAGs of the seed oil of the transgenics. The total oil content and germination rate of the transgenic seeds were not affected. Analysis of positions of these two fatty acyl moieties in TAGs indicated that they were present at the <i>sn-1</i> and <i>sn-3</i> positions, but not <i>sn-2</i>, on the TAGs. Suppression of the camelina <i>KASII</i> genes by RNAi constructs led to higher accumulation of palmitate (C16:0), from 7.5% up to 28.5%, and further reduction of longer, unsaturated fatty acids in seed TAGs. Co-transformation of camelina with both constructs resulted in enhanced accumulation of all three medium-chain, saturated fatty acids in camelina seed oils. Our results show that a California bay gene can be successfully used to modify the oil composition in camelina seed and present a new biological alternative for jet fuel production.</p></div

MOESM1 of A photorespiratory bypass increases plant growth and seed yield in biofuel crop Camelina sativa

Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures. Figure S1. Chlorophyll content of bypass transgenics. The chlorophyll content per leaf fresh weight was measured. Overall, bypass transgenics had comparable amount of chlorophyll to WT per mg. leaf tissue. Figure S2. Fv/Fm ratios of bypass transgenics. Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was measured using LI6400-XT on dark-acclimated plants. Based on the ratios, the maximum efficiency of photosystem II was estimated to be comparable between bypass transgenics and WT. Table S1. The transgenic protein content in various lines was determined using peptide-specific antibodies by ELISA. Table S2. Leaf area of different transgenic lines (measured using ImageJ). Figure S3. (a-c) plotSmear plots were generated using the edgeR package. A plotSmear plot is used to visualize the relationship between the contig count concentrations and fold change in a log scale. In the figure, red dots represent differentially expressed genes between the samples. The orange dots represent contigs with zero count values in some of the samples. The blue line represents biological significance at 2 log-FC. Table S3. Primer and antigen sequences

Additional file 1 of Ensemble learning-assisted prediction of prolonged hospital length of stay after spine correction surgery: a multi-center cohort study

Additional file 1. Patient demographics and baseline characteristics