Genotype variation in grain yield response to basal N fertilizer supply among different rice cultivars

Considering the great amount of basal N fertilizer but lower uptake ability at rice seedling, it was essential to increase the N use efficiency of basal fertilizer and reduce N pollution. So, a field experiment was conducted at Wuxi, China, under non-basal N and basal N fertilizer conditions, to identify the variation of grain yield response to basal fertilizer among 199 rice varieties with different genetic background, and finally choose the suitable rice varieties for us to increase basal N fertilizer efficiency and reduce N fertilizer pollution. The results show that highly significant genotype differences for grain yield and almost yield parameters existed in 199 rice varieties, and there were also great differences for agronomic N use efficiency (ANUE) and apparent recovery of applied basal N fertilizer (AR) among 199 rice varieties. Little response rice varieties HJY, 80-4, L454, SXJ, Daesong, WNZ and DXW2, and great response rice varieties NJ1X, HC106, QYDD, YTDBM, YJ2H, 4020 and 4024 were also screened in this study. Our results also show that the effects of basal fertilizer were mainly reflected on the early period of rice growth but not on the grain yield. This study identified genotype variation in grain yield response to basal N fertilizer supply and great ANUE and AY differences among the 199 rice cultivars, and also explored the reasons for these phenomena, which would provide us good information in increasing basal fertilizer efficiency and reducing N pollution.Key words: Basal fertilizer, rice varieties, response, nitrogen, grain yield

Bis(4-fluoro­anilinium) tetra­chloridocuprate(II)

The crystal structure of the title compound, (C6H7FN)2[CuCl4], consists of parallel two-dimensional perovskite-type layers of corner-sharing CuCl6 octa­hedra. These are bonded together via N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds from the 4-fluoro­anilinium chains, which are almost perpendicular to the layers. The CuCl4 dianions have two short Cu—Cl bonds [2.2657 (15) and 2.2884 (13) Å] and two longer bonds [2.8868 (15) Å], giving highly Jahn–Teller-distorted CuCl6 octa­hedra. The Cu atoms are situated on crystallographic centers of inversion

Dimethyl­ammonium tetra­chloridoferrate(III) 18-crown-6 clathrate

The reaction of dimethyl­amine hydro­chloride, 18-crown-6 and ferric chloride in ethanol yields the title compound, (C2H8N)[FeCl4]·C12H24O6, which exhibits an unusual supramolecular structure. The protonated dimethyl­amine contains one NH2 + group, resulting in a 1:1 supra­molecular rotator–stator structure (CH3—NH2 +—CH3)(18-crown-6), through N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions between the ammonium group of the cation and the O atoms of the crown ether. In the crystal, all three components lie on a common crystallographic mirror plane normal to [010]

Melaminium perchlorate monohydrate

In the title hydrated salt, 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium perchlorate monohydrate, C3H7N6 +·ClO4 −·H2O, the constituents are linked via hydrogen bonds of the O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O, N—H⋯N and N—H⋯Cl types. All the H atoms of the melaminium cation are involved in the hydrogen bonds. The melaminium residues are inter­connected by four N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains parallel to (111). The ribbons are inter­connected by other hydrogen bonds as well as by π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8097 (7) Å]

1-[Morpholino(phen­yl)meth­yl]-2-naphthol

There are two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C21H21NO2, which was synthesized by the one-pot reaction of 2-naphthol, morpholine and benzaldehyde. The dihedral angles between the naphthalene ring systems and the benzene rings are 84.03 (7) and 75.76 (8)° in the two mol­ecules and an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond occurs in each independent mol­ecule