2-Isonicotinoyl-N-phenyl­hydrazine­carbothio­amide dimethyl­formamide hemisolvate

The title compound, C13H12N4OS·0.5C3H7NO, contains four hydrazine mol­ecules and two solvent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the pyridine and phenyl rings in the hydrazine mol­ecules are 67.51 (16), 68.28 (16), 81.36 (15) and 83.32 (15)°. In the crystal, the mol­ecules are linked by N—H⋯N, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯S hydrogen bonds

4-(Diphenyl­phosphan­yl)benzoic acid

In the title compound, C19H15O2P, the dihedral angles between the benzoic acid ring and the phenyl rings are 75.64 (7) and 80.88 (7)°; the dihedral angle between the phenyl rings is 81.35 (7)°. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R 2 2(8) loops between the head-to-head carb­oxy­lic acid groups

Diphenyl chloro­thio­phospho­nate

The complete mol­ecule of the title compound, C12H10ClO2PS, is generated by crystallographic mirror symmetry, with the P, S and Cl atoms lying on the mirror plane. The resulting PO2SCl tetra­hedron is significantly distorted [O—P—O = 96.79 (9)°]. The crystal packing exhibits no directional inter­actions

3-Nitro-2-phenyl­chroman

In the title compound, C15H13NO3, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 79.25 (16)°

Aqua­(dicyanamido-κN 1)(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)(nitrato-κ2 O,O′)cobalt(II)–2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline–water (2/1/2)

In the title compound, 2[Co(C2N3)(NO3)(C14H12N2)(H2O)]·C14H12N2·2H2O, the CoII ion is coordinated by a bidentate 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmphen) ligand, a bidentate nitrate anion, a water mol­ecule and a monodentate dicyan­amide group in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. One uncoordinated dmphen mol­ecule is situated on a crystallographic twofold axis and the asymmetric unit is completed by one water mol­ecule. In the crystal, mol­ecules form a one-dimensional framework in the [001] direction through O—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal packing is further stabilized by π–π stacking inter­actions between the dmphen rings of neighboring mol­ecules, with a centroid–centroid separation of 3.5641 (8) Å and a partially overlapped arrangement of parallel dmphen rings with a distance of 3.407 (2) Å

A place to grow? Host choice and larval performance of Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the host Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Host selection is a key stage in the lifecycle of parasitoids, and is critical to both their function in control and to the maintenance of their population. The solitary endoparasitoid Microplitis similis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a potential biological control agent of Spodoptera litura (F.) larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In this study, we examined the preference M. similis exhibits for different instars of the host, host instar effects on parasitoid development, and the weight gain and food consumption of different instars of parasitized larvae. In no-choice tests, parasitization rates were highest in second- and early third-instar larvae, and no fourth- or fifth-instar hosts were parasitized. When provided with a choice of first- to late third-instar host larvae, M. similis preferred to parasitize early third-instar host larvae (41%) with a selection coefficient of 0.37. All morphometric features of wasp offspring increased with increasing age of the host at parasitization. A lower proportion of females emerged from first-instar larvae than any other instar. Parasitized S. litura larvae showed a pronounced reduction in food consumption and weight gain. Microplitis similis may have the potential to significantly suppress population growth and the damage caused by S. litura