Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of Fe3+ - doped TiO2 Modified

Photocatalytic materials of TiO2 / coarse silica gel microspheres were prepared by sol-gel impregnation method and doped with transition metal ions Fe3+ to form Fe3+ modified TiO2 / coarse silica gel microspheres. The surface of the Fe modified photocatalytic materials were analyzed by XRD and surface scanning. Degradation of reactive dyes using X-3B dye wastewater water samples for validation tests. The results show that the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalytic material reaches the best when the Fe doping amount is 0.5%, and the most photocatalyst amount is 10g / L. The degradation rate of COD under this dosage was 72.32%. At the same time, according to the characterization analysis, it was found that Fe did not react with the photocatalytic material of TiO2 / coarse silica microspheres in the reaction, Fe increased the defect structure of TiO2 surface and promoted the formation of anatase, A red shift occurred and the corresponding range of the spectrum expanded toward the visible region. The results show that the doping of Fe affects the formation of TiO2 crystals, but increases the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2

Study on Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Time-Frequency Generalized Dimension

The condition monitoring technology and fault diagnosis technology of mechanical equipment played an important role in the modern engineering. Rolling bearing is the most common component of mechanical equipment which sustains and transfers the load. Therefore, fault diagnosis of rolling bearings has great significance. Fractal theory provides an effective method to describe the complexity and irregularity of the vibration signals of rolling bearings. In this paper a novel multifractal fault diagnosis approach based on time-frequency domain signals was proposed. The method and numerical algorithm of Multi-fractal analysis in time-frequency domain were provided. According to grid type J and order parameter q in algorithm, the value range of J and the cut-off condition of q were optimized based on the effect on the dimension calculation. Simulation experiments demonstrated that the effective signal identification could be complete by multifractal method in time-frequency domain, which is related to the factors such as signal energy and distribution. And the further fault diagnosis experiments of bearings showed that the multifractal method in time-frequency domain can complete the fault diagnosis, such as the fault judgment and fault types. And the fault detection can be done in the early stage of fault. Therefore, the multifractal method in time-frequency domain used in fault diagnosis of bearing is a practicable method

Rebreathing-Induced Hypoxia Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

Hypoxia stimulates glucose uptake through an insulin-independent pathway. PURPOSE: To examine the acute effect of rebreathing-induced hypoxia on plasma glucose and insulin levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that rebreathing-induced hypoxia would attenuate the increase in glucose and insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test. METHODS: Nine individuals with type 2 diabetes (4 women, age: 53±10 years, body mass index: 35±7 kg/m2, HbA1c: 7.1±0.5%) visited the laboratory on two occasions. On both visits, a 2-hour, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was conducted while simultaneously performing a rebreathing-induced hypoxia protocol (RIH) or breathing room air (Norm). Venous blood samples were collected 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min following ingestion of the high-glucose drink to measure plasma glucose and insulin levels. The rebreathing-induced hypoxia protocol consisted of two series of five 2-min rebreathing bouts in a low-volume, closed circuit system interspersed with two minutes of breathing room air. The first and second series of rebreathing bouts were performed within the first 30 min and 30-60 min after ingestion of the high-glucose drink, respectively. RESULTS: Rebreathing-induced hypoxia resulted in a nadir oxygen saturation of 88±4% and a nadir fraction of inspired oxygen of 12±5%. Plasma glucose responses to the oral glucose tolerance test were not different between conditions, however, insulin levels were lower during rebreathing-induced hypoxia than normoxia (RIH vs. Norm: 0: 17±13 vs. 21±14; 30: 37±28 vs. 42±26; 60: 57±32 vs. 77±52; 90: 88±67 vs. 116±81; and 120: 114±96 vs. 136 ±111 ulU/ml, p=0.03), suggesting an acutely improved insulin sensitivity. Accordingly, the insulin area under the curve was lower during rebreathing-induced hypoxia than normoxia (124±84 vs. 157±102, p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Exposure to short and intermittent rebreathing-induced hypoxia following ingestion of a high-glucose drink acutely improves insulin sensitivity in adults with type 2 diabetes. Rebreathing-induced hypoxia could therefore represent a novel and simple strategy to improve glycemic control in individuals living with type 2 diabetes

Fluorescence, phosphorescence, thermoluminescence and charge transfer in synthetic diamond

This thesis reports the investigation of the physics of long-lived phosphorescence in lab-grown High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT) diamond. To understand of luminescence and related charge transfer processes, a combination of techniques have been employed including cathodoluminescence (CL), photoluminescence (PL), the phosphorescence lifetime and spectroscopic studies, thermoluminescence (TL); as well as temperature-variable time-resolved Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements used to monitor the dynamics in concentrations of neutral boron acceptors and deep nitrogen donors during phosphorescence emission. The “blue-green" phosphorescence spectrum, lifetime, and intensity in different growth sectors have been studied. Variations between growth sectors is due to differences in the concentration of substitutional boron (BS) and substitutional nitrogen (NS) defects. Substitutional boron can exist in neutral and negative charge states. B0 S is a relatively shallow acceptor. In this work it is conclusively shown that substitutional nitrogen can exist in positive, neutral and importantly negative charge states. Time-resolved EPR studies of the recovery of N0 S after optical excitation have enabled identification of

Large-Scale Traffic Congestion Prediction based on Multimodal Fusion and Representation Mapping

With the progress of the urbanisation process, the urban transportation system is extremely critical to the development of cities and the quality of life of the citizens. Among them, it is one of the most important tasks to judge traffic congestion by analysing the congestion factors. Recently, various traditional and machine-learning-based models have been introduced for predicting traffic congestion. However, these models are either poorly aggregated for massive congestion factors or fail to make accurate predictions for every precise location in large-scale space. To alleviate these problems, a novel end-to-end framework based on convolutional neural networks is proposed in this paper. With learning representations, the framework proposes a novel multimodal fusion module and a novel representation mapping module to achieve traffic congestion predictions on arbitrary query locations on a large-scale map, combined with various global reference information. The proposed framework achieves significant results and efficient inference on real-world large-scale datasets

Impact of Intermittent Hypoxia on the Glycemic Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Hypoxia triggers glucose uptake independently from the action of insulin. PURPOSE: To determine the acute effect of intermittent hypoxia, defined as alternating short bouts of breathing hypoxic and room air, on plasma glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test in healthy individuals. We hypothesized that exposure to intermittent hypoxia would attenuate the increase in glucose levels in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. METHODS: Nine individuals (5 men, age: 24 ± 4 years, height: 175 ± 9 cm, weight: 71.0 ± 13.5 kg, HbA1c: 5.4 ± 0.1%) participated in the study. Participants visited the laboratory on two occasions. On both visits, a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test was performed, with venous blood samples collected 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes following the ingestion of a 75 g glucose drink. On visit 1, an intermittent hypoxia (IH) protocol, consisting of eight 4-minute hypoxic cycles at a targeted arterial oxygen saturation of 80% interspersed with breathing room air to resaturation, was performed following ingestion of the glucose drink. On visit 2, an intermittent normoxia protocol consisting of eight 4-minute normoxic cycles interspersed with breathing room air was performed following ingestion of the glucose drink. Visit order was randomized and participants were blinded to the condition. RESULTS: As expected, intermittent hypoxia resulted in a lower arterial oxygen saturation than intermittent normoxia (IH: 83 ± 3, IN: 98 ± 1%, p \u3c 0.01) which corresponded to lower levels of inspired oxygen (IH: 10.9 ± 0.7, IN: 20.9 ± 0.3%, p \u3c 0.01). Plasma glucose responses to the oral glucose tolerance test were not different between conditions (IH vs. IN: 0: 90 ± 7 vs. 89 ± 6; 30: 135 ± 21 vs. 137 ± 24; 60: 110 ± 28 vs. 108 ± 25; 90: 96 ± 18 vs. 88 ± 14; and 120: 101 ± 19 vs. 83 ± 14 mg/dl, p = 0.29). Intermittent hypoxia triggered an increase in cardiac output (6.1 ± 0.9 to 6.8 ± 1.3 L/min, p \u3c 0.01) caused by an increase in heart rate (67 ± 10 to 79 ± 12 bpm, p \u3c 0.01). CONCLUSION: Contrary to our hypothesis, intermittent exposure to hypoxia did not attenuate the increase in plasma glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with normal glycemic control. It remains to be determined whether intermittent hypoxia can attenuate the increase in plasma glucose levels in response to an oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance