7 research outputs found
Molecular Imaging of P‑glycoprotein in Chemoresistant Tumors Using a Dual-Modality PET/Fluorescence Probe
Overexpression
of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) has been considered a primary
cause for multidrug resistance in a variety of cancers for three decades.
However, clinical translation of Pgp targeted therapeutics has been
hindered by lack of patient preselection based on the Pgp presence
in tumors. We aim to develop a molecularly targeted probe for imaging
tumoral Pgp <i>in vivo</i> with positron emission tomography
(PET) and fluorescence, and to provide a tool for preselecting the
patients with tumoral Pgp expression. Thus, a Pgp monoclonal antibody
15D3 was chemically modified with IRDye800 (IR800) and DOTA chelator.
The specificity of the antibody conjugates DOTA-Pab-IR800 was verified
in Pgp-expressing 3T3-MDR1 and control 3T3 cells. After radiolabeling
with <sup>64</sup>Cu, the probe was applied in small animal PET imaging
of Pgp in a mouse xenograft model of NCI/ADR-Res cells, which are
chemoresistant through overexpression of Pgp. Quantification analysis
of the PET images demonstrated that the tumor uptake of the radioactive
probe was 9.9 ± 1.4, 12.1 ± 1.2, and 10.5 ± 1.0%ID/g
at 4, 24, and 48 h post injection. The tumor-to-muscle ratio was 20.9
at 48 h post injection based on biodistribution studies. Fluorescence
imaging was performed following PET experiments, and it demonstrated
excellent tumor accumulation of this dual-modality probe in the NCI/ADR-Res
tumors. Further, an image-guided surgery was successfully performed
using the fluorescence modality of the probe, demonstrating potential
utility of this probe in image-guided surgical removal of Pgp-positive
drug resistant tumors in the patients. In conclusion, this study clearly
demonstrated that the Pgp-targeted antibody probe, <sup>64</sup>Cu-DOTA-Pab-IR800,
could provide a promising diagnosis tool for detection of Pgp-expressing
tumors <i>in vivo</i>
Development of [<sup>18</sup>F]AlF-NOTA-NT as PET Agents of Neurotensin Receptor‑1 Positive Pancreatic Cancer
Several studies have suggested that
neurotensin receptors (NTRs)
and neurotensin (NT) greatly affect the growth and survival of pancreatic
ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Developing NTR-targeted PET probes could
therefore be important for the management of a pancreatic cancer patient
by providing key information on the NTR expression profile noninvasively.
Despite the initial success on the synthesis of <sup>18</sup>F-labeled
NT PET probes, the labeling procedure generally requires lengthy steps
including azeotropic drying of <sup>18</sup>F. Using a straightforward
chelation method, here we report the simple preparation of aluminum-<sup>18</sup>F-NOTA-NT starting from aqueous <sup>18</sup>F. The cell
binding test demonstrated that [<sup>19</sup>F]ÂAlF-NOTA-NT maintained
high receptor-binding affinity to NTR1. This probe was then further
evaluated in NTR1 positive pancreatic tumor models (AsPC-1 and PANC-1).
After the administration of [<sup>18</sup>F]ÂAlF-NOTA-NT, small animal
PET studies showed a high contrast between tumor and background in
both models at 1 and 4 h time points. A blocking experiment was performed
to demonstrate the receptor specificity: the tumor uptake in AsPC1
without and with blocking agent was 1.0 ± 0.2 and 0.1 ±
0.0%ID/g, respectively, at 4 h post injection. In summary, a NTR specific
PET agent, [<sup>18</sup>F]ÂAlF-NOTA-NT, was prepared through the simple
chelation method. This NTR-targeted PET probe may not only be used
to detect NTR1 positive pancreatic tumors (diagnosis), but also it
may be fully integrated to NTR target therapy leading to personalized
medicine (theranostic)
Scatter plot of the relationship between the PCC-right medial superior frontal gyrus functional connectivity and hemoglobin levels in the patients.
<p>Scatter plot of the relationship between the PCC-right medial superior frontal gyrus functional connectivity and hemoglobin levels in the patients.</p
Within-group DMN patterns and between-group differences.
<p>The color bars represent the T scores. The results were mapped onto the brain surface using the BrainNet viewer software.</p
Radiolabeling Diaminosarcophagine with Cyclotron-Produced Cobalt-55 and [<sup>55</sup>Co]Co-NT-Sarcage as a Proof of Concept in a Murine Xenograft Model
Cobalt–sarcophagine complexes exhibit high kinetic
inertness
under various stringent conditions, but there is limited literature
on radiolabeling and in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging
using no carrier added 55Co. To fill this gap, this study
first investigates the radiolabeling of DiAmSar (DSar) with 55Co, followed by stability evaluation in human serum and EDTA, pharmacokinetics
in mice, and a direct comparison with [55Co]CoCl2 to assess differences in pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, the radiolabeling
process was successfully used to generate the NTSR1-targeted PET agent
[55Co]Co-NT-Sarcage (a DSar-functionalized SR142948 derivative)
and administered to HT29 tumor xenografted mice. The [55Co]Co-DSar complex can be formed at 37 °C with purity and stability
suitable for preclinical in vivo radiopharmaceutical applications,
and [55Co]Co-NT-Sarcage demonstrated prominent tumor uptake
with a low background signal. In a direct comparison with [64Cu]Cu-NT-Sarcage, [55Co]Co-NT-Sarcage achieved a higher
tumor-to-liver ratio but with overall similar biodistribution profile.
These results demonstrate that Sar would be a promising chelator for
constructing Co-based radiopharmaceuticals including 55Co for PET and 58mCo for therapeutic applications
Demographics and clinical characteristics of all participants.
<p>Demographics and clinical characteristics of all participants.</p
Protein Nanocage Mediated Fibroblast-Activation Protein Targeted Photoimmunotherapy To Enhance Cytotoxic T Cell Infiltration and Tumor Control
Carcinoma-associated
fibroblasts (CAFs) are found in many types of cancer and play an important
role in tumor growth and metastasis. Fibroblast-activation protein
(FAP), which is overexpressed on the surface of CAFs, has been proposed
as a universal tumor targeting antigen. However, recent studies show
that FAP is also expressed on multipotent bone marrow stem cells.
A systematic anti-FAP therapy may lead to severe side effects and
even death. Hence, there is an urgent need of a therapy that can selectively
kill CAFs without causing systemic toxicity. Herein we report a nanoparticle-based
photoimmunotherapy (nano-PIT) approach that addresses the need. Specifically,
we exploit ferritin, a compact nanoparticle protein cage, as a photosensitizer
carrier, and we conjugate to the surface of ferritin a FAP-specific
single chain variable fragment (scFv). With photoirradiation, the
enabled nano-PIT efficiently eliminates CAFs in tumors but causes
little damage to healthy tissues due to the localized nature of the
treatment. Interestingly, while not directly killing cancer cells,
the nano-PIT caused efficient tumor suppression in tumor-bearing immunocompetent
mice. Further investigations found that the nano-PIT led to suppressed
C–X–C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) secretion and
extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, both of which are regulated
by CAFs in untreated tumors and mediate T cell exclusion that prevents
physical contact between T cells and cancer cells. By selective killing
of CAFs, the nano-PIT reversed the effect, leading to significantly
enhanced T cell infiltration, followed by efficient tumor suppression.
Our study suggests a new and safe CAF-targeted therapy and a novel
strategy to modulate tumor microenvironment (TME) for enhanced immunity
against cancer