Two-Timescale Transmission Design for Wireless Communication Systems Aided by Active RIS

This paper considers an active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided communication system, where an M-antenna base station (BS) transmits data symbols to a single-antenna user via an N-element active RIS. We use two-timescale channel state information (CSI) in our system, so that the channel estimation overhead and feedback overhead can be decreased dramatically. A closed-form approximate expression of the achievable rate (AR) is derived and the phase shift at the active RIS is optimized. In addition, we compare the performance of the active RIS system with that of the passive RIS system. The conclusion shows that the active RIS system achieves a lager AR than the passive RIS system

Mix-of-Show: Decentralized Low-Rank Adaptation for Multi-Concept Customization of Diffusion Models

Public large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, have gained significant attention from the community. These models can be easily customized for new concepts using low-rank adaptations (LoRAs). However, the utilization of multiple concept LoRAs to jointly support multiple customized concepts presents a challenge. We refer to this scenario as decentralized multi-concept customization, which involves single-client concept tuning and center-node concept fusion. In this paper, we propose a new framework called Mix-of-Show that addresses the challenges of decentralized multi-concept customization, including concept conflicts resulting from existing single-client LoRA tuning and identity loss during model fusion. Mix-of-Show adopts an embedding-decomposed LoRA (ED-LoRA) for single-client tuning and gradient fusion for the center node to preserve the in-domain essence of single concepts and support theoretically limitless concept fusion. Additionally, we introduce regionally controllable sampling, which extends spatially controllable sampling (e.g., ControlNet and T2I-Adaptor) to address attribute binding and missing object problems in multi-concept sampling. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Mix-of-Show is capable of composing multiple customized concepts with high fidelity, including characters, objects, and scenes

LETTER 1278 Gold(I)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Dihydrobenzofurans from Aryl Allyl Ethers

Abstract: Formation of dihydrobenzofurans from aryl allyl ethers was catalyzed by in situ generated PPh 3 AuOTf. This reaction appears to proceed by a Claisen rearrangement, followed by addition of the resulting phenol to the allyl group

Influence of CO₂ Curing on the Alkali-Activated Compound Mineral Admixtures’ Corrosion Resistance to NaCl Dry–Wet Alternations

In this study, the influence of CO2 curing on the corrosion resistance of reinforced alkali-activated compounds is investigated. Fly ash (FA) and blast furnace slag powder (BFS) are used as mineral admixtures. The specimens were subjected to dry–wet alternations with 3% NaCl, used to simulate a concrete structure under a corrosion environment. The ultrasonic velocity, mass loss rate, and electrical characteristics (such as electrical resistance, AC impedance spectra, and corrosion area rates determined by Tafel curves) are utilized to determine the degree of corrosion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are used to analyze the corrosion mechanism. Results show that the corrosion resistance is decreased by the addition of FA but improved by CO2 curing. When CO2 curing is provided, the addition of BFS shows a higher enhancing effect on the corrosion resistance than that of FA. The equivalent circuit diagram of reinforced alkali-activated compound mineral admixtures obtained by AC impedance spectra is composed of three electrical elements (electrical resistance and capacitance in parallel) in series. The X-ray diffraction results show that adding BFS and CO2 curing can decrease the rust’s iron oxides on the steel bars’ surface. Finally, as found in the SEM photos, BFS and CO2 curing can effectively improve the compactness of specimens. Meanwhile, the roughness of hydration is increased by CO2 curing

Intramolecular Oxidative Coupling between Unactivated Aliphatic C-H and Aryl C-H Bonds

Direct oxidative coupling of different inert C-H bonds is the most straightforward and environmentally benign method to construct C-C bonds. In this article, we developed a Pd-catalyzed intramolecular oxidative coupling between unactivated aliphatic and aryl C-H bonds. This chemistry showed great potential to build up fused cyclic scaffolds from linear substrates through oxidative couplings. Privileged chromane and tetralin scaffolds were constructed from readily available linear starting materials in the absence of any organohalides and organometallic partners.<br /

Visible-Light-Induced Deep Aerobic Oxidation of Alkyl Aromatics

Oxidation is a major chemical process to produce oxygenated chemicals in both nature and chemical industry. Currently, industrial deep oxidation processes from polyalkyl benzene are major routes to produce benzoic acids and benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), while to some extent suffering from the energy-intensive and potentially hazardous drawbacks and the sluggish separation issues. In this report, visible-light-induced deep aerobic oxidation of (poly)alkyl benzene to benzene (poly)carboxylic acids was developed. CeCl3 was proved to be an efficient HAT (Hydrogen Atom Transfer)catalyst in the presence of alcohol as both hydrogen and electron shuttle. Dioxygen (O2) was found as a sole terminal oxidant. In most cases, pure products were easily isolated by simple filtration, showing the advantages of for scaling up. The reaction provides an ideal way to form valuable fine chemicals from abundant petroleum feedstocks.</b

Characterization of a Novel Butachlor Biodegradation Pathway and Cloning of the Debutoxylase (Dbo) Gene Responsible for Debutoxylation of Butachlor in Bacillus sp. hys‑1

Bacillus sp. strain hys-1, which was isolated from active sludge, could degrade >90% butachlor at a concentration of 100 mg/L within 7 days. The present work revealed that strain hys-1 could mineralize butachlor via the following pathway: butachlor was initially metabolized to 2-chloro-<i>N</i>-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-<i>N</i>-methylacetamide by debutoxylation and then transformed to form 2-chloro-<i>N</i>-(2,6-diethylphenyl)­acetamide by N-demethylation. Subsequently, it was converted to 2,6-diethylaniline and further mineralized into CO₂ and H₂O. In addition, the catalytic efficiency of crude cell extracts descended as follows: alachlor > acetochlor > butachlor. Furthermore, a novel 744 bp gene responsible for transforming butachlor into 2-chloro-<i>N</i>-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-<i>N</i>-methylacetamide was cloned from strain hys-1 and the encoding debutoxylase was designated Dbo. Then Dbo was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and purified using Ni–nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography. Dbo displayed the highest activity against butachlor at pH 6.5 and 30 °C. Metal ions played an important role in Dbo activity. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report that strain hys-1 can mineralize butachlor by a novel metabolic mechanism and the first identification of a gene encoding butachlor debutoxylase

Disruption of the Novel Small Protein RBR7 Leads to Enhanced Plant Resistance to Blast Disease

Abstract Plant disease is a threat to global food security. Breeding crops carrying broad-spectrum resistance loci is an effective way to control infectious disease. Disease-resistant mutants are valuable resources for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of plant immunity and could provide genetic loci to generate disease-resistant crops. Here, we identified a rice mutant, rbr7 (rice blast resistance 7), that confers resistance against different strains of Magnaporthe oryzae. Disease-mimicking necrotic lesions started to appear on the leaves of rbr7 four weeks after sowing. Histochemical analysis revealed reactive oxygen species accumulation and cell death accompanied by spontaneous lesion formation in rbr7. Map-based cloning and bulk segregation analysis showed a 2855 bp fragment deletion on chromosome 5, leading to the disruption of the LOC_Os05g28480-coding protein. Transgenic rbr7 complementation plants showed compromised resistance to rice blast, indicating that LOC_Os05g28480, or Rbr7, regulates the rice immune response. Rbr7 encodes a small protein of unknown function with 85 amino acids. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that disruption of RBR7 led to the upregulation of genes responding to salicylic acid, systemic acquired resistance and pathogenesis-related genes. Taken together, our findings reveal insights into a novel small protein involved in regulating plant resistance to rice blast and provide a potential target for crop breeding

Additional file 3 of Disruption of the Novel Small Protein RBR7 Leads to Enhanced Plant Resistance to Blast Disease

Additional file 3. Table S2. Primers used in this research