Semi-Asynchronous Federated Edge Learning Mechanism via Over-the-air Computation

Over-the-air Computation (AirComp) has been demonstrated as an effective transmission scheme to boost the efficiency of federated edge learning (FEEL). However, existing FEEL systems with AirComp scheme often employ traditional synchronous aggregation mechanisms for local model aggregation in each global round, which suffer from the stragglers issues. In this paper, we propose a semi-asynchronous aggregation FEEL mechanism with AirComp scheme (PAOTA) to improve the training efficiency of the FEEL system in the case of significant heterogeneity in data and devices. Taking the staleness and divergence of model updates from edge devices into consideration, we minimize the convergence upper bound of the FEEL global model by adjusting the uplink transmit power of edge devices at each aggregation period. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves convergence performance close to that of the ideal Local SGD. Furthermore, with the same target accuracy, the training time required for PAOTA is less than that of the ideal Local SGD and the synchronous FEEL algorithm via AirComp

The Applications of Green Building Rating System in Property Management

In the time of Low-carbon economy，the thought of sustainable development has influenced every aspects of life, and the ideas of green service and environmental management has become increasingly popular in property management .Green property management is now a trend, yet necessarily the only way to meet the owner’s needs. Responding to the current call of building energy efficiency, it is inevitable in the development of property management to introduce the idea of green management, advocate green service management, and apply the green building rating system to property management, which is one distinguishing feature of modern property services.Key words: Green Building Rating System; Green Property Management; Application

Asynchronous Federated Learning with Incentive Mechanism Based on Contract Theory

To address the challenges posed by the heterogeneity inherent in federated learning (FL) and to attract high-quality clients, various incentive mechanisms have been employed. However, existing incentive mechanisms are typically utilized in conventional synchronous aggregation, resulting in significant straggler issues. In this study, we propose a novel asynchronous FL framework that integrates an incentive mechanism based on contract theory. Within the incentive mechanism, we strive to maximize the utility of the task publisher by adaptively adjusting clients' local model training epochs, taking into account factors such as time delay and test accuracy. In the asynchronous scheme, considering client quality, we devise aggregation weights and an access control algorithm to facilitate asynchronous aggregation. Through experiments conducted on the MNIST dataset, the simulation results demonstrate that the test accuracy achieved by our framework is 3.12% and 5.84% higher than that achieved by FedAvg and FedProx without any attacks, respectively. The framework exhibits a 1.35% accuracy improvement over the ideal Local SGD under attacks. Furthermore, aiming for the same target accuracy, our framework demands notably less computation time than both FedAvg and FedProx