Effects of benthic algae on release of soluble reactive phosphorus from sediments: a radioisotope tracing study

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of benthic algae on soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) release from sediments in shallow lakes, experiments on SRP release with and without benthic algae in sediment cores and an experiment on SRP uptake by benthic algae were conducted using the radioisotope (32P) tracing method. The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in sediment cores was also investigated. The results show that benthic algae effectively reduce the release of SRP from sediments to overlying water. The uptake of SRP by benthic algae, which is the direct way in which benthic algae affect the SRP release from sediments, is low in filtered water and increases with the SRP concentration. However, in the experiment, the increased uptake rate lasted for a short time (in one hour), and after that it returned to a low rate. Benthic algae make the DO concentration and the oxic layer thickness increased, which can indirectly reduce the SRP release from sediments. These findings indicate that benthic algae can reduce the SRP release from sediments in both direct and indirect ways. It seems that the indirect way also plays an important role in reducing the SRP release from sediments

Preparation and Evaluation of Intravaginal Ring Containing Drospirenone

In the present study, we investigated the feasibility of the vaginal administration of drospirenone silicone IVR. The in vitro release characteristics of matrix-type and reservoir-type IVR were compared under sink conditions in 21 days. At the same time, API excipients compatibility and preformulation study was performed by HPLC, IR, and DSC methods. Biocompatibility of reservoir system was evaluated by tolerability on tissue level in rats. It was found that, under strong light exposure, high temperature, and high humidity conditions, drospirenone and excipients had no significant interactions. The daily release of reservoir-type IVR was about 0.5 mg/d sustaining 21 days, which significantly decreased the burst effect compared with the matrix system. When drospirenone was modified by the PVPk30 in the reservoir system formulation, the daily release rate increased to 1.0 mg/d sustaining 21 days. The cumulative release of reservoir-type IVR was fitted to zero release equation. In addition, biocompatibility of drospirenone IVR system in this dosage is safe. It is feasibility feasibile to further developed for safe, convenient, and effective contraceptive drug delivery with reduced dosing interval

Optimizing hardenability of high chromium white cast iron

The formulas proposed by J. Dodd and J. L. Parks for calculating the hardenability of high-Cr white cast iron under continuous cooling condition was recommended. For broader application, some supplements were made to the formula. Through tests on the half-cooling time of typical castings, the compositions of ideal alloys were precisely designed using the Dodd’s formula. Hardness testing of heat-treated castings showed that the designed compositions were correct. The application of castings demonstrated excellent abrasion resistance

Seguimiento online de la conductividad eléctrica del vino inducido por ultrasonido

We assessed the effects of ultrasonic frequency, power, temperature and exposure time on the electric conductivity (EC) of wine to evaluate the feasibility of the online EC monitoring as an indicator to reflect the changes of wine quality under the ultrasound irradiation. Results showed that the continuously monitored curve of EC was significantly different from the values recorded at the beginning and end of sonication. An abrupt rise and a rapid drop of wine EC were observed at the start and end points of sonication, respectively, in all working conditions. With regards to the assayed wine temperatures, the effect exerted by this parameter on EC before sonication was totally different from that observed when the samples were cooled down after ultrasound treatment. All in all, these results suggest that the online EC monitoring of wine may be used as an efficient indicator to control and reflect the real changes of wine under ultrasound treatment.Hemos estudiado los efectos de la frecuencia de ultrasonido, la potencia, la temperatura y el tiempo de exposición en la conductividad eléctrica (EC) del vino para evaluar la viabilidad del seguimiento EC online como indicador para reflejar los cambios en la calidad del vino bajo irradiación de ultrasonido. Los resultados mostraron que la curva de EC supervisada en continuo fue significativamente diferente de los valores registrados al principio y al final de la sonicación. Se observaron un aumento brusco y una rápida caída de EC del vino al principio y al final de la sonicación, respectivamente, para todas las condiciones estudiadas. En referencia a las temperaturas testadas del vino, el efecto ejercido por este parámetro en EC antes de la sonicación fue totalmente distinto de aquel observado cuando se enfriaron las muestras después del tratamiento de ultrasonido. En resumen, estos resultados sugieren que el seguimiento online de EC del vino podría ser utilizado como un indicador eficiente para controlar y reflejar los cambios reales en el vino con el uso de tratamiento de ultrasonido.National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 31101324]Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China [grant number 2015JM3097]Technology Transfer Promotion Project of Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China [grant number CXY1434(5)]Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [grant number GK201302039], [grant number GK201404006], [grant number GK201505128

1-Phenyl-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxy­phen­yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title compound, C18H18O4, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the aromatic rings is 7.39 (6)°. The dihedral angles between the linking C—C=C—C plane and the phenyl and benzene rings are 11.27 (5) and 4.20 (5)°, respectively