Combinational Dormancy of \u3cem\u3eVicia angustifolia\u3c/em\u3e Seed and Its Ecological Significance

Combinational dormancy is a common phenomenon in seed of temperate legume species, however, less is known about its ecological role in an alpine environment (Hu et al. 2013). Vicia angustifolia is an annual herbaceous legume, widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The purpose of this study is to explore the seed dormancy characteristics of V. angustifolia and its ecological significance

Structural deformation of shale pores in the fold-thrust belt: The Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Anchang Syncline of Central Yangtze Block

The gas-rich Wufeng-Longmaxi shale has been intensely deformed within the fold-thrust belt of the Yangtze Block. To better understand the impact of structural deformation on the shale pore system, this paper systematically investigated the matrix components, porosity and pore structures in core samples from theWufeng-Longmaxi shale, newly collected from various structural domains in the first commercial shale gas field of the Central Yangtze Block, the Anchang Syncline. The shale porosity generally showed a positive relationship with total organic carbon content. Nevertheless, even at a constant total organic carbon content, the shale porosity decreased from the syncline limb to the syncline hinge zone and with a decreasing interlimb angle in the syncline hinge zone, which aligned with the structural deformation strain during folding. The artificial axial compression of shale samples also confirmed that the decrease in shale porosity was stronger at an elevated axial compression stress and was relatively higher in samples with higher total organic carbon content. The organic pore size decreased with higher structural deformation strain, but the aspect ratio of the pore shape increased. Even quartz failed to resist the effective stress under the intensive structural deformation, changing the correlation between porosity and quartz from positive to negative. In contrast, pore spaces generated by the slipping between clay flakes under intensive deformation accounted for a positive relationship between clay content and bulk porosity. Considering the shale porosity reduction caused by the intensive structural deformation of shale pores, the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale, that is rich in fracture networks between roof and floor layers, may still be an excellent exploration target in the fold-thrust belt of the Yangtze Block.Cited as: Guo, X., Liu, R., Xu, S., Feng, B., Wen, T., Zhang, T. Structural deformation of shale pores in the fold-thrust belt: The Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Anchang Syncline of Central Yangtze Block. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2022, 6(6): 515-530. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2022.06.0

Quality Prediction of DWT-Based Compression for Remote Sensing Image Using Multiscale and Multilevel Differences Assessment Metric

Accurate assessment and prediction of visual quality are of fundamental importance to lossy compression of remote sensing image, since it is not only a basic indicator of coding performance, but also an important guide to optimize the coding procedure. In the paper, a novel quality prediction model based on multiscale and multilevel distortion (MSMLD) assessment metric is preferred for DWT-based coding of remote sensing image. Firstly, we propose an image quality assessment metric named MSMLD, which assesses quality by calculating distortions in three levels and multiscale sampling between original images and compressed images. The MSMLD method not only has a better consistency with subjective perception values, but also shows the distortion features and visual quality of compressed image well. Secondly, some significant characteristics in spatial and wavelet domain that link well with quality criteria of MSMLD are chosen with multiple linear regression and used to establish a compression quality prediction model of MSMLD. Finally, the quality prediction model is extended to a wider range of compression ratios from 4 : 1 to 20 : 1 and tested with experiment. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of the proposed model is up to 98.33%, and its mean prediction error is less than state-of-the-art methods

Development and internal validation of a nine-lncRNA prognostic signature for prediction of overall survival in colorectal cancer patients

Background Colorectal cancer remains a serious public health problem due to the poor prognosis. In the present study, we attempted to develop and validate a prognostic signature to predict the individual mortality risk in colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods The original study datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The present study finally included 424 colorectal cancer patients with wholly gene expression information and overall survival information. Results A nine-lncRNA prognostic signature was built through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression model. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves in model cohort demonstrated that the Harrell’s concordance indexes of nine-lncRNA prognostic signature were 0.768 (95% CI [0.717–0.819]), 0.778 (95% CI [0.727–0.829]) and 0.870 (95% CI [0.819–0.921]) for 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival respectively. In validation cohort, the Harrell’s concordance indexes of nine-lncRNA prognostic signature were 0.761 (95% CI [0.710–0.812]), 0.801 (95% CI [0.750–0.852]) and 0.883 (95% CI [0.832–0.934]) for 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival respectively. According to the median of nine-lncRNA prognostic signature score in model cohort, 424 CRC patients could be stratified into high risk group (n = 212) and low risk group (n = 212). Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that the overall survival rate of high risk group was significantly lower than that of low risk group (P < 0.001). Discussion The present study developed and validated a nine-lncRNA prognostic signature for individual mortality risk assessment in colorectal cancer patients. This nine-lncRNA prognostic signature is helpful to evaluate the individual mortality risk and to improve the decision making of individualized treatments in colorectal cancer patients

Molecular simulation of shale gas adsorption in organic-matter nanopore

Shale gas is a kind of unconventional oil-gas resource with tremendous potential. For thorough understanding of the methane adsorption and micromechanism in organic-matter nanopores of the shale and better acquaintances of the occurrence form, graphite slit-pores were set up as a representation of organic-matter nanopores by using Material Studio, and the grand canonical Monte Carlo method, molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics were used for the simulation of adsorption and diffusion behaviors in organic-matter pores on CH4 and CO2 at the shale gas common burial depth of 2–4 km in the Upper Yangtze Plate. The results indicated that the adsorptions of CH4 and CO2 were physical and the optimal storage depth was 2 km; The mixed adsorption data showed the rationality of exploit shale gas by injecting CO2 to exchange CH4, and the optimal burial depth was 4 km; The relative density of CH4 and CO2 along the normal direction of the pore inwall showed a trend of symmetric distribution and apparent adsorption stratifications appeared. As a whole, the self-diffusion coefficient of CH4 and CO2 increased with the increase of burial depth, and it's consistent with the reasons for such changes of adsorption amount and adsorption heat. Keywords: Organic-matter pores, Adsorption, Diffusion, Carbon nanotube, Molecular simulation, Shale ga

A Motor-Driven and Computer Vision-Based Intelligent E-Trap for Monitoring Citrus Flies

Citrus flies are important quarantine pests in citrus plantations. Electronic traps (e-traps) based on computer vision are the most popular types of equipment for monitoring them. However, most current e-traps are inefficient and unreliable due to requiring manual operations and lack of reliable detection and identification algorithms of citrus fly images. To address these problems, this paper presents a monitoring scheme based on automatic e-traps and novel recognition algorithms. In this scheme, the prototype of an automatic motor-driven e-trap is firstly designed based on a yellow sticky trap. A motor autocontrol algorithm based on Local Binary Pattern (LBP) image analysis is proposed to automatically replace attractants in the e-trap for long-acting work. Furthermore, for efficient and reliable statistics of captured citrus flies, based on the differences between two successive sampling images of the e-trap, a simple and effective detection algorithm is presented to continuously detect the newly captured citrus flies from the collected images of the e-trap. Moreover, a Multi-Attention and Multi-Part convolutional neural Network (MAMPNet) is proposed to exploit discriminative local features of citrus fly images to recognize the citrus flies in the images. Finally, extensive simulation experiments validate the feasibility and efficiency of the designed e-trap prototype and its autocontrol algorithm, as well as the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed detection and recognition algorithms for citrus flies

Diagenetic controls on reservoir quality of tight sandstone: A case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang formation Chang 7 sandstones, Ordos Basin, China

Through a range of petrological techniques, the petrology, diagenesis, pore characteristics, and controlling factors on the regional variations of reservoir quality of the Chang 7 sandstones were studied. These sandstones, mainly arkoses, lithic arkoses, and feldspathic litharenites, were deposited in a delta front and turbidites in semi-deep to deep lacustrine. The detrital constituents were controlled by the provenance and sedimentary condition, which resulted in a spatially variable composition; e.g., high biotite and feldspar contents in the northeast (NE) of the study area, and high contents of rock fragments, especially dolomite, matrix, and quartz in the southwest (SW). Diagenesis includes intense mechanical compaction, cementation, and dissolution of unstable minerals. Diagenetic minerals which were derived internally include quartz, ankerite, ferrous calcite, albite, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite. Thus the original sandstone composition hadfirm control over the development and distribution of cement. Mechanical compaction and late-stage cementations contribute to the porosity loss of sandstones of Chang7 member. The dissolution porosity in major sandstone, slightly higher than primary porosity is principally dependent on the accessibility of acid fluid. The high content of plastic component facilitated the reduction of primary porosity and limited the mineral dissolution. The best reservoir sandstones are found in W, and partly from NE, M districts, with porosity are primary. The relatively high textural maturity of these sandstones reduces the impact of compaction on primary pores, and commonly existed chlorite rims limited the precipitation of pore filling quartz and carbonate cementation in late stage

Diagenetic controls on reservoir quality of tight sandstone: A case study of the Upper Triassic Yanchang formation Chang 7 sandstones, Ordos Basin, China

Through a range of petrological techniques, the petrology, diagenesis, pore characteristics, and controlling factors on the regional variations of reservoir quality of the Chang 7 sandstones were studied. These sandstones, mainly arkoses, lithic arkoses, and feldspathic litharenites, were deposited in a delta front and turbidites in semi-deep to deep lacustrine. The detrital constituents were controlled by the provenance and sedimentary condition, which resulted in a spatially variable composition; e.g., high biotite and feldspar contents in the northeast (NE) of the study area, and high contents of rock fragments, especially dolomite, matrix, and quartz in the southwest (SW). Diagenesis includes intense mechanical compaction, cementation, and dissolution of unstable minerals. Diagenetic minerals which were derived internally include quartz, ankerite, ferrous calcite, albite, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite. Thus the original sandstone composition hadfirm control over the development and distribution of cement. Mechanical compaction and late-stage cementations contribute to the porosity loss of sandstones of Chang7 member. The dissolution porosity in major sandstone, slightly higher than primary porosity is principally dependent on the accessibility of acid fluid. The high content of plastic component facilitated the reduction of primary porosity and limited the mineral dissolution. The best reservoir sandstones are found in W, and partly from NE, M districts, with porosity are primary. The relatively high textural maturity of these sandstones reduces the impact of compaction on primary pores, and commonly existed chlorite rims limited the precipitation of pore filling quartz and carbonate cementation in late stage.A través de una gama de técnicas petrológicas se estudió la petrología, la diagénesis, las características de poro y los factores que controlan las variaciones regionales de la calidad del yacimiento de las areniscas Chang 7. Estas areniscas, principalmente arcosas, arcosas líticas y arenitas líticas feldespáticas, se depositaron en un frente deltáico mientras las turbiditas se depositaron en ambientes lacustres profundos y semi-profundos. Los componentes detríticos dependen de la procedencia y la condición sedimentaria, lo que resultó en una composición variable en el espacio; por ejemplo, altos contenidos de biotita y feldespato en el noreste (NE) del área de estudio, y altos contenidos de fragmentos de roca, especialmente dolomita, matriz y cuarzo en el suroeste (SW). La diagénesis incluye compactación mecánica intensa, cementación y disolución de minerales inestables. Los minerales diagenéticos que se derivaron internamente incluyen cuarzo, ankerita, calcita ferrosa, albita, illita, caolinita y clorita. Por lo tanto, la composición original de arenisca tenía un firme control sobre el desarrollo y la distribución del cemento. La compactación mecánica y las cementaciones de la última etapa contribuyen a la pérdida de porosidad de las areniscas del miembro Chang7. La porosidad de disolución en la piedra arenisca principal, ligeramente más alta que la porosidad primaria, depende principalmente de la accesibilidad del fluido ácido. El alto contenido de componentes plásticos facilitó la reducción de la porosidad primaria y limitó la disolución del mineral. Las mejores areniscas de yacimiento se encuentran en los distritos Occidental, y en parte de los distritos Noroeste y Medio, con niveles primarios de porosidad. La madurez textural relativamente alta de estas areniscas reduce el impacto de la compactación en los poros primarios, y los bordes de clorito comúnmente existentes limitaron la precipitación del cuarzo de llenado de poros y la cementación de carbonato en la etapa tardía