95 research outputs found
A New Kind of Graded Lie Algebra and Parastatistical Supersymmetry
In this paper the usual graded Lie algebra is generalized to a new
form, which may be called graded Lie algebra. It is shown that there
exists close connections between the graded Lie algebra and
parastatistics, so the can be used to study and analyse various
symmetries and supersymmetries of the paraparticle systems
Quantum interference between non-identical single particles
Quantum interference between identical single particles reveals the intrinsic
quantum statistic nature of particles, which could not be interpreted through
classical physics. Here, we demonstrate quantum interference between
non-identical bosons using a generalized beam splitter based on a quantum
memory. The Hong-Ou-Mandel type interference between single photons and single
magnons with high visibility is demonstrated, and the crossover from the
bosonic to fermionic quantum statistics is observed by tuning the beam splitter
to be non-Hermitian. Moreover, multi-particle interference that simulates the
behavior of three fermions by three input photons is realized. Our work extends
the understanding of the quantum interference effects and demonstrates a
versatile experimental platform for studying and engineering quantum statistics
of particles.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Molecular Ecology of Pyrethroid Knockdown Resistance in Culex pipiens pallens Mosquitoes
Pyrethroid insecticides have been extensively used in China and worldwide for public health pest control. Accurate resistance monitoring is essential to guide the rational use of insecticides and resistance management. Here we examined the nucleotide diversity of the para-sodium channel gene, which confers knockdown resistance (kdr) in Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes in China. The sequence analysis of the para-sodium channel gene identified L1014F and L1014S mutations. We developed and validated allele-specific PCR and the real-time TaqMan methods for resistance diagnosis. The real-time TaqMan method is more superior to the allele-specific PCR method as evidenced by higher amplification rate and better sensitivity and specificity. Significant positive correlation between kdr allele frequency and bioassay-based resistance phenotype demonstrates that the frequency of L1014F and L1014S mutations in the kdr gene can be used as a molecular marker for deltamethrin resistance monitoring in natural Cx. pipiens pallens populations in the East China region. The laboratory selection experiment found that L1014F mutation frequency, but not L1014S mutation, responded to deltamethrin selection, suggesting that the L1014F mutation is the key mutation conferring resistance to deltamethrin. High L1014F mutation frequency detected in six populations of Cx. pipens pallens suggests high prevalence of pyrethroid resistance in Eastern China, calling for further surveys to map the resistance in China and for investigating alternative mosquito control strategies
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