A repairing missing activities approach with succession relation for event logs

In the field of process mining, it is worth noting that process mining techniques assume that the resulting event logs can not only continuously record the occurrence of events but also contain all event data. However, like in IoT systems, data transmission may fail due to weak signal or resource competition, which causes the company’s information system to be unable to keep a complete event log. Based on a incomplete event log, the process model obtained by using existing process mining technologies is deviated from actual business process to a certain degree. In this paper, we propose a method for repairing missing activities based on succession relation of activities from event logs. We use an activity relation matrix to represent the event log and cluster it. The number of traces in the cluster is used as a measure of similarity calculation between incomplete traces and cluster results. Parallel activities in selecting pre-occurrence and post-occurrence activities of missing activities from incomplete traces are considered. Experimental results on real-life event logs show that our approach performs better than previous method in repairing missing activities.N/

Novel clinical presentation and PAX6 mutation in families with congenital aniridia

PurposeTo explore the clinical phenotype and genetic defects of families with congenital aniridia.MethodsFour Chinese families with aniridia were enrolled in this study. The detailed ocular presentations of the patients were recorded. Whole exome sequencing (BGI MGIEasy V4 chip) was used to detect the gene mutation. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the potential pathogenic variants, and segregation analysis was performed on all available family members.ResultsBy whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing, three recurrent mutations (c.112del, p.Arg38Glyfs*16; c.299G > A, p.Trp100* and c.718C > T, p.Arg240*) and one novel mutation (c.278_281del, p.Glu93Alafs*30) of PAX6 were identified. All the mutations were co-segregated with the phenotype in the families. We also observed spontaneous anterior lens capsule rupture in aniridia for the first time.ConclusionWe report spontaneous anterior lens capsule rupture as a novel phenotype of aniridia and three recurrent mutations and one novel mutation of PAX6 in families with aniridia. Our results expanded the phenotype and genotype spectra of aniridia and can help us better understand the disease

Gp91phox (NOX2) in Activated Microglia Exacerbates Neuronal Damage Induced by Oxygen Glucose Deprivation and Hyperglycemia in an in Vitro Model

Background/Aims: Peri-operative cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury is one of the most serious peri-operative complications that can be aggravated in patients with diabetes. A previous study showed that microglia NOX2 (a NADPH oxidase enzyme) may play an important role in this process. Here, we investigated whether increased microglial derived gp91phox, also known as NOX2, reduced oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) after induction of hyperglycemia (HG). Methods: A rat neuronal-microglial in vitro co-culture model was used to determine the effects of gp91phox knockdown on OGD after HG using six treatment groups: A rat microglia and neuron co-culture model was established and divided into the following six groups: high glucose + scrambled siRNA transfection (HG, n = 5); HG + gp91phoxsiRNA transfection (HG-gp91siRNA, n = 5); oxygen glucose deprivation + scrambled siRNA transfection (OGD, n = 5); OGD + gp91phoxsiRNA transfection (OGD-gp91siRNA, n = 5); HG + OGD + scrambled siRNA transfection (HG-OGD, n = 5); and HG + OGD + gp91phoxsiRNA transfection (HG-OGD-gp91siRNA, n = 5). The neuronal survival rate was measured by the MTT assay, while western blotting was used to determine gp91phox expression. Microglial derived ROS and neuronal apoptosis rates were analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, the secretion of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and 8-iso-PGF2α was determined using an ELISA kit. Results: Neuronal survival rates were significantly decreased by HG and OGD, while knockdown of gp91phox reversed these rates. ROS production and cytokine secretion were also significantly increased by HG and OGD but were significantly inhibited by knockdown of gp91phoxsiRNA. Conclusion: Knockdown of gp91phoxsiRNA significantly reduced oxidative stress and the inflammatory response, and alleviated neuronal damage after HG and OGD treatment in a rat neuronal-microglial co-culture model

Exploring atherosclerosis imaging with contrast-enhanced MRI using PEGylated ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles

Plaque rupture is a critical concern due to its potential for severe outcomes such as cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction, underscoring the urgency of noninvasive early diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained prominence in plaque imaging, leveraging its noninvasiveness, high spatial resolution, and lack of ionizing radiation. Ultrasmall iron oxides, when modified with polyethylene glycol, exhibit prolonged blood circulation and passive targeting toward plaque sites, rendering them conducive for MRI. In this study, we synthesized ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles of approximately 3 nm via high-temperature thermal decomposition. Subsequent surface modification facilitated the creation of a dual-modality magnetic resonance/fluorescence probe. Upon intravenous administration of the probes, MRI assessment of atherosclerotic plaques and diagnostic evaluation were conducted. The application of Flash-3D sequence imaging revealed vascular constriction at lesion sites, accompanied by a gradual signal amplification postprobe injection. T1-weighted imaging of the carotid artery unveiled a progressive signal ratio increase between plaques and controls within 72 h post-administration. Fluorescence imaging of isolated carotid arteries exhibited incremental lesion-to-control signal ratios. Additionally, T1 imaging of the aorta demonstrated an evolving signal enhancement over 48 h. Therefore, the ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles hold immense promise for early and noninvasive diagnosis of plaques, providing an avenue for dynamic evaluation over an extended time frame

Association between Long-Term Changes in Dietary Percentage of Energy from Fat and Obesity: Evidence from over 20 Years of Longitudinal Data

Objectives: This study assessed the associations between long-term trajectories of percentage of energy from fat (PEF) and obesity among Chinese adults. Methods: Longitudinal data collected by the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1991 to 2015 were analyzed. A body mass index ≥28.0 was defined as general obesity. Participants’ baseline PEF levels were categorized as lower than the recommendation of the Chinese Dietary Guideline (20%), meeting the recommendation (20−30%), and higher than the recommendation (>30%). Patterns of PEF trajectories were identified by latent class trajectory analysis for overall participants and participants in different baseline PEF groups, respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression models with shared frailty were used to estimate associations between PEF and obesity. Results: Data on 13,025 participants with 72,191 visits were analyzed. Four patterns of PEF trajectory were identified for overall participants and participants in three different baseline PEF groups, respectively. Among overall participants, compared with “Baseline Low then Increase Pattern” (from 12% to 20%), participants with “Baseline Normal-Low then Increase-to-High Pattern” (from 20% to 32%) had a higher hazard of obesity (hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confident interval (CI) at 1.18 (1.01−1.37)). Compared with the “Stable Pattern” group (stable at around 18% and 22%, respectively), participants with “Sudden-Increase Pattern” (from 18% to 30%) in the baseline group whose PEF levels were lower than the recommendation and those with “Sudden-Increase then Decrease Pattern” (rapidly increased from 25% to 40%, and then decreased) in the baseline group who met the recommendation had higher hazards of obesity (HRs and 95% CIs being 1.65 (1.13−2.41) and 1.59 (1.03−2.46), respectively). Conclusions: Adults with a trajectory that involved a sudden increase to a high-level PEF had a higher risk of general obesity. People should avoid increasing PEF suddenly

Non-metallic gold nanoclusters for oxygen activation and aerobic oxidation

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Non-metallic gold nanoclusters for oxygen activation and aerobic oxidation

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Ship detection and classification based on cascaded detection of hull and wake from optical satellite remote sensing imagery

Satellite remote-sensing provides a cost- and time-effective tool for ship monitoring at sea. Most existing approaches focused on extraction of ship locations using either hull or wake. In this paper, a method of cascaded detection of ship hull and wake was proposed to locate and classify ships using high-resolution satellite imagery. Candidate hulls were fast located through phase spectrum of Fourier transform. A hull refining module was then executed to acquire accurate shapes of candidate hull. False alarms were removed through the shape features and textures of candidate hulls. The probability that a candidate hull is determined as a real one increased with the presence of wakes. After true ships were determined, ship classification was conducted using a fuzzy classifier combining both hull and wake information. The proposed method was implemented to Gaofen-1 panchromatic and multispectral (PMS) imagery and showed good performance for ship detection with recall, precision, overall accuracy, and specificity of 90.1%, 88.1%, 98.8%, and 99.3%, respectively, better than other state-of-the-art coarse-to-fine ship detection methods. Ship classification was successfully achieved for ships with detected wakes. The accuracy of correct classification was 83.8% while the proportion of false classification was 1.0%. Factors influencing the accuracy of the developed method, including texture features and classifiers combination and key parameters of the method, were also discussed

Yarn-Dyed Fabric Defect Detection Based On Autocorrelation Function And GLCM

In this study, a new detection algorithm for yarn-dyed fabric defect based on autocorrelation function and grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is put forward. First, autocorrelation function is used to determine the pattern period of yarn-dyed fabric and according to this, the size of detection window can be obtained. Second, GLCMs are calculated with the specified parameters to characterise the original image. Third, Euclidean distances of GLCMs between being detected images and template image, which is selected from the defect-free fabric, are computed and then the threshold value is given to realise the defect detection. Experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this study can achieve accurate detection of common defects of yarn-dyed fabric, such as the wrong weft, weft crackiness, stretched warp, oil stain and holes