POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GUT FLORA DIVERSITY IN COPTOTERMES GESTROI IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

The establishment and application of a dual Nano-PCR detection method for feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus type I

Feline calicivirus (FCV) and Feline herpesvirus type I (FHV-I) are the main pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections in cats, and some wild animals. These two viruses always coinfection and cause serious harm to pet industry and wild animals protection. Established a rapid and accurate differential diagnosis method is crucial for prevention and control of disease, however, the current main detection method for these two viruses, either is low sensitivity (immunochromatographic strip), or is time-consuming and cannot differential diagnosis (conventional single PCR). Nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (Nano-PCR) is a recently developed technique for rapid detection method of virus and bacteria. In this study, we described a dual Nano-PCR assay through combining the nanotechnology and PCR technology, which for the clinical simultaneous detection of FCV and FHV-I and differential diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infections in cats or other animals. Under optimized conditions, the optimal annealing temperature for dual Nano-PCR was 51.5°C, and specificity test results showed it had no cross reactivity to related virus, such as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), feline Infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and rabies virus (RABV). Furthermore, the detection limit of dual Nano-PCR for FCV and FHV-I both were 1 × 10−8 ng/μL, convert to number of copies of virus DNA was 6.22 × 103copies/μL (FCV) and 2.81 × 103copies/μL (FHV-I), respectively. The dual Nano-PCR detected result of 52 cat clinical samples, including ocular, nasal and faecal swabs, and (3 FCV-positive samples), was consistent with ordinary PCR and the clinical detection results. The dual Nano-PCR method established in this study with strong specificity and high sensitivity can be used for virus nucleic acid (FCV and FHV-I) detection of clinical samples of feline upper respiratory tract infections feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus while providing support for the early diagnosis of cats that infected by FCV and FHV-I

Nitrogen loss by anaerobic ammonium oxidation in a mangrove wetland of the Zhangjiang Estuary, China

Abstract(#br)Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), a microbial process in which NH 4 + is oxidized to N 2 gas, is considered a significant nitrogen cycle process, but its significance in mangrove wetland sediments, particularly its depth- and genus-specific distribution and activity have remained uncertain. Here we report the vertical distribution, abundance, activity and role of anammox bacteria in mangrove sediments of Zhangjiang Estuary, China. We used stable isotope-tracer techniques, 16S rRNA and anammox bacterial functional gene (Hydrazine synthase B: hzsB ) clone libraries and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, along with an assessment of nutrient profiles of sediment core samples. We observed a widespread occurrence of anammox bacteria at different depths of mangrove sediments. The abundance of anammox bacterial 16S rRNA and hzsB genes ranged from 0.41×10 7 to 9.74×10 7 and from 0.42×10 6 to 6.44×10 6 copies per gram of dry soil and peaked in the upper layer of mangrove sediments. We also verified the co-occurrence of different genera of anammox microorganisms in mangrove sediments, with Candidatus Scalindua and Candidatus Kuenenia being the dominant genera. Potential anammox rates ranged from 4.83 to 277.36 nmolN 2 ·g −1 ·d −1 at different depths of sediment cores, and the highest rates were found in the deeper layer (70–100cm) of mangrove sediments. Scaling our findings up to the entire mangrove system, we estimated that anammox hotspots accounted for a loss of 751 gN·m −2 ·y −1 , and contributed to over 12% of the nitrogen lost from the deeper layer of mangrove sediments in this region

Nitrogen loss by anaerobic ammonium oxidation in a mangrove wetland of the Zhangjiang Estuary, China.

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), a microbial process in which NH4+ is oxidized to N2 gas, is considered a significant nitrogen cycle process, but its significance in mangrove wetland sediments, particularly its depth- and genus-specific distribution and activity have remained uncertain. Here we report the vertical distribution, abundance, activity and role of anammox bacteria in mangrove sediments of Zhangjiang Estuary, China. We used stable isotope-tracer techniques, 16S rRNA and anammox bacterial functional gene (Hydrazine synthase B: hzsB) clone libraries and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays, along with an assessment of nutrient profiles of sediment core samples. We observed a widespread occurrence of anammox bacteria at different depths of mangrove sediments. The abundance of anammox bacterial 16S rRNA and hzsB genes ranged from 0.41×107 to 9.74×107 and from 0.42×106 to 6.44×106 copies per gram of dry soil and peaked in the upper layer of mangrove sediments. We also verified the co-occurrence of different genera of anammox microorganisms in mangrove sediments, with Candidatus Scalindua and Candidatus Kuenenia being the dominant genera. Potential anammox rates ranged from 4.83 to 277.36 nmolN2·g-1·d-1 at different depths of sediment cores, and the highest rates were found in the deeper layer (70-100cm) of mangrove sediments. Scaling our findings up to the entire mangrove system, we estimated that anammox hotspots accounted for a loss of 751 gN·m-2·y-1, and contributed to over 12% of the nitrogen lost from the deeper layer of mangrove sediments in this region

Study on coal seam physical characteristics and influence on stimulation: A case study of coal seams in zhengzhuang block

Coalbed Methane (CBM) is an unconventional form of natural gas which is self-generated and self-stored in coal seams. In order to realize the effective exploitation of CBM in Zhengzhuang block, microstructure, wettability, permeability, rock mechanics and in-situ stress of coal were studied in this research. It is found that high rank anthracite characterized by high vitrinite content and low inorganic mineral content, is abundant in CBM. More than 96% of inorganic minerals are clays dominated by kaolinite and illite. Various types of pores are developed on the coal. The wettability of coal differs from high to low to surface water, active water, and foam fracturing fluid; and contact angles of coal with active water and foam fracturing fluid decrease with the increase of burial depth. Gradients of fracture pressure and closure pressure in No.3 coal seam are higher than that of No.15 coal seam. The elastic modulus of coal is lower than that of sandstone. The construction curve of hydraulic fracturing shows that, when the construction flow rate and sand quantity are similar, the construction pressure of prepad in No.3 coal seam is lower than the pumping pressure of No.15 coal seam, but the propagated pressure is higher than that of No.15 coal seam. The drainage effect of No.3 coal seam with large pore volume, shallow burial depth and obvious fracture pressure is better than that of No.15 coal seam. The comprehensive understanding of coal physical properties and engineering practice in the block provide certain guiding significance to the CBM exploitation in Qinshui Basin

Acupuncture-related techniques for postoperative cognitive complications: a systemic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Postoperative cognitive complications are major challenges for postoperative recovery. Acupuncture-related techniques have been used for treating neurocognitive dysfunctions. However, whether they help to prevent postoperative cognitive complicationss remains unclear. We intend to evaluate the effect of acupuncture-related techniques on the incidence of postoperative cognitive complications (PCC) in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Methods Based on PRISMA guidelines, a search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed to identify eligible trials published from inception to June 6, 2021. The search was performed in June 2021. The inclusion criteria were prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials that compared acupuncture-related techniques with other techniques or non-acupuncture treatment in patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Pooled odds ratios (ORs), 95% CIs, and P values were estimated for end points using fixed and random effects statistical models. Results The analysis included 12 studies with 1058 patients. Compared with patients not receiving acupuncture, patients treated with acupuncture-related techniques had a lower incidence of PCCs (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.59; P < 0.001; n = 968) and lower levels of biomarkers, including IL-6, TNF-α, and S100β. Acupuncture with needles and without needles showed similar effects on the prevention of PCCs. The effects of acupuncture-related techniques on PCCs were observed in both English and non-English articles. Subgroup analyses showed that both agitation and/or delirium (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.76; P < 0.001; n = 490) and delayed cognitive recovery (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.51; P < 0.001; n = 478) were reduced after treatment with acupuncture-related techniques. In adult studies evaluating MMSE scores, the scores were not different between groups (SMD, − 0.71; 95% CI, − 1.72 to 0.3; P = 0.17; n = 441). Conclusions Acupuncture-related techniques, including needle techniques and electrical techniques, are associated with fewer postoperative cognitive complications, suggesting that acupuncture could be considered a potential option in the perioperative setting. Additional research is needed to develop higher-quality evidence and optimal regimens. Trial registration PROSPERO (CRD42021258378)

Model-Free Parallel Predictive Torque Control Based on Ultra-Local Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

The finite control set model predictive torque control (FCS-MPTC) selects the optimal voltage vector (VV) by the composite cost function composed of torque and flux error, which makes it have a faster dynamic response than conventional control methods. However, the prediction state error caused by machine parameter mismatch and the difficulty in setting the weight factor in the composite cost function seriously restrict the popularization and application of FCS-MPTC. In this paper, a model-free parallel predictive torque control (MF-PPTC) based on an ultra-local (UL) model is proposed to solve above problems. The UL model replaces the machine mathematical model without any machine parameters and only uses the input and output of the system, which greatly improves the robustness of the control system. The nonlinear extended state observer proposed for the unknown part of the system has fast convergence and improves the dynamic performance of the system. In addition, the conventional parallel predictive control structure is optimized to reduce the dynamic adjustment process during the selection of optimal voltage vector. Simulation and experimental comparison between the conventional PPTC and the proposed MF-PPTC verified the superiority of the proposed method

Model-Free Parallel Predictive Torque Control Based on Ultra-Local Model of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

The finite control set model predictive torque control (FCS-MPTC) selects the optimal voltage vector (VV) by the composite cost function composed of torque and flux error, which makes it have a faster dynamic response than conventional control methods. However, the prediction state error caused by machine parameter mismatch and the difficulty in setting the weight factor in the composite cost function seriously restrict the popularization and application of FCS-MPTC. In this paper, a model-free parallel predictive torque control (MF-PPTC) based on an ultra-local (UL) model is proposed to solve above problems. The UL model replaces the machine mathematical model without any machine parameters and only uses the input and output of the system, which greatly improves the robustness of the control system. The nonlinear extended state observer proposed for the unknown part of the system has fast convergence and improves the dynamic performance of the system. In addition, the conventional parallel predictive control structure is optimized to reduce the dynamic adjustment process during the selection of optimal voltage vector. Simulation and experimental comparison between the conventional PPTC and the proposed MF-PPTC verified the superiority of the proposed method