7,065 research outputs found
Mechanism of grain refinement of aluminium alloy in shear spinning under different deviation ratios
To investigate the grain refinement and its mechanism in shear spinning, microstructures of shear spun parts made by aluminium alloy under different deformation conditions, induced by different shear spinning deviation ratios, are studied. The results show that, after shear spinning, the microstructure is distributed symmetrically about a zone in sheet thickness defined as the neutral zone which is located between the inner surface and the middle plane of spun sheet thickness. Various deviation ratios in shear spinning can lead to grain refinement in different regions along thickness direction of the spun part. The microstructure characteristics indicate that the mechanism of grain refinement is due to the formation of deformation bands (DBs). It is observed that in DBs, parallel geometrically necessary boundaries (GNBs) formed by a zero deviation ratio and crossed GNBs formed by positive and negative deviation ratios are due to the different stress states induced by various deviation ratios in shear spinning. Due to the influence of grain refinement, micro hardness increases with the decreasing of the deviation ratio. The average value is increased by 16.04% under a negative deviation ratio compared to the initial micro hardness of the sheet
Above-threshold ionization photoelectron spectrum from quantum trajectory
Many nonlinear quantum phenomena of intense laser-atom physics can be
intuitively explained with the concept of trajectory. In this paper, Bohmian
mechanics (BM) is introduced to study a multiphoton process of atoms
interacting with the intense laser field: above-threshold ionization (ATI).
Quantum trajectory of an atomic electron in intense laser field is obtained
from the Bohm-Newton equation first and then the energy of the photoelectron is
gained from its trajectory. With energies of an ensemble of photoelectrons, we
obtain the ATI spectrum which is consistent with the previous theoretical and
experimental results. Comparing BM with the classical trajectory Monte-Carlo
method, we conclude that quantum potential may play a key role to reproduce the
spectrum of ATI. Our work may present a new approach to understanding quantum
phenomena in intense laser-atom physics with the image of trajectory.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Quantum Computation Based on Magic-Angle-Spinning Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is shown to be a promising technique for implementing quantum computing. The theory underlying the principles of quantum computing with nuclear spin systems undergoing MAS is formulated in the framework of formalized quantum Floquet theory. The procedures for realizing state labeling, state transformation and coherence selection in Floquet space are given. It suggests that by this method, the largest number of qubits can easily surpass that achievable with other techniques. Unlike other modalities proposed for quantum computing, this method enables one to adjust the dimension of the working state space, meaning the number of qubits can be readily varied. The universality of quantum computing in Floquet space with solid state NMR is discussed and a demonstrative experimental implementation of Grover's search is given
Lymphocyte apoptosis, macrophage function and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus
published_or_final_versio
Endothelial Cell Cortactin Phosphorylation by Src Contributes to Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Transmigration In Vitro
The underlying mechanisms that regulate leukocyte transendothelial migration through the vascular endothelium remain unclear. Cortactin is a substrate of Src tyrosine kinases and a regulator of cytoskeletal dynamics. Previous studies demonstrated a role for Src phosphorylation of cortactin in clustering of E-selectin and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 around adherent leukocytes. In the current study, we used an in vitro flow model to investigate the role of Src-induced cortactin phosphorylation in endothelium during polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transmigration through human umbilical vein endothelium (HUVEC) monolayers preactivated with tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}. Inhibition of Src in HUVEC using Src kinase inhibitors PP2 and SU6656 reduced PMN transmigration by 45±8% and 36±6%, respectively. Live cell imaging of green fluorescent proteinâtagged cortactin in HUVEC revealed redistribution of cortactin in the region surrounding transmigrating PMN. Knockdown of cortactin in HUVEC by small interfering RNA also impaired transmigration to a similar degree, and this phenotype was rescued by reexpression of wild-type cortactin. Analysis of the location of initial arrest and locomotion of PMN adherent to HUVEC demonstrated that inhibition of Src tyrosine kinases or pretreatment with cortactin small interfering RNA reduced PMN transmigration at endothelial cell-to-cell junctions and not adhesion. Tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin was important for transmigration, because expression of a mutant, in which the tyrosine phosphorylation sites were mutated to phenylalanine (cortactin3F), failed to rescue PMN transmigration. Moreover, expression of cortactin3F alone partially blocked PMN transmigration. These data suggest a model whereby tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin by Src family kinases regulates PMN transmigratio
An independent test of the photometric selection of white dwarf candidates using LAMOST DR3
In Gentile Fusillo et al. (2015) we developed a selection method for white
dwarf candidates which makes use of photometry, colours and proper motions to
calculate a probability of being a white dwarf (Pwd). The application of our
method to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 10 resulted in
nearly 66,000 photometrically selected objects with a derived Pwd,
approximately 21000 of which are high confidence white dwarf candidates. Here
we present an independent test of our selection method based on a sample of
spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs from the LAMOST (Large Sky Area
Multi-Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) survey. We do this by cross matching all
our 66,000 SDSS photometric white dwarf candidates with the over 4
million spectra available in the third data release of LAMOST. This results in
1673 white dwarf candidates with no previous SDSS spectroscopy, but with
available LAMOST spectra. Among these objects we identify 309 genuine white
dwarfs. We find that our Pwd can efficiently discriminate between confirmed
LAMOST white dwarfs and contaminants. Our white dwarf candidate selection
method can be applied to any multi-band photometric survey and in this work we
conclusively confirm its reliability in selecting white dwarfs without recourse
to spectroscopy. We also discuss the spectroscopic completeness of white dwarfs
in LAMOST, as well as deriving effective temperatures, surface gravities and
masses for the hydrogen-rich atmosphere white dwarfs in the newly identified
LAMOST sample.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The full
catalogue presented in table 4 is available at
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/catalogues/SDSS_WD_candidates_with_LAMOST_spectra.cs
Probing Spin-Flip Scattering in Ballistic Nanosystems
Because spin-flip length is longer than the electron mean-free path in a metal, past studies of spin-flip scattering are limited to the diffusive regime. We propose to use a magnetic double barrier tunnel junction to study spin-flip scattering in the nanometer sized spacer layer near the ballistic limit. We extract the voltage and temperature dependence of the spin-flip conductance Gs in the spacer layer from magnetoresistance measurements. In addition to spin scattering information including the mean-free path (70 nm) and the spin-flip length (1:0â2:6 m) at 4.2 K, this technique also yields information on the density of states and quantum well resonance in the spacer laye
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