Does Oline Video-Sharing Advertising Have Diffusion Gene?

Video-sharing is one of the most popular applications on the Internet, the development of which subverts the traditional information diffusion path. Online video-sharing advertising emerges quickly at the same time. Quick online video sharing and diffusing of advertising depend heavily on its presentation of entertainment content and its display format. This article classifies the entertainment content of online video-sharing advertising (VSA) into humor and funny content (HFC), focus event content (FEC), and sex and nudity content (SNC); and presents the display format of online VSA into real format and anthropomorphic format. Hence, this article has conducted a research on the possible relationship between these two factors and how they influence the effects of online video-sharing advertising. This experimental study confirms that entertainment content and display format are the most critical factors to audiences in sharing and diffusing the online VSA. It also finds out that if advertisers use HFC as the entertainment content of online VSA, the best display format of online VSA is the realistic format; and if advertisers use SNC as the entertainment content of online VSA, the best display format of online VSA is the anthropomorphic format

Design Guidelines of Printing Processes to Improve Electrical and Mechanical Properties for Haptics and Robotics

3D printing has been demonstrated as a mighty tool for fast prototyping in many fields. The fast reconfigurability, high repeatability and low cost enables itself to be accepted by everyone with general knowledge in engineering. That is, when the designs and process parameters are given, anyone would be able to simply perform the manufacturing processes. However, resulting from the immaturity of material tuning, tooling design and process control, when printing functional parts with special electrical or mechanical requirements, the printed workpieces are still not competitive comparing to the traditional works of manufacturing machines. In the desire of realizing printing as a production approach in professional applications, we propose this dissertation with guidelines from the hardware improvement in printers to the specific rules in modeling and printing toolpath designs in the fields of thin-film electronic devices, wearable haptic devices, and soft robotics. In the first work, we deposited silver inks with an inkjet printer for high-frequency inductive and capacitive components, which were combined into a pressure sensor to track liquid pressure with wireless readout. Then we turned our focus to extrusion printing with functional materials. For this exploration, a special hybrid printing system was build combining fused deposition modeling (FDM) and pneumatic extrusion printing, as well as functions in force tracking, shear force control and UV curing. The pneumatic printing apparatus was optimized to process an organic actuator material, liquid crystal elastomer (LCE), in order to control the mesogen alignment. As applications, incorporating with silver extrusion inks, two LCE haptic interfaces were demonstrated—including a tactile number-display surface and a kinesthetic glove. To demonstrate the application in robotics, soft LCE actuators and printed rigid exoskeleton parts were integrated into a self-sustained moving robot, which performs autonomous motion under constant light sources with a high payload-carrying ability. We also studied the actuation range of LCE with respect to the quantitive shear control during printing processes, which proved that printed LCE structures are advantageous in topological surface reconstruction. An example of human face model reconstructed by LCE was displayed, showing higher fidelity than other existing works. Details of all our works in the modifications to the printing setups and design rules of the fabricated devices are given in this dissertation, which provide guidelines not only in the flexible electro-mechanical devices we have been focusing on, but also inspirations to the researches in all the digital manufacturing fields as we wish

Design Guidelines of Printing Processes to Improve Electrical and Mechanical Properties for Haptics and Robotics

3D printing has been demonstrated as a mighty tool for fast prototyping in many fields. The fast reconfigurability, high repeatability and low cost enables itself to be accepted by everyone with general knowledge in engineering. That is, when the designs and process parameters are given, anyone would be able to simply perform the manufacturing processes. However, resulting from the immaturity of material tuning, tooling design and process control, when printing functional parts with special electrical or mechanical requirements, the printed workpieces are still not competitive comparing to the traditional works of manufacturing machines. In the desire of realizing printing as a production approach in professional applications, we propose this dissertation with guidelines from the hardware improvement in printers to the specific rules in modeling and printing toolpath designs in the fields of thin-film electronic devices, wearable haptic devices, and soft robotics. In the first work, we deposited silver inks with an inkjet printer for high-frequency inductive and capacitive components, which were combined into a pressure sensor to track liquid pressure with wireless readout. Then we turned our focus to extrusion printing with functional materials. For this exploration, a special hybrid printing system was build combining fused deposition modeling (FDM) and pneumatic extrusion printing, as well as functions in force tracking, shear force control and UV curing. The pneumatic printing apparatus was optimized to process an organic actuator material, liquid crystal elastomer (LCE), in order to control the mesogen alignment. As applications, incorporating with silver extrusion inks, two LCE haptic interfaces were demonstrated—including a tactile number-display surface and a kinesthetic glove. To demonstrate the application in robotics, soft LCE actuators and printed rigid exoskeleton parts were integrated into a self-sustained moving robot, which performs autonomous motion under constant light sources with a high payload-carrying ability. We also studied the actuation range of LCE with respect to the quantitive shear control during printing processes, which proved that printed LCE structures are advantageous in topological surface reconstruction. An example of human face model reconstructed by LCE was displayed, showing higher fidelity than other existing works. Details of all our works in the modifications to the printing setups and design rules of the fabricated devices are given in this dissertation, which provide guidelines not only in the flexible electro-mechanical devices we have been focusing on, but also inspirations to the researches in all the digital manufacturing fields as we wish

Self‐Sustained Robots Based on Functionally Graded Elastomeric Actuators Carrying up to 22 Times Their Body Weight

A biomimetic strategy of combining soft actuators with an exoskeleton is applied to create untethered, self‐sustained robots with high load capacity, applicable for transportation in unsupervised environments. The soft actuation components are based on liquid crystal elastomers formed into functionally graded structures by extrusion printing, which enables a high free strain of 45.5%. The robot design includes a self‐sustained oscillation mechanism incorporating a novel, highly elastic spring for energy storage and impulse release. The arthropod‐inspired exoskeleton structures are printed from polycarbonate with high strength to increase the load‐carrying capacity, or to increase moving speed by a lever mechanism that amplifies the stepping distance up to eight times. The robot achieves self‐sustained locomotion, harvesting constant infrared radiation for continual power. Leveraging the strength of the exoskeleton and the high stress of the actuator, the robot transports a load 22 times its body weight. It is capable of climbing up a slope of 40° and moving up to a quarter of its body length per minute with peripheral lever legs. The robot operation does not require external signaling controls or complex electronics, demonstrating the potential of this battery‐free, scalable, environment‐powered design with an unlimited range free from tethering constraints

Self-Sustained Robots Based on Functionally Graded Elastomeric Actuators Carrying up to 22 Times Their Body Weight

A biomimetic strategy of combining soft actuators with an exoskeleton is applied to create untethered, self‐sustained robots with high load capacity, applicable for transportation in unsupervised environments. The soft actuation components are based on liquid crystal elastomers formed into functionally graded structures by extrusion printing, which enables a high free strain of 45.5%. The robot design includes a self‐sustained oscillation mechanism incorporating a novel, highly elastic spring for energy storage and impulse release. The arthropod‐inspired exoskeleton structures are printed from polycarbonate with high strength to increase the load‐carrying capacity, or to increase moving speed by a lever mechanism that amplifies the stepping distance up to eight times. The robot achieves self‐sustained locomotion, harvesting constant infrared radiation for continual power. Leveraging the strength of the exoskeleton and the high stress of the actuator, the robot transports a load 22 times its body weight. It is capable of climbing up a slope of 40° and moving up to a quarter of its body length per minute with peripheral lever legs. The robot operation does not require external signaling controls or complex electronics, demonstrating the potential of this battery‐free, scalable, environment‐powered design with an unlimited range free from tethering constraints

Emerging Design and Characterization Guidelines for Polymer-Based Infrared Photodetectors.

Infrared photodetectors are essential to many applications, including surveillance, communications, process monitoring, and biological imaging. The short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral region (λ = 1-3 μm) is particularly powerful for health monitoring and medical diagnostics because biological tissues show low absorbance and minimal SWIR autofluorescence, enabling greater penetration depth and improved resolution in comparison with visible light. However, current SWIR photodetection technologies are largely based on epitaxially grown inorganic semiconductors, which are costly, require complex processing, and impose cooling requirements incompatible with wearable electronics. Solution-processable semiconductors are being developed for infrared detectors to enable low-cost direct deposition and facilitate monolithic integration and resolution not achievable using current technologies. In particular, organic semiconductors offer numerous advantages, including large-area and conformal coverage, temperature insensitivity, and biocompatibility, for enabling ubiquitous SWIR optoelectronics. This Account introduces recent efforts to advance the spectral response of organic photodetectors into the SWIR. High-performance visible to near-infrared (NIR) organic photodetectors have been demonstrated by leveraging the wealth of knowledge from organic solar cell research in the past decade. On the other hand, organic semiconductors that absorb in the SWIR are just emerging, and only a few organic materials have been reported that exhibit photocurrent past 1 μm. In this Account, we survey novel SWIR molecules and polymers and discuss the main bottlenecks associated with charge recombination and trapping, which are more challenging to address in narrow-band-gap photodetectors in comparison with devices operating in the visible to NIR. As we call attention to discrepancies in the literature regarding performance metrics, we share our perspective on potential pitfalls that may lead to overestimated values, with particular attention to the detectivity (signal-to-noise ratio) and temporal characteristics, in order to ensure a fair comparison of device performance. As progress is made toward overcoming challenges associated with losses due to recombination and increasing noise at progressively narrower band gaps, the performance of organic SWIR photodetectors is steadily rising, with detectivity exceeding 1011 Jones, comparable to that of commercial germanium photodiodes. Organic SWIR photodetectors can be incorporated into wearable physiological monitors and SWIR spectroscopic imagers that enable compositional analysis. A wide range of potential applications include food and water quality monitoring, medical and biological studies, industrial process inspection, and environmental surveillance. There are exciting opportunities for low-cost organic SWIR technologies to be as widely deployable and affordable as today's ubiquitous cell phone cameras operating in the visible, which will serve as an empowering tool for users to discover information in the SWIR and inspire new use cases and applications