Analysis of the phenotypic variability of some varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) to improve the efficiency of performance under the constraining conditions of semiarid environments

The experiment was conducted during three growing seasons and two planting dates. The cultivation site is placed at the ITGC Setif characterized by a semi-arid environment. The objective of the study is the analysis of phenotypic variability of traits measured for 15 varieties of durum wheat, through the average effects, to decline the ways, characters and varieties could play in favour of performance under the constraining semi-arid conditions. The year effect indicates that given the difficulty of predicting the performance enabled by years, it then makes sense to go straight for this performance within genotypes. Analysis of the effect genotype highlights characters connected to performance and is the Setifis variety that lends itself well. For the effect of sowing date, it is that early sowing promotes a better expression of the characteristics compared to late sowing.Keywords: Effect; genotype; year; date; variation; character

Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications

The purpose of this study was to classify breast carcinomas based on variations in gene expression patterns derived from cDNA microarrays and to correlate tumor characteristics to clinical outcome. A total of 85 cDNA microarray experiments representing 78 cancers, three fibroadenomas, and four normal breast tissues were analyzed by hierarchical clustering. As reported previously, the cancers could be classified into a basal epithelial-like group, an ERBB2-overexpressing group and a normal breast-like group based on variations in gene expression. A novel finding was that the previously characterized luminal epithelial/estrogen receptor-positive group could be divided into at least two subgroups, each with a distinctive expression profile. These subtypes proved to be reasonably robust by clustering using two different gene sets: first, a set of 456 cDNA clones previously selected to reflect intrinsic properties of the tumors and, second, a gene set that highly correlated with patient outcome. Survival analyses on a subcohort of patients with locally advanced breast cancer uniformly treated in a prospective study showed significantly different outcomes for the patients belonging to the various groups, including a poor prognosis for the basal-like subtype and a significant difference in outcome for the two estrogen receptor-positive groups

Breast Cancer

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality. Despite significant advances in treatment of breast cancer a substantial proportion of women affected by this disease succumb to it. Survival of patients with advanced disease, chemoresistant tumors or a suboptimal response to endocrine therapy is significantly shortened. Hence, further understanding of disease pathogenesis is required to enhance the arsenal of approaches to cure this deadly ailment. Recent advances in biochemistry, molecular cell biology and cancer research highlighted the importance of dysregulation of protein synthesis, translation, in the development and progression of tumors. This dysregulation appears to take place at an early stage of translation, called translation initiation, that is a highly controlled and rate-limiting step of the protein synthesis. In this chapter we summarize decades of knowledge accumulated in regards to the role of translation and its regulation in the development and progression of breast cancer. We then extensively discuss applications of this knowledge in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.SCOPUS: ch.binfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe