A Novel Multi-Effect Photosensitizer for Tumor Destruction via Multimodal Imaging Guided Synergistic Cancer Phototherapy

Kunhui Sun,1,2,* Bing Wang,2,* Mengnan Li,2 Yanli Ge,1 Lijun An,2 Duanna Zeng,2 Yuhan Shen,1 Ping Wang,2 Meifang Li,2 Xuelei Hu,1 Xie-An Yu1,2 1Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2NMPA Key Laboratory for Bioequivalence Research of Generic Drug Evaluation, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yanli Ge; Xie-An Yu, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: How to ingeniously design multi-effect photosensitizers (PSs), including multimodal imaging and multi-channel therapy, is of great significance for highly spatiotemporal controllable precise phototherapy of malignant tumors.Methods: Herein, a novel multifunctional zinc(II) phthalocyanine-based planar micromolecule amphiphile (ZnPc 1) was successfully designed and synthesized, in which N atom with photoinduced electron transfer effect was introduced to enhance the near-infrared absorbance and nonradiative heat generation. After simple self-assembling into nanoparticles (NPs), ZnPc 1 NPs would exhibit enhanced multimodal imaging properties including fluorescence (FL) imaging (FLI) /photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) /infrared (IR) thermal imaging, which was further used to guide the combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT).Results: It was that under the self-guidance of the multimodal imaging, ZnPc 1 NPs could precisely pinpoint the tumor from the vertical and horizontal boundaries achieving highly efficient and accurate treatment of cancer.Conclusion: Accordingly, the integration of FL/PA/IR multimodal imaging and PDT/PTT synergistic therapy pathway into one ZnPc 1 could provide a blueprint for the next generation of phototherapy, which offered a new paradigm for the integration of diagnosis and treatment in tumor and a promising prospect for precise cancer therapy. Keywords: multimodality imaging guided synergistic cancer phototherapy, FL/PA/IR multimodal imaging, PDT/PTT dual synergistic therapy pathway, Zn phthalocyanine derivan

Combination of rehydrated sodium caseinate aqueous solution with blackcurrant concentrate and the formation of encapsulates via spray drying and freeze drying: Alterations to the functional properties of protein

The practical applications of protein ingredients in the preservation of bioactive compounds are of research interest. In this study, an aqueous solution of sodium caseinate was combined with blackcurrant concentrate to produce novel protein ingredients using spray-drying and freeze-drying techniques. High-performance liquid chromatography results showed that both spray-drying and freeze-drying strategies effectively delivered the anthocyanins of blackcurrant concentrate. Cyanidin and delphinidin contents in spray-dried samples 71.39 ± 1.07 μg/g and 83.55 ± 1.04 μg/g, respectively, while in the freeze-dried sample, cyanidin and delphinidin contents were at 53.61 ± 0.13 μg/g and 59.55 ± 0.54 μg/g, respectively. The physical and functional properties of sodium caseinate ingredients were altered by both drying strategies and also through the addition of blackcurrant concentrate. Drying processes influenced the shape and size of particles, and ultimately altered the rehydration properties of the protein ingredients. The inclusion of blackcurrant concentrate for sodium caseinate ingredients and the spray-and freeze-drying strategies altered the physical properties (particle size distribution, bulk density, and morphology), functional properties (water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, foamability, and foam stability), and nutritional values of sodium caseinate ingredients, providing new options for the development and innovation of food products. Novelty impact statement: The research is novel in generating sodium caseinate-based blackcurrant concentrate encapsulates by spray-drying and freeze-drying. This research advances current understanding by illustrating the modifications in protein functional properties, while maintaining bioactivity. The research could be applied in generating novel food systems for health enhancement

Multi-scale simulation of the 1,3-butadiene extraction separation process with an ionic liquid additive

A multi-scale simulation method is proposed to enable screening of ionic liquids (ILs) as entrainers in extractive distillation. The 1,3-butadiene production process with acetonitrile (ACN) was chosen as a research case to validate the feasibility of the methodology. Ab initio calculations were first carried out to further understand the influence of ionic liquids on the selectivity of ACN and the solubility of C(4) fractions in [C(n)MIM][PF(6)](n = 2-8), [C(2)MIM][X] (X = BF(4)(-), Cl(-), PF(6)(-), Br(-)), by investigating the microstructure and intermolecular interaction in the mixture of C(4) fractions and several selected ionic liquids. It was found that the selectivity of the ionic liquid is determined by both its polarity and hydrogen-bonding ability. Based on the analysis, a suitable ionic liquid was chosen. With the ab initio calculation, a priori prediction of thermophysical data of the IL-containing system was performed with COSMO-RS. The calculation revealed that the selectivity of the extractive solvent was increased by an average of 3.64% after adding [C(2)MIM][PF(6)]. With above calculations, an improved ACN extraction distillation process using ILs as an entrainer was proposed, and a configuration for the new process was constructed. Based on the established thermodynamic models which have considered the properties from the molecular structure of ILs, process simulation was performed to obtain the process parameters which are important for the new process design. The simulation results indicated that the temperatures at the bottom of the extractive distillation column with the ionic liquid as an additive are lowered by an average of 3.1 degrees C, which is significant for inhibition of polymerization. We show that the ACN consumption using this process can be lowered by 24%, and the energy consumption can likewise be lowered by 6.62%

Charge effect in secondary electron emission from silicon surface induced by slow neon ions

<span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">Total electron emission yield for impact of slow Neq+(q = 2, 4, 6, 8) ions with various kinetic energy under normal incidence on n-type Si has been measured. It is shown that for the same charge state, the total electron yield gamma increases linearly as the kinetic energy of projectile at impact increases, up to velocities corresponding to the &quot;classical&quot; threshold. Separation of kinetic electron yield gamma(KE) and potential electron yield gamma(PE) shows that gamma(PE) is proportional to the ion charge state and gamma(KE) increases linearly with projectile velocity. Finally, based on &quot;single hole without hopping&quot; hypothesis, the expression of the &quot;CRF&quot; F(q) is given, and the relation between gamma(KE) and q is obtained successfully for the first time, which is also a basis for judging whether the &quot;trampoline effect&quot; exists.</span

Temperature-dependent reversible and irreversible processes in Nb-doped PbZrO3 relaxor ferroelectric thin films

2015-2016 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe