1,527 research outputs found
Electronic Phase Separation in Manganite/Insulator Interfaces
By using a realist microscopic model, we study the electric and magnetic
properties of the interface between a half metallic manganite and an insulator.
We find that the lack of carriers at the interface debilitates the double
exchange mechanism, weakening the ferromagnetic coupling between the Mn ions.
In this situation the ferromagnetic order of the Mn spins near the interface is
unstable against antiferromagnetic CE correlations, and a separation between
ferromagnetic/metallic and antiferromagnetic/insulator phases at the interfaces
can occur. We obtain that the insertion of extra layers of undoped manganite at
the interface introduces extra carriers which reinforce the double exchange
mechanism and suppress antiferromagnetic instabilities.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures include
A new Bloch period for interacting cold atoms in 1D optical lattices
The paper studies Bloch oscillations of ultracold atoms in optical lattice in
the presence of atom-atom interaction. A new, interaction-induced Bloch period
is identified. The analytical results are corroborated by realistic numerical
calculations.Comment: revtex4, 4 pages, 4 figures, gzipped tar fil
Thermoelastic Damping in Micro- and Nano-Mechanical Systems
The importance of thermoelastic damping as a fundamental dissipation
mechanism for small-scale mechanical resonators is evaluated in light of recent
efforts to design high-Q micrometer- and nanometer-scale electro-mechanical
systems (MEMS and NEMS). The equations of linear thermoelasticity are used to
give a simple derivation for thermoelastic damping of small flexural vibrations
in thin beams. It is shown that Zener's well-known approximation by a
Lorentzian with a single thermal relaxation time slightly deviates from the
exact expression.Comment: 10 pages. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Bloch Oscillation under a Bichromatic Laser: Quasi-Miniband Formation, Collapse, and Dynamical Delocalization and Localization
A novel DC and AC driving configuration is proposed for semiconductor
superlattices, in which the THz AC driving is provided by an intense
bichromatic cw laser. The two components of the laser, usually in the visible
light range, are near but not exactly resonant with interband Wannier-Stark
transitions, and their frequency difference equals the Wannier-Stark ladder
spacing. Multi-photon processes with the intermediate states in the conduction
(valence) band cause dynamical delocalization and localization of valence
(conduction) electrons, and the corresponding formation and collapse of the
quasi-minibands.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Dissipation in graphene and nanotube resonators
Different damping mechanisms in graphene nanoresonators are studied: charges
in the substrate, ohmic losses in the substrate and the graphene sheet,
breaking and healing of surface bonds (Velcro effect), two level systems,
attachment losses, and thermoelastic losses. We find that, for realistic
structures and contrary to semiconductor resonators, dissipation is dominated
by ohmic losses in the graphene layer and metallic gate. An extension of this
study to carbon nanotube-based resonators is presented.Comment: Published version with updated reference
Effect of magnetic state on the transition in iron: First-principle calculations of the Bain transformation path
Energetics of the fcc () - bcc () lattice transformation by
the Bain tetragonal deformation is calculated for both magnetically ordered and
paramagnetic (disordered local moment) states of iron. The first-principle
computational results manifest a relevance of the magnetic order in a scenario
of the - transition and reveal a special role of the Curie
temperature of -Fe, , where a character of the transformation is
changed. At a cooling down to the temperatures one can expect that
the transformation is developed as a lattice instability whereas for
it follows a standard mechanism of creation and growth of an embryo of the new
phase. It explains a closeness of to the temperature of start of the
martensitic transformation, .Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted in Phys. Rev. Letter
Dynamics of quantum phase transition: exact solution in quantum Ising model
Quantum Ising model is an exactly solvable model of quantum phase transition.
This paper gives an exact solution when the system is driven through the
critical point at finite rate. The evolution goes through a series of
Landau-Zener level anticrossings when pairs of quasiparticles with opposite
pseudomomenta get excited with probability depending on the transition rate.
Average density of defects excited in this way scales like a square root of the
transition rate. This scaling is the same as the scaling obtained when the
standard Kibble-Zurek mechanism of thermodynamic second order phase transitions
is applied to the quantum phase transition in the Ising model.Comment: misprints corrected; version to appear in Phys.Rev.Let
Atom interferometry with trapped Fermi gases
We realize an interferometer with an atomic Fermi gas trapped in an optical
lattice under the influence of gravity. The single-particle interference
between the eigenstates of the lattice results in macroscopic Bloch
oscillations of the sample. The absence of interactions between fermions allows
a time-resolved study of many periods of the oscillations, leading to a
sensitive determination of the acceleration of gravity. The experiment proves
the superiorness of non interacting fermions with respect to bosons for
precision interferometry, and offers a way for the measurement of forces with
microscopic spatial resolution.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Sufficiency Criterion for the Validity of the Adiabatic Approximation
We examine the quantitative condition which has been widely used as a
criterion for the adiabatic approximation but was recently found insufficient.
Our results indicate that the usual quantitative condition is sufficient for a
special class of quantum mechanical systems. For general systems, it may not be
sufficient, but it along with additional conditions is sufficient. The usual
quantitative condition and the additional conditions constitute a general
criterion for the validity of the adiabatic approximation, which is applicable
to all dimensional quantum systems. Moreover, we illustrate the use of the
general quantitative criterion in some physical models.Comment: 9 pages, no figure,appearing in PRL98(2007)15040
Quantum Annealing in the Transverse Ising Model
We introduce quantum fluctuations into the simulated annealing process of
optimization problems, aiming at faster convergence to the optimal state.
Quantum fluctuations cause transitions between states and thus play the same
role as thermal fluctuations in the conventional approach. The idea is tested
by the transverse Ising model, in which the transverse field is a function of
time similar to the temperature in the conventional method. The goal is to find
the ground state of the diagonal part of the Hamiltonian with high accuracy as
quickly as possible. We have solved the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation
numerically for small size systems with various exchange interactions.
Comparison with the results of the corresponding classical (thermal) method
reveals that the quantum annealing leads to the ground state with much larger
probability in almost all cases if we use the same annealing schedule.Comment: 15 pages, RevTeX, 8 figure
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