ANTIOXIDATIVE ROLE OF SODIUM SELENITE AGAINST THE TOXIC EFFECT OF HEAVY METALS (Cd+2, Cr+3) ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE BLOOD OF RAINBOW TROUT (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792)

WOS: 000260802000006There have been a considerable number of studies carried out on selenium metabolism in recent years. In most of these studies, selenium has been administered to experimental animals as a selenite ion (Se+4) at low concentrations. The aim of the present study was to determine hematological parameters, including total leukocyte number (WBC), erythrocyte number (RBC), hemoglobin amount (HGB) and hematocrit value (HCT), of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) following exposure to sodium selenite and heavy metals (Cd+2 and Cr+3). In addition, biochemical parameters, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase=SGOT; Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase), ALT (Alanine transaminase=SGPT; Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase), sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride were determined. The results reported here show that sodium selenite makes an important contribution to antioxidative defense in the rainbow trout. The ability of sodium selenite to protect against oxidative stress induced by heavy metals in fish was discussed.Inonu University Research Fund [BAP 2004/27]The Inonu University Research Fund (BAP 2004/27) is gratefully acknowledged for the support of this work

Effects of various propolis concentrations on biochemical and hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

WOS: 000270292200024PubMed ID: 19428108Biochemical and hematological parameters in blood of rainbow trout treated to various concentrations of propolis for 96 h were determined. Total leukocyte count and granulocytes values increased (p < 0.05) in 0.02 and 0.03 g/L propolis groups. There was a decrease in agranulocytes (p < 0.05) erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit values for fish exposed to 0.02 and 0.03 g/L propolis. MCV and MCH values (p < 0.05) were significantly increased; 0.02 and 0.03 g/L propolis caused an increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of glucose, blood urea nitrogen, triglyceride, total cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase and gamma glutamyltransferase. There was a decrease in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Hematological and biochemical protective effects of 0.01 g/L propolis were investigated. Dose-dependent effects of propolis on blood of fish can be favorable, opening new perspectives of investigation on their biological properties and utilization. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Nigde University Research Fund [FEB 2007/13]Nigde University Research Fund (FEB 2007/13) is gratefully acknowledged for support of this work

Antioxidative effects of novel synthetic organoselenium compound in rat lung and kidney

WOS: 000263762100036PubMed ID: 18222543The effects of environmental chemicals, drugs, and physical agents on the developing lung and kidney are influenced by the state of development and maturation. Selenium is an essential element with physiological nonenzymatic antioxidant properties. Therefore, we undertook the present study to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the novel synthetic organoselenium compounds (Se I and Se II). In this study, adult female Wistar rats were treated with DMBA and the novel organoselenium compounds [1-isopropyl-3-methylbenzimidazole-2-selenone (Se I) and 1,3-di-p-methoxybenzylpyrimidine-2-selenone (Se II)] in the determined doses. The protective effects of novel synthetic organoselenium compounds (Se I and Se II) against DMBA-induced changes in levels of some [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities and total glutathione (GSH), malonedialdehyde (MDA)] parameters in rat lung and kidney were investigated. As a result, it was found that both Se I and Se II had provided the antioxidant effects against DMBA-induced oxidative stress in rat lung and kidney and lipid peroxidation had also been decreased by these organoselenium compounds. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Technological and Scientific Research Council of Turkey TUBITAK [TBAG-2259, 102T185]We thank to Technological and Scientific Research Council of Turkey TUBITAK TBAG-2259 (102T185) for financial support of this work

Role of Propolis on Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity and Blood Pressure in Nitric Oxide Synthase-Inhibited Hypertensive Rats

WOS: 000308422300007PubMed ID: 22471835Reduction in the synthesis or bioavailability of nitric oxide plays a significant role in the development of hypertension. Propolis is a resinous product collected by honeybees from various plant sources. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of propolis on blood pressure (BP), TH, and total RNA levels in the adrenal medulla, heart, and hypothalamus tissues in chronic nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-inhibited rats by N-w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Rats received NOS inhibitor (L-NAME) for 15 days to produce hypertension and propolis for the last 5 days. TH activity and total RNA levels significantly increased in adrenal medulla, heart, and hypothalamus tissues in L-NAME-treated groups (P < .05). TH activity and total RNA levels of L-NAME+propolis-treated rats reduced (P < .05) compared with L-NAME-treated groups. TH activity in propolis-treated rats was reduced to the control values. L-NAME led to a significant increase in BP compared with the control group. Propolis administration to L-NAME-treated rats reduced BP but this was not statistically significant compared to L-NAME-treated groups. These results suggest that propolis decreases TH activity in NOS-inhibited hypertensive rats and thereby may modulate the synthesis of catecholamine and BP.Nigde University [BAP 2008/25]The Nigde University Research Fund (BAP 2008/25) is gratefully acknowledged for supporting this work. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper

Propolis attenuates oxidative injury in brain and lung of nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats

<p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong>The blocking of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity may reason vasoconstriction with formation of reactive oxygen species. Propolis has biological and pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the antioxidant effects of propolis which natural product on biochemical parameters in brain and lung tissues of acute nitric oxide synthase inhibited rats by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).</p><p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong>Rats have been received L-NAME (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), NOS inhibitor for 15 days to produce hypertension and propolis (200mg/kg, by gavage) the lastest 5 of 15 days.</p><p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong>There  were  the  increase  (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001)  in  the  malondialdehyde  levels  in  the  L-NAME treatment groups when compared to control rats, but the decrease (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001) in the catalase activities in both brain and lung tissues. There were statistically changes (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001) in these parameters of L-NAME+propolis treated rats as compared with L-NAME-treated group.</p><p><strong><em>Conclusion: </em></strong>The application of L-NAME to the Wistar rats resulted in well developed oxidative stress. Also, propolis may influence endothelial NO production. Identification of such compounds and characterisation of their cellular actions may increase our knowledge of the regulation of endothelial NO production and could provide valuable clues for the prevention or treatment of hypertensive diseases and oxidative stress.</p

The effects of synthetic organoselenium compounds on nitric oxide in DMBA - induced rat liver

WOS: 000267957000020PubMed ID: 20120501DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) is known to generate DNA-reactive species during their metabolism, which may enhance oxidative stress in cells. Since selenium is known as a non-enzymic antioxidant, health problems induced by many environmental pollutants, have stimulated the evaluation of relative antioxidant potential of selenium and synthetic organoselenium compounds. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of synthetic organoselenium compounds by monitoring level of liver nitric oxide. In this study, adult female Wistar rats were treated with DMBA and the novel organoselenium compounds (Se I) and (Se II) in the determined doses. DMBA-induced in rats, the effects of organoselenium compounds on nitric oxide levels in rat liver was studied. In this study, it has been observed a statistically significant increase in (Nitric Oxide) levels for the liver of rat exposed to DMBA (p<0.05). However with administration of Se I and Se II there was a statistically significant decrease in NO levels (p<0.05). The ability of the organoselenium compounds to prevent oxidative damage induced by DMBA in rat livers was rationalized. Protection against nitric oxide measured in Se I and Sell treated groups were provided by synthesized organoselenium compounds. Se I and Sell both provided chemoprevention against DMBA-induced oxidative stress in rat liver.Technological and Scientific Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK TBAG-2259 (102T185)]We thank to Technological and Scientific Research Council of Turkey TUBITAK TBAG-2259 (102T185) for financial support of this work

CHANGES IN TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY, ADRENOMEDULLIN (ADM) AND TOTAL RNA LEVELS BY TREATMENT OF ORGANOSELENIUM COMPOUNDS IN RAT HYPOTHALAMUS EXPOSED TO 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZANTHRACENE (DMBA)

WOS: 000279807100007The effects of synthetic organoselenium compounds (Se I and Se II) on the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis as well as adrenomedullin (ADM) and total RNA levels were determined in the hypothalamus of adult rats exposed to DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene). DMBA, an organic environmental pollutant, is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that can induce a range of toxic effects and stress in rats. Selenium is an essential trace element, which interacts with antioxidants, and has anticancer and antihypertensive properties. TH is an aromatic amino acid hydroxylase whose activity is elevated in response to a range of stress inducers. TH activity is normally regulated by negative feedback in catecholamine biosynthesis. ADM is an abundantly present peptide in a broad range of normal tissues including adrenal medulla, lungs, kidneys and brain. Plasma ADM levels are elevated in a number of diseases including essential hyptertension and chronic renal failure. The antioxidant properties of ADM offer protection against organ damage induced by high blood pressure, ischemia and aging. DMBA treatment increased the TH activity and ADM level in the hypothalamus. These increases were found to be inhibited by Se I and Se II treatments. These studies demonstrate that synthetic organoselenium compounds can suppress DMBA-induced stress-related changes in the rat hypothalamus. Therefore, the antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of Se I and Se II may have important effects in the maintainance of homeostasis.Inonu University [BAP 2005/60]Inonu University Research Fund (BAP 2005/60) is gratefully acknowledged for support of this work

Role of selenium compounds on tyrosine hydroxylase activity, adrenomedullin and total RNA levels in hearts of rats

WOS: 000273920500021PubMed ID: 19706312Synthetic organoselenium compounds can be tailored to achieve greater chemopreventive efficacy with minimal toxic side effects by structural modifications. Two organoselenium compounds (Se I and Se II) were synthesized and evaluated for their antihypertensive and therapeutic properties by adrenomedullin (ADM) levels and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity assays in rat heart tissue. 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is known to generate DNA-reactive species during their metabolism, which may enhance oxidative stress in cells. TH is thought to be a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines. ADM, a potent endogenous vasodilating and natriuretic peptide, may play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure. The effects of Se I and Se II were investigated on TH activity, ADM and total RNA levels in the hearts of albino Wistar rats. TH activity was found to be increased significantly by the effect of DMBA (P 0.05). Total RNA level was found to be decreased significantly by the effect of DMBA (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates that synthetic organoselenium compounds can regulate DMBA-induced stress related changes in rat heart. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Inonu University [BAP 2005/60]Inonu University Research Fund (BAP 2005/60) is gratefully acknowledged for support of this work

Modulating effects of selenium in adrenal medulla of rats exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene

WOS: 000317523000007PubMed ID: 22287620Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of organoselenium compounds (Se I and Se II) in the well-established rat model treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), by monitoring the extent of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity, adrenomedullin (ADM) level and total RNA level in adrenal medulla. Organic pollutants are the most important environmental factor for the biologic systems. DMBA exposure appears to be associated with a number of physiological disease processes. Methods: The effects of Se I and Se II compounds were investigated on TH activity, ADM and total RNA levels in adrenal medulla of rats exposed to DMBA. Results: TH activity, ADM and total RNA levels were found to be increased significantly due to the effect of DMBA (p < 0.05). This increase was restricted in the Se I-and Se II-treated groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present data showed that the organoselenium compounds may have important effects in the maintainance of homeostasis against stress induced by DMBA.Inonu University [BAP 2005/60]This work was supported by Inonu University Research Fund (BAP 2005/60)