Preparation and Properties of Fractionated Soybean Protein Isolate Films

Soybean protein isolate (SPI) and its four fractionated products (7S globulin, 11S globulin, upper soybean residue, and lower soybean residue) were compared by fabricating films and film liquids. The separation and grading effects, rheological properties of the film liquids, and difficulty in uncovering the films, in addition to the mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, oil permeability, and surface morphology of the films, were investigated. Results showed that the centrifugal precipitation method could be used to produce fractionated products. The 7S and 11S globulin films exhibited better hydrogels at lower shear rates than the other SPIs; however, they were more difficult to uncover. The tensile strength of the graded films decreased by varying degrees. However, the elongation at the break of the upper soybean residue film considerably increased, reaching 70.47%. Moreover, the permeability and surface morphology of the film were enhanced or weakened. The fractionated products, 7S and 11S globulin films, exhibited better performance. Overall, this study provides a basis for the improved development and use of fractioned SPI products

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Meroterpenoid from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus sp. 16-5c

One new meroterpenoid, named 2-hydroacetoxydehydroaustin (1), together with nine known meroterpenoids, 11-acetoxyisoaustinone (2), isoaustinol (3), austin (4), austinol (5), acetoxydehydroaustin (6), dehydroaustin (7), dehydroaustinol (8), preaustinoid A2 (9), and 1,2-dihydro-acetoxydehydroaustin B (10), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus, Aspergillus sp. 16-5c. These structures were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, further the absolute configurations of stereogenic carbons for Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis using Cu Kα radiation. Moreover, the absolute configurations of stereogenic carbons for Known Compounds 3, 7, 8, and 9 are identified here for the first time. Compounds 3, 7, and 8 showed acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 2.50, 0.40, and 3.00 μM, respectively

Asperterpenols A and B, New Sesterterpenoids Isolated from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242

Asperterpenol A (<b>1</b>) and asperterpenol B (<b>2</b>), two novel sesterterpenoids with an unusual 5/8/6/6 tetracyclic ring skeleton, were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and the absolute configurations determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> inhibit acetylcholinesterase with IC₅₀ values of 2.3 and 3.0 μM, respectively

Asperterpenols A and B, New Sesterterpenoids Isolated from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242

Asperterpenol A (<b>1</b>) and asperterpenol B (<b>2</b>), two novel sesterterpenoids with an unusual 5/8/6/6 tetracyclic ring skeleton, were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and the absolute configurations determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> inhibit acetylcholinesterase with IC₅₀ values of 2.3 and 3.0 μM, respectively

Asperterpenols A and B, New Sesterterpenoids Isolated from a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242

Asperterpenol A (<b>1</b>) and asperterpenol B (<b>2</b>), two novel sesterterpenoids with an unusual 5/8/6/6 tetracyclic ring skeleton, were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus <i>Aspergillus</i> sp. 085242. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and the absolute configurations determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> inhibit acetylcholinesterase with IC₅₀ values of 2.3 and 3.0 μM, respectively

A One-Dollar, Disposable, Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Rate

Collecting sweat and monitoring its rate is important for determining body condition and further sweat analyses, as this provides vital information about physiologic status and fitness level and could become an alternative to invasive blood tests in the future. Presented here is a one-dollar, disposable, paper-based microfluidic chip for real-time monitoring of sweat rate. The chip, pasted on any part of the skin surface, consists of a skin adhesive layer, sweat-proof layer, sweat-sensing layer, and scale layer with a disk-shape from bottom to top. The sweat-sensing layer has an impressed wax micro-channel containing pre-added chromogenic agent to show displacement by sweat, and the sweat volume can be read directly by scale lines without any electronic elements. The diameter and thickness of the complete chip are 25 mm and 0.3 mm, respectively, permitting good flexibility and compactness with the skin surface. Tests of sweat flow rate monitoring on the left forearm, forehead, and nape of the neck of volunteers doing running exercise were conducted. Average sweat rate on left forearm (1156 g·m−2·h−1) was much lower than that on the forehead (1710 g·m−2·h−1) and greater than that on the nape of the neck (998 g·m−2·h−1), in good agreement with rates measured using existing common commercial sweat collectors. The chip, as a very low-cost and convenient wearable device, has wide application prospects in real-time monitoring of sweat loss by body builders, athletes, firefighters, etc., or for further sweat analyses