On Greedy Trie Execution

In the paper "How to select a looser'' Prodinger was analyzing an algorithm where $n$ participants are selecting a leader by flipping fair coins, where recursively, the 0-party (those who i.e. have tossed heads) continues until the leader is chosen. We give an answer to the question stated in the Prodinger's paper – what happens if not a 0-party is recursively looking for a leader but always a party with a smaller cardinality. We show the lower bound on the number of rounds of the greedy algorithm (for fair coin)

Doktryna Polaków. Klasyczna filozofia polityczna w dyskursie potocznym

Książka prezentuje pionierską, oryginalną rekonstrukcję doktryny politycznej zbiorowego podmiotu, jakim jest społeczeństwo polskie. Stanowi ona rezultat połączenia warsztatów naukowych klasycznej filozofii politycznej i współczesnej empirycznej socjologii. Oddaje poglądy i refleksje dotyczące człowieka, społeczeństwa, własności, władzy i państwa, jakie Polacy ujawniają w szeroko zakrojonych fokusowych badaniach jakościowych i w ankietowych badaniach ilościowych. Obraz przekonań, jaki się z nich wyłania, ma charakter pluralistyczny, a jednocześnie odzwierciedla silne dążenie do harmonii w postrzeganiu, porządkowaniu i przeżywaniu świata zjawisk społecznych i politycznych. Łączy w sobie głęboko zakorzenione przesłanki konserwatywne, republikańskie, właściwe katolickiej nauce społecznej, z rozwiązaniami typowymi dla klasycznego liberalizmu i demokratycznego socjalizmu

Mineralogy and chemical composition of technogenic soils (Technosols) developed from fly ash and bottom ash from selected thermal power stations in Poland

The aim of the study was to determine the mineral and chemical composition of technogenic soils (Technosols) developed from fly ash and bottom ash from power plants in which bituminous coal and lignite was combusted. The mineral composition of the “fresh” wastes (i.e. fly ash and bottom ash) and soil samples derived from them was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical composition (content of major elements) was determined using ICP-AES method. Quartz, mullite, and amorphous substances (glass) predominated in the mineral composition of wastes after bituminous coal combustion. Magnetite was also found there. Soils developed from wastes after bituminous coal combustion contained all above mentioned minerals inherited from fly ash and bottom ash. Moreover, small amounts of secondary calcite were identified. In some soil horizons containing large amounts of inherited magnetite, secondary iron oxides and oxyhydroxides (goethite and lepidocrocite) also occurred. Quartz predominated in the mineral composition of the “fresh” wastes after lignite combustion. Relatively small amounts of iron oxides (magnetite and hematite) were also found there. In “fresh” fly ash, apart from minerals mentioned above, anhydrite and calcium oxide (lime) was identified. Soils developed from wastes after lignite combustion contained inherited quartz, magnetite, and hematite. Furthermore, calcite which sometimes was a predominating mineral in certain soil horizons occurred. Moreover, sulphates (gypsum, bassanite, and ettringite), and vaterite (a polymorph of Ca carbonate) were also found in soils. Silicon predominated among major elements in “fresh” ashes after bituminous coal combustion and soil derived from them followed by Al, Fe, K, Ca, Mg, Ti, Na, P, and Mn. On the other hand, the contents of major elements in the samples (ashes and soils) after lignite combustion can be arranged as follows: Si, Ca, Fe, Al, Mg, Ti, K, Mn, Na, and P. However, in some horizons (i.e. in calcareous materials deposited in the topsoil of some profiles) in soil developed on landfills near TPSs combusting lignite, Ca was a predominating element

On Greedy Trie Execution

In the paper "How to select a looser'' Prodinger was analyzing an algorithm where $n$ participants are selecting a leader by flipping fair coins, where recursively, the 0-party (those who i.e. have tossed heads) continues until the leader is chosen. We give an answer to the question stated in the Prodinger's paper – what happens if not a 0-party is recursively looking for a leader but always a party with a smaller cardinality. We show the lower bound on the number of rounds of the greedy algorithm (for fair coin)

Forms of iron in parent rocks of soils developed from Lower Triassic (Buntsandstein) deposits in the NE part of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

The aim of the study was to characterize pedogenic iron forms in the sediments of the Lower Triassic (Buntsandstein) in the north-eastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains. These are sediments of continental origin and unique features as the so-called ‘red beds’. Three main types of rocks were studied – sandstones, mudstones and claystones. Chemical forms of iron: Fet (XRF), FeHCl (6M HCl), Fed (dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate, DCB), Feo (ammonium oxalate), Fep (sodium pyrophosphate) were determined. The XRD method revealed the occurrence of goethite in sandstones and hematite in mudstones and claystones. Differential XRD (DXRD) analysis did not show the presence of amorphous iron minerals. The average Fet content in sandstones was 83 g·kg−1, in mudstones 47 g·kg−1, in claystones 55 g·kg−1, while there were lower concentrations of Fed (66 g·kg−1, 13 g·kg−1, 26 g·kg−1, respectively). Feo form content was in the range of 0.3–4 g·kg–1, while there were only traces of Fep. Only Fet and FeHCl occurred in good correlation. In the pedogenic interpretation of the studied rocks, mutual relations between chemical forms of iron were used and their reference to the identified iron minerals. Siltstones and claystones have high resistance to pedogenic factors, which is indicated by low release rates Fed:Fet and very low amorphization index Feo:Fed. The reason is the presence of well crystalline hematite in these rocks. In sandstones, resistance is conditioned by the occurrence of goethite in the matrix. Chemical destruction of iron-carbonate cement promotes the release and amorphization of iron in soils developed from sandstones. The presented results indicate that the specificity of Lower Triassic rocks is important for the proper classification and assessment of properties of soils with a characteristic red colour

Possibilities of micropulse cyclophotocoagulation application as a treatment option of patients with different glaucoma types

Mikropulsowa cyklofotokoagulacja, w przeciwieństwie do metody tradycyjnej, jest bezpieczna i powoduje podobne obniżenie ciśnienia wewnątrzgałkowego, nie wywołując cyklodestrukcji ani istotnego stanu zapalnego. Spośród ponad 60 chorych leczonych w naszym ośrodku w Krakowie w okresie od czerwca 2016 r. do grudnia 2017 r. poddaliśmy retrospektywnej ocenie 12 pacjentów (17 oczu) badanych 12 miesięcy po zabiegu. Grupa obejmowała 6 kobiet i 6 mężczyzn w wieku od 33 do 85 lat. U 6 chorych występowała jaskra wtórna, u 4 – jaskra pierwotna otwartego kąta, a u 2 – jaskra zamkniętego kąta. Średnie obniżenie ciśnienia wyniosło po 12 miesiącach 27%, przy czym w 8 oczach było to powyżej 30%. Nie odnotowano powikłań ani reakcji zapalnej w całym okresie obserwacji.Micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, in contrast to the traditional method, is safe and does not induce cyclodestruction or significant inflammatory reaction. From over 60 patients treated in our Center in Cracow between June 2016 and December 2017, for retrospective analysis we took data of 12 patients (17 eyes) examined 12 months after surgery. There were 6 women and 6 men, between 33 and 85 years of age. In 6 patients it was secondary glaucoma, in 4 primary open angle and in 2 closed angle. Mean intraocular pressure decrease was 27% and in 8 eyes it was over 30%. No complications were observed and all patients were pain free and inflammation free during the follow-up