Theoretical methodological basics for studying of transprofessionalism of a subject of socionomic professions

Topicality of the issue under study is caused by the changed socio-economic conditions and socio-technological development of the Russian economy, which resulted in a considerable transformation of the scope of professions in the postindustrial society: these professions disappear, those are transformed and still those appear for the first time ever. Along with conventional concepts of “profession” and “specialty”, today’s profession studies (or professiology) refer, in increasing frequency, to “transfession” - a new term denoting a type of labour activity which is realized on the basis of synthesis and convergence of professional competences belonging to different specialized scopes. Transprofessionalism as an ability to perform a wide range of specialized activities can be regarded as one of profession studies features. It is signification of socio-humanitarian technologies of development of this integral ability of specialists in the system of continuous education which conditioned topicality of this study. The purpose of this article is reviewing and generalization of bases and prerequisites of transprofessionalism as a socio-humanitarian requirement and an integral quality of a subject of socionomic professions in a dynamically changing socio-professional environment. Leading methods of studying this issue are theoretical methodological analysis of the subject and issue of the study on basis of examining and logical generalization of scientific sources; plus, hypothetic methodological and project methods can be considered. Description of the transprofessionalism phenomenon was performed with supporting on the multidimensional, trans-disciplinary, network and project approaches. The article presents a socio-humanitarian psychology-pedagogical definition of transprofessionalism, its sense-generating content, as well as criteria of transprofessionalism manifestation in a dynamically changing socio-professional environment. Topicality of the transprofessionalism phenomenon as a requirement to a subject in its integral quality demanding the qualitatively new substantial and technological training of socionomic profession specialists has been substantiated. In particular, it is stated that as the world’s and Russian socio-technological economy develops, profession as a concept loses its initial meaning as a scope of the social division of labour, while transprofessionals able to perform a wide range of professional activities become competitive and highly sought on an employment market. Materials of the article can be of interest for methodologists, methodology supervisors and pedagogues of continuous vocational education. © 2018 by the authors

Correlation between Self-Actualization, Parameters of Psychological Time and Personal Characteristics at Stage of Professional Training

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the formation of a subject of professional activity at the present time becomes nonlinear, multivariate. The question is raised about personal and socio-psychological measures of self-actualization in terms of professional dynamism and uncertainty of post-industrial society. Special attention is paid to professional transpective of the subject. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that transpective is a result of culturally assimilated and actualized in society methods of implementation of the potential in the professional sphere. A review of the concepts of self-actualization, conceptions of psychological time and approaches to the description of personality is made. It is shown that self-actualization is carried out against the background of stable set of psychological characteristics through reflection and design of way of life pattern. It is proved that the model of professional development in the logic of post-industrial society should include self-actualization, personality factors and the parameters of psychological time of personality. Empirical study is made of the links between levels of individual self-actualization, parameters of the subjective picture of way of life and psychological time, as well as indicators of cross-culturally validated five-factor model of personality. The results of a comparative analysis of the levels of severity of psychological time parameters and personal factors of students with different levels of self-actualization are presented

Individual Educational Trajectory as Intention of Subject in Continuing Education System

The issue of improving the quality of education by developing individual educational trajectories is considered. The relevance of this topic is determined by the necessity to predict the development of personality in a changing vocational and educational space. The definitions of “individual educational trajectory” concept in the context of the continuing education system and educational environment of university are given. Attention is given to the need to conform the goals, objectives, content, forms and methods of continuing education to the need of conscious self-realization of personality in the projecting and implementation of his/her own trajectory in dynamic, asymmetric, open, undefined terms of socio-professional life. It is argued that the forms of sense generating and skills of designing and forecasting his/herself in professional future may be envisioned through accompanying, navigation activity corresponding to the needs and content of the stages of professional formation. The stages of professional development, event forms of continuing education and the basic psychological neoplasms arising in the process of professionalization are correlated. The conditions and predictors of construction of individual educational trajectories are analysed. It is concluded that vocational education should be human-like systems, which effectiveness criterion should be not actual economic feasibility, but the ability to form the personality and willingness to self-realization in a complex, dynamic world of the professions

Controlled Transformation of Electrical, Magnetic and Optical Material Properties by Ion Beams

Key circumstance of radical progress for technology of XXI century is the development of a technique which provides controllable producing three-dimensional patterns incorporating regions of nanometer sizes and required physical and chemical properties. Our paper for the first time proposes the method of purposeful direct transformation of the most important substance physical properties, such as electrical, magnetic, optical and others by controllable modification of solid state atomic constitution. The basis of the new technology is discovered by us effect of selective atom removing out of thin di- and polyatomic films by beams of accelerated particles. Potentials of that technique have been investigated and confirmed by our numerous experiments. It has been shown, particularly, that selective atom removing allows to transform in a controllable way insulators into metals, non-magnetics into magnetics, to change radically optical features and some other properties of materials. The opportunity to remove selectively atoms of a certain sort out of solid state compounds is, as such, of great interest in creating technology associated primarily with needs of nanoelectronics as well as many other "nano-problems" of XXI century.Comment: 22 pages, PDF, 9 figure

МИНИ-ИНВАЗИВНЫЙ ПОДХОД В ЛЕЧЕНИИ РАКА ПРАВОЙ ПОЛОВИНЫ ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКИ, ОСЛОЖНЕННОГО ТОЛСТОКИШЕЧНОЙ НЕПРОХОДИМОСТЬЮ

The case demonstrates an opportunity of safe and successful colonic stenting to treat bowel obstruction with following laparoscopic radical intervention for right-sided colon cancer localization. The colonic stent as a “bridge to the surgery” improves immediate results and surviving rate in elderly patients with complicated right-sided colon cancer and severe concomitant disease.Клинический случай демонстрирует возможность успешного и безопасного применения стентирования толстой кишки для лечения кишечной непроходимости и последующей лапароскопической радикальной операции при правосторонней локализации опухоли толстой кишки. Использование стентирования толстой кишки в качестве «моста к хирургии» позволяет улучшить непосредственные результаты и выживаемость среди пожилых больных с осложненным раком правой половины толстой кишки и тяжелой сопутствующей патологией

Hemodynamic determinants of physical training effectiveness in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Aim. To investigate central and peripheral hemodynamics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients during aerobic physical training (APT) program. Material and methods. The study included 20 women, aged 37-65 years, who suffered from sero-positive RA with mild-to-moderate activity, for at least 3 years. The control group included 35 healthy women aged 35-64, without any cardiovascular pathology. All participants underwent individual APT programs (gymnastics, brisk walking for 30-40 minutes per day) for 4 and 12 weeks. Six-minute walking test, echocardiography (EchoCG), post-occlusion test with reactive hyperemia were performed in all participants. Results. At 12 weeks, walking distance in 65minute walking test increased by 12,5% (p<0,05). Cardiac hemodynamics, according to EchoCG data, did not differ significantly from that in healthy controls, without any substantial systolic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, local myocardial dyskinesia, or impaired peripheral vascular resistance registered. APT did not affect LV ejection fraction, end-systolic or end-diastolic LV volumes. Endothelial dysfunction was observed in 72% of RA patients. After 12-week APT course, significant improvement of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) was registered. In patients with initial endothelial dysfunction, EDVD increased by 83% (p<0,05), in patients with normal endothelial function – by 5% (p>0,05). Conclusion. Regular physical training in RA is essential for effective endothelium-dependent regulation of vascular tonus. Physical training does not affect central hemodynamics

CLINICAL VALUE OF THE SURROGATE INDICATORS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHROSIS CONCURRENT WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Objective: to study the prevalence of a number of surrogate measures of atherosclerosis among patients with knee osteoarthrosis (KOA) and chronic coronary heart disease (CCHD) and to determine the nature of their relationship to their functional state and the amount of muscle mass. Subjects and methods. Twenty patients with KOA and CCHD were examined. The rigidity of the vascular wall was judged from pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the elastic vessels, by calculating a carotid-femoral index (CFI). Endothelial function was evaluated from endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) in a reactive hyperemia test. Common carotid artery scanning was used to estimate the thickness of the intima-media complex (IMC) in the carotid arteries. A bicycle ergometry exercise was performed in all the patients; exercise tolerance (ET) was determined by the amount of oxygen consumed while calculating a metabolic equivalent (MET). A bioimpedance analyzer was applied to measure the amount of muscle mass, by determining the percentages of active cell mass (ACM%) and lean mass (LM%) of total body weight. The levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were determined. A control group consisted of 20 matched individuals without CCHD. Results and discussion. There was a prognostically favorable CFI increase (> 12 m/sec) in 20% of the patients with CCHD and in 10% of the controls (z = 0.15; p = 0.78), endothelial vasomotor dysfunction (EDVD < 10%) in 55% of the patients with CCHD and in 50% of the controls (z = 0.76; p = 0.55); a more than 0.9-mm IMC increase in 60% of the patients with CCHD. The bulk of the patients with pathological vascular rigidity and endothelial vasomotor dysfunction had a low ET. The CCHD patients with a low ET showed significant correlations of CFI and ACM% and LM% (r = -0.36; p < 0.05 and r = -0.39; p < 0.05, respectively), EDVD with ACM% and LM% (r = 0.51; p < 0.05 and r = 0.45;

Physical activity, vasomotor endothelial function, and arterial stiffness

Aim. To study the prevalence of selected parameters of subclinical atherosclerosis and their association with muscle function and muscle volume in patients with different levels of cardiovascular risk (CVR). Material and methods. The study included 20 patients (11 men and 9 women; mean age 54,5±8,5 years) with chronic coronary heart disease (CCHD; mean duration 6,4±2,3 years) in the main group (MG), as well as 20 CCHD-free people in the control group (CG). Arterial stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and calculated carotid-femoral index (CFI). Endothelial function was assessed by endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (EDVD) in the reactive hyperemia (RH) test. Common carotid artery (CCA) ultrasound was performed in order to assess intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries. All participants underwent veloergometry (VEM); exercise capacity (EC) was measured by calculated metabolic equivalents (MET). Muscle tissue volume was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analyser. The percentage of active muscle mass (%AMM) and fat-free muscle mass (%FFM), out of the total body mass, was calculated. Results. Increased CFI values &gt;12 m/s, as a marker of adverse prognosis, were observed in 20% CCHD patients and in 10% of controls (z=0,17; p=0,87). Vasomotor endothelial dysfunction (EDVD &lt;10%) was registered in 65% and 50%, respectively (z=0,74; p=0,46), while increased IMT values &gt;0,9 mm were observed in 55% and 15%, respectively (z=2,3; p=0,02). Most patients with pathologically increased arterial stiffness and vasomotor endothelial dysfunction had low EC. In CCHD patients with low EC, CFI significantly correlated with %AMM and %FFM (r=-0,32; p&lt;0,05; and r=-0,36; p&lt;0,05, respectively). EDVD significantly correlated with both %AMM and %FFM (r=0,47; p&lt;0,05; and r=0,5; p&lt;0,05, respectively). There was a significant correlation between CFI and EDVD (r=-0,3; p&lt;0,05). In CG participants with low EC, EDVD correlated with %AMM and %FFM (r=0723; p&lt;0,05 and r=0,7; p&lt;0,05, respectively). In both groups, %AMM and %FFM correlated with MET (r=0,49; p&lt;0,05 and r=0,55; p&lt;0,05, respectively; r=0,34; p&lt;0,05 and r=0,31; p&lt;0,05, respectively). Conclusion. EDVD and PWV reflect the lower PA levels and functional disadaptation of CCHD patients, which can result in a faster progression of atherosclerosis