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    Azadirachtin effectivity in embryogenesis inhibition of Aegorhinus superciliosus (Gu茅rin) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

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    Raspberry is cultivated in the southern part of Chile mainly for export. Its fruit is severely affected by the raspberry weevil (RW) Aegorhinus superciliosus (Gu茅rin), a Curculionidae native of Chile. Little is known about the biology RW and control measures. Conventional insecticides have been tried against the adult, however, their use has been hindered in the practice by the coincidence of the presence of the mature insect with flowering and fructification periods. Entomopathogenic fungi are being incorporated lately, but still not massively used. This work aimed to evaluate azadirachtin, using the commercial product Neem as a growth regulator. Six doses of Neem, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ml/L of water, were applied under laboratory conditions, maintaining a check with no insecticide. RW adults stayed confined on the foliage of raspberry bushes treated with Neem during five days and in thirty days during egglaying. Number of eggs, number of emerged larva, percentage of born larva, effectiveness; effective half dose (DE50) and ninety effective dose (DE90) were determined. Neem treatments had significantly lower egg-laying amount, lower emergence of larvae and greater effectiveness, compared to the untreated check. The lowest egg-laying number was obtained with 2 ml of Neem, however, 5 ml of Neem resulted in the smallest number and percent of emerged larvae. DE50 and DE90 were found to be 0.0290 and 8.923 ml of Neem for liter of water, respectively. It was concluded that Neem can significantly alter egg-laying and embryogenesis of the RW.La frambuesa es una fruta de exportaci贸n, cuyo cultivo en el sur de Chile es afectado seriamente por el curculi贸nido Aegorhinus superciliosus (Gu茅rin) o cabrito del frambueso (CF), insecto nativo de Chile. La biolog铆a del CF es poco conocida y tambi茅n su control. Se ha intentado reducir al adulto con insecticidas convencionales; sin embargo, en la pr谩ctica se dificulta su uso por coincidir la presencia del insecto adulto con periodos de floraci贸n y cosecha de fruta. Recientemente se est谩n incorporando hongos entomopat贸genos, pero a煤n no se aplican masivamente. En este trabajo se experiment贸 con azadirachtina, utilizando el producto comercial Neem como regulador de crecimiento. Bajo condiciones de laboratorio se aplicaron seis dosis de Neem: 1 ml; 2 ml; 3 ml; 4 ml; 5 ml; 6 ml de Neem por litro de agua. Adem谩s, de un testigo sin insecticida. Los adultos del CF se mantuvieron confinados con follaje de frambueso tratados con Neem durante cinco d铆as y en postura por treinta d铆as. Durante este periodo se determin贸: cantidad de huevos, cantidad de larvas emergidas, porcentaje de larvas nacidas, grado de eficacia, dosis media efectiva (DE50) y dosis noventa efectiva (DE90). Los tratamientos con Neem fueron significativamente diferentes al testigo, presentando menor postura, menor emergencia de larvas y mayor grado de efectividad. Con 2 ml de Neem se obtuvo la menor postura; sin embargo, la dosis de 5 ml de Neem present贸 la menor cantidad de larvas emergidas y el menor porcentaje de emergencia de larvas. La DE50 se determin贸 en 0,0290 ml de Neem y la DE90 en 8,923 ml de Neem por litro de agua. Con los antecedentes expuestos se concluy贸 que el Neem tiene un efecto que altera la postura y la embriog茅nesis del CF
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