Reported a case of Flies larvae that cause myasis (genus Sarcophaga fertoni) in stool, In Sanandaj, Kurdistan Province

چکیده زمینه و هدف: مگسها در اکثر نقاط جغرافیایی در هر جایی که انسان بتواند زندگی کند به غیر از قطبها در ارتباط با انسان وجود دارند و از انسان سود می برند. در جوامع انسانی مگس خانواده های موسیده (Muscidae)، کالیفوریده (Calliphoridae) و سارکوفاژیده (Sarcophagidae) در ارتباط نزدیک با انسان زندگی میکنند میاز روده ایی اگرچه که همیشه گزارش نمی شود ولی در مطالعه ایی در چین 54 مورد آن گزارش شده است و مگسها با توجه به حضور در همه جا میتوانند در هر غذایی لارو گذاری و تخمگذاری کنند و اگر این آلودگی در نمونه مدفوع گرفته شده برای آزمایش مدفوع باشد میتواند باعث اشتباه در تشخیص و نگرانی فرد آزمایشگر و فرد آزمایش شونده شود و هدف از این گزارش آشنایی کارشناسان آزمایشگاه در موارد نادر وجود لارو در نمونه مدفوع است. گزارش مورد: این گزارش مربوط به یک دختری 7 ساله اهل و ساکن سنندج است که برای ورود به دبستان و جلوگیری از شیوع آلودگی های انگلی در مدارس در 3 نوبت آزمایش مدفوع داده است در نمونه مدفوع نوبت سوم تخم آسکاریس کریستالهای شارکوت لیدن و تعداد زیادی لارو متحرک دیده شد، با انتقال مورد به گروه انگل شناسی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان مشخص شد لاروها مربوط به نوعی مگس است پس از نگهداری نمونه ها در شرایط آزمایشگاهی مناسب لاروها تبدیل به پوپ و نهایتاً در ادامه استحاله، پوپها بعد از 13 روز تبدیل به حشره بالغ شدند. نتیجه گیری: با بررسی بیشتر و انجام آزمایشهای تکمیلی و مشاهده وضعیت سالم مورد و با توجه به اطلاعات موجود در پرسشنامه مشخص شد نمونه به طور غیرصحیح نگهداری و به آزمایشگاه تشخیص طبی انتقال داده شده است و به طریقی با لارو مگس آلوده شده و لاروها از بیمار دفع نشده است و با توجه به کلیدهای تشخیصی، مشخص شد لاروها مربوط به گونه ی سارکوفاگا فرتونی (Sarcophagi fertoni) است

Growth performance, carcass composition, and immunophysiological indices in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso) fed on commercial prebiotic, Immunoster

Growth performance, carcass composition, and immunophysiological indices in juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso) fed on commercial prebiotic Immunoster (IS) were investigated. After a four-week acclimatization period, 270 great sturgeon juveniles weighing 95.68 ± 10.05 g were randomly distributed into 9 fiberglass tanks in three replicates and kept at a density of 30 fish per tank for a period of 8 weeks at water temperature 20.55 ± 5.11ºC and dissolved oxygen 6.73 ± 0.35 mg L^-1. IS was added at two levels of 1% and 3% to the basal diet in place of cellulose. At the end of the trial, blood sampling and carcass analysis were conducted. Weight, length, body weight increase (BWI), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and condition factor (CF) were significantly affected by IS 3% compared with IS 1% and the control (P<0.05). There was significant difference (P<0.05) in crude protein of carcass between the experimental groups. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) showed significantly higher levels in experimental treatments compared with the control (P<0.05). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) level and lysozyme activity in IS 1% group were higher than the control group. It can be concluded that IS can enhance growth performance and improve some immunophysiological indices of great sturgeon

Entrepreneurship development; a step towards achieving the economic and social goals of fisheries: (Explanation and ranking of effective environmental factors using fuzzy Delphi and FAHP approach)

The purpose of the present research was to identify and rank the effective environmental (background) indices on OE process in Mazandaran Fisheries Organization. In terms of data collection, the method used in this study was the descriptive-survey method and in terms of research purposes, it was an applied research. Statistical population included experts and leading experts of Mazandaran fisheries organization in 2014. After literature review, the effective environmental (background) indices on OE were identified. Data were collected using Delphi and paired comparisons questionnaires, and analyzed using fuzzy Delphi method and FAHP. The results showed that the effective environmental (background) indices on OE, in order of priority, were the economic environments, legal-political environment, social-cultural environment, technological environment, administrative environment and international environment

The Compare of Depression Between Athlete and Non-Athlete Employed People

AbstractThe Objective of this study was compare depression in athletic and non athletic employed people. is used casual comparative method with 40 athletic and 40 non athletic employed people. We used Convenience sampling and used questionnaire of beck depression on them and analysis the data with MANOVA .The result indicate that there is significant different between athletic and non athletic employed people in depression

The effects of glucan on hematological parameters, immune response and intestinal microbiota of Rutilus frisii kutum fry

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary glucan on some haematological parameters, immune response and intestinal microbiota of Rutilus frisii kutum. In the present study, various levels of ingredient so called Hoplit (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) containing glucan was added to a basal formulated diet. Twenty and five kutum fry with a mean (±SD) weight of 1.15±0.06g were stocked in each experimental tank (100 l capacity) filled with 80 liter of water. Fish were fed on experimental diet for 56 days and biometry was performed every 15 days. At the end of the trial blood samples were collected for measurement of haematological parameters including: Red and white blood cells count, differential count of white blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin, and innate immune factors (Immunoglobulin and Lysozyme). Fries in 1.5% treatment had highest serum immunoglobins (Ig) and eosinophil, although when compared with control but with no significant differences. Highest MCHC, hematocrit and hemoglobin were observed in the 0.5 and 1% treatments and the highest MCV and red blood cell count were in 0.5 percent treatment. The highest white blood cells count and neutrophils was observed in 2% treatment. The highest and lowest levels of lysozyme activity were observed in 1% and control treatments, respectively. Evaluation of the total bacteria and LAB counts revealed significant increase in 0.5% treatment. According to these results administration of dietary glucan can be considered for stimulation of innate immune response of white fish fry

The effect of prebiotic “Immunoster” on growth indices, survival rate, density of blood cells and body composition of Caspian Sea mahi sefid (Rutilus frisii kutum) fingerlings

In order to effect of prebiotic Immunoster was performed the experiment in period of 8 weeks in 0, 2, 4 percent levels on growth, survival, blood cells count and body compositions of mahi sefid fingerlings with initial weight of 0.35±0.02gr. The experiment was performed with use of completely accidental design in one control group and two treatments groups each with 3 replicates and with 150 kutum fingerlings in each tank. Feeding was varied 15-20% of biomass. At the end of experiment, however there was no significant difference in 2 and 4 percent level of Immunoster in camparing with control group (P>0.05), but mahi sefid fingerlings fed by Immunoster containing diet showed slightly better growth function. Survival rate didn’t have significant difference between treatments. The amount of red blood cells (R.B.Cs) and the amount of white blood cells (W.B.Cs) in one cubic millimeter of blood showed significant difference between control and fingerlings fed with 2 and 4 percents levels of Immunoster (P≤0.01). As 2 percent level of Immunoster had highest of R.B.Cs and W.B.Cs in compare with control group. Also there were significant difference between control and experimental groups the view of protein, fiber and carbohydrate of carcass (P≤0.05)

Effects of Spirulina microalgae (Spirulina sp.) and acidifier citric acid on the hematological and immune indices in common carp fry, Cyprinus carpio

The study was designed to evaluate the effects of spirulina algae and the acidifying impacts of citric acid on the variation of hematological and immune indices in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. The study was completely random in design with nine treatments, 3 replicates and the control, which included using basic diet without any additives. The treatments included T1: basic diet supplemented with 0.5% citric acid; T2: basic diet supplemented with 0.1% citric acid; T3: basic diet supplemented with 0.2% spirulina extract; T4: basic diet supplemented with 0.3% spirulina extract; T5: basic diet supplemented with 0.2% spirulina extract and 0.05% citric acid; T6: basic diet supplemented with 0.3% spirulina extract and 0.01% citric acid; T7: basic diet supplemented with 0.2% spirulina extract and 0.01% citric acid; and T8: basic diet supplemented with 0.3% spirulina extract and 0.05% citric acid. For this purpose, 270 juvenile carp fish (mean weight: 11.35 ± 1.21 g) were fed with the experimental diets for 8 weeks. At the end of the trials, the number of white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), Hb, HCT, differential white cells (lymphocyte, eosinophil, neutrophil and monocytes) were measured. The mean volume of red blood cells (MHC), mean concentration of cellular hemoglobin (MEHC) and immune indices of fish blood including Lysozyme, GM, and immunoglobulin were also measured. The results indicated significant differences in certain blood factors (i.e., HCT, neutrophil and lymphocyte) between experimental diet groups and the control (p < 0.05). In addition, certain immune indices in the experimental groups were at healthier levels than those in the control (p < 0.05). Finally, the study showed that spirulina algae combined with citric acid acidifier could enhance the body immune system of juvenile carp fish

Investigation of genetic population of Neogobius gorlap in southern Caspian Sea using microsatellite markers

Genetic diversity of Neogobios gorlap population was examined on 133 samples from regions in southern parts of the Caspian Sea (Golestan 28 samples, Mazandaran 53 samples and Guilan 52 samples). Genomic DNA was extracted from fin tissue by phenol-chlorophorm method. PCR was performed using 6 microsatellite primers. The PCR products of samples were accompanied with standard marker (50 by ladder). To measure fragment size, samples were run on a 6% polyacrylamid gel. Allele count and frequency, the effective and real allele, expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity, genetic diversity; Shannon Information Index, genetic identity and genetic distance, Fst, Rst, gene flow and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium based on Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) were calculated using the Gene Alex software. All studied loci were polymorph. The mean observed and effective allele number was 11.44 and 7.28 respectively. Also, the maximum observed and expected heterozygosity was 0.964 and 0.932 respectively. Specimens from all regions (with the exception of locus NG71 and NG111 in Golestan region) were not in Hardy-Weinberg Equibrium in all of the loci (P<0.05). The maximum F5t (0.06) was observed between Golestan and Guilan regions (Nrn 1.40). The minimum Fist (0.03) was observed between Mazandaran and Guilan (Nm=3.43). The highest genetic distance (0.71) and the lowest genetic distance (0.49) was observed between specimens from Guilan and Golestan regions. Based on Fst results, we found that there is a significant genetic divergence between some samples. Therefore, we suggest three genetic groups of Neogobios gorlap for the southern part of the Caspian Sea