Glutathione status and the renal elimination of inorganic mercury in the mrp2(-/-) mouse

Contains fulltext : 183578.PDF (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP) 2 and 4 are localized in proximal tubular epithelial cells and participate in the renal elimination of xenobiotics. MRP2 has also been implicated in the renal and hepatic elimination of mercury. The current study tested the hypothesis that MRP2 and MRP4 are involved in renal and hepatic handling of inorganic mercury (Hg(2+)). We examined the disposition of Hg(2+) in Mrp2(-/-) mice and assessed the transport of mercuric conjugates in inside-out membrane vesicles containing human MRP4. Since MRP2 has been shown to utilize glutathione (GSH) for transport of select substrates, we examined renal concentrations of GSH and cysteine and the expression of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) in Mrp2(-/-) and FVB mice. The effect of Hg(2+) exposure on renal GSH levels was also assessed in these mice. Our data suggest that MRP2, but not MRP4, is involved in proximal tubular export of Hg(2+). In addition, GSH levels are greater in Mrp2(-/-) mice and exposure to Hg(2+) reduced renal levels of GSH. Expression of GCL was also altered in Mrp2(-/-) mice under normal conditions and following exposure to HgCl2. This study provides important novel data regarding the transport of Hg(2+) and the effect of Hg(2+) exposure on GSH levels

Ycf1p-dependent Hg(II) detoxification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

International audienceIn Saccharomyces cerevisiae, disruption of the YCF1 gene increases the sensitivity of cell growth to mercury. Transformation of the resulting ycf1 null mutant with a plasmid harbouring YCF1 under the control of the GAL promoter largely restores the wild-type resistance to the metal ion. The protective effect of Ycf1p against the toxicity of mercury is especially pronounced when yeast cells are grown in rich medium or in minimal medium supplemented with glutathione. Secretory vesicles from S. cerevisiae cells overproducing Ycf1p are shown to exhibit ATP-dependent transport of bis(glutathionato)mercury. Moreover, using beta-galactosidase as a reporter protein, a relationship between mercury addition and the activity of the YCF1 promoter can be shown. Altogether, these observations indicate a defence mechanism involving an induction of the expression of Ycf1p and transport by this protein of mercury-glutathione adducts into the vacuole. Finally, possible coparticipation in mercury tolerance of other ABC proteins sharing close homology with Ycf1p was investigated. Gene disruption experiments enable us to conclude that neither Bpt1p, Yor1p, Ybt1p nor YHL035p plays a major role in the detoxification of mercury