Relation between digital Electroencephalogram clinic results, neuropsychological and imagenologic evaluation in patients with cerebral palsy clinic diagnostic

Este artículo pretende evaluar la relación existente entre los resultados del Electroencefalograma (EEG) digital y las anomalías clínicas, neuropsicológicas e imagenológicas detectadas en pacientes con el diagnóstico clínico de Parálisis Cerebral (PC)

Linguistic and cultural adaptation of the generalized anxiety disorder scale for patients with epilepsy in the Cuban context

Foundation: the generalized anxiety disorder scale is useful to evaluate this psychiatric condition in patients with epilepsy; however, it has not been adapted linguistically or culturally for patients with this disease in the Cuban context.Objective: linguistically and culturally adapt the generalized anxiety disorder scale for patients with epilepsy in the Cuban context. Methods: I+D+i technological development work, carried out in three stages: linguistic and cultural adaptation, evaluation by criteria of experts on the subject and trial in patients with epilepsy. Qualitative and quantitative techniques were combined: consultation with linguists and experts, trial, debriefing, Cronbach's alpha (α) and item elimination analysis.Results: the linguists proposed minimal semantic changes to two items of the scale. The debriefing showed that the scale can be administered in less than five minutes, with appropriate and harmless items. The α = 0.83 of the trial showed good reliability of the test. It was not necessary to eliminate any items from the scale and the item-total correlations remained above the minimum level (&gt;0.300).Conclusions: the semantic and cultural adaptation of the scale to Spanish, as spoken in Cuba, preserves equivalence with the original version. It is recommended to verify the reliability and validity of the GAD-7 scale in a representative of patients with epilepsy in the Cuban context.</p

Correlación entre la memoria subjetiva y objetiva episódica en pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal medial intratable

Introduction. In the scientific literature there is not agreement about the existence of relationship between subjective memory and the episodic objective memory in untreatable medial temporal lobe epileptic patients (UMTLE). Objective. To identify the presence of relationship between subjective memory and the episodic objective memory in UMTLE patients. Methods. We studied 32 patients, aged 15-60; all of them were interviewed using a semiestructured interview model and a Questionnaire of Memory Efficiency; the Rey´s Auditory Verbal Learning Test and the Reproduction and copy of complex figure Rey-Osterreith. Test data were analyzed. Results. Patients complained about their memory, viso-perceptual modality was preserved but verbal-auditive modality did not. We did not find any differences related to the lateralization of the ictal zone for both modalities. There was a negative correlation between the subjective memory and the verbal-auditive modality. Patients with left side lateralization showed a positive correlation between the subjective memory and the delayed viso-perceptual memory type. Conclusions. Patients had abnormalities in the subjective memory unrelated to the lateralization. They also had an heterogeneous profile in the episodic memory and the existence of relationship between subjective memory and the episodic objective memory (verbal-auditive), and a delayed visoperceptual memory type only in patients with left lateralization.Introducción. En la literatura científica revisada prevalece una discordancia en las investigaciones sobre la relación entre la memoria subjetiva y objetiva en pacientes con Epilepsia del Lóbulo Temporal medial intratable (ELTmi). Objetivo. Identificar la existencia o no de relación entre la memoria subjetiva y objetiva episódica en pacientes con ELTmi. Metodología. Se estudiaron 32 pacientes, con edades entre 15 y 60 años, empleándose el método clínico. Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada, el Cuestionario de Eficiencia de Memoria; el Test de aprendizaje verbal-auditivo de Rey y el Test de reproducción y copia de la figura compleja de Rey-Osterreith. Se realizó el procesamiento de los datos obtenidos. Resultados. Los pacientes reportaron quejas sobre su memoria. La modalidad viso-perceptual se mostró preservada, no así en la verbal-auditiva. No existieron diferencias en función de la lateralización de la zona de inicio ictal para ambas modalidades. Se evidenció una correlación negativa entre la memoria subjetiva y la estabilidad de la huella (modalidad verbal-auditiva). Los pacientes con lateralización izquierda mostraron correlación positiva entre la memoria subjetiva y el recuerdo demorado (modalidad viso-perceptual). Conclusiones. Los pacientes mostraron afectación de la memoria subjetiva, independientemente de la lateralización. También revelaron un perfil heterogéneo en la memoria objetiva episódica; así como la existencia de relación entre la memoria subjetiva y la objetiva episódica en la estabilidad de la huella (modalidad verbal-auditiva) y el recuerdo demorado (modalidad viso-perceptual) solo en los pacientes con lateralización izquierda

Percepción de memoria y calidad de vida en pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal con y sin tratamiento quirúrgico

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between memory perception and quality of life in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with and without surgical treatment.METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study was carried out in 33 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy attended in International Center for Neurological Restoration, from January 2008 to January 2015 (range age: 20 to 54 years old). The sample was divided into two groups: with surgical treatment (20) and without it (13). We evaluate the memory perception and quality of life by means of the Efficiency Memory Questionnaire (EMQ) and the Quality of Life Scale (QOLI–31) respectively. Parametric statistics were used for analysis of the data (Pearson’s correlations Test; T–test, p<0.05).RESULTS: Patients without surgical treatment showed more memory complaint than patients with resection of epileptic area. There were significant differences between groups regarding to auto–perception of memory problems area of EMQ (T–test, p<0.05). Six dimensions of the QOLI–31 also showed significant differences between groups, with a better perception in quality of life in the surgical treated one. There was a statistically significant relationship between memory perception and quality of life in both groups of patients (Pearson’s correlations Test, p<0.05). The group under surgical treatment showed an additional relationship of memory perception with seizure worries and antiepileptic drugs effects.CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy patients improves their perception of memory function, leading to a better quality of life.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la relación entre percepción de memoria y calidad de vida de los pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal que han recibido y que no han recibido tratamiento quirúrgico.MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y longitudinal, a 33 pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal atendidos en el Centro Internacional de Restauración Neurológica, en el período enero 2008 y enero 2015, con edades entre 20 y 54 años. Se dividió la muestra en dos grupos: operados (20) y no operados (13). Se evaluó la percepción de memoria y la calidad de vida a partir de la aplicación del Cuestionario de Eficiencia de Memoria y la escala de Calidad de vida QOLI–31 respectivamente. Se tabularon las puntuaciones en ambos grupos utilizando estadística paramétrica (test de correlaciones de Pearson Test; T–Student, p<0.05).RESULTADOS: Los pacientes no operados reportaron quejas del funcionamiento de memoria con mayor frecuencia que los operados, evidenciándose diferencias significativas entre grupos en la auto–percepción de problemas de memoria (T–test, p<0.05). Se demostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en seis de las dimensiones de la calidad de vida, siendo mejor la percepción de calidad de vida en el grupo de pacientes operados. La percepción de memoria y la calidad de vida tuvieron una relación estadísticamente significativa en ambos grupos (Pearson, p<0.05). El grupo tratado quirúrgicamente mostró una relación significativa de la percepción de memoria con la preocupación por las crisis y los efectos de los medicamentos antiepilépticos.CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento quirúrgico de los pacientes con epilepsia del lóbulo temporal provoca una mejor percepción sobre el funcionamiento de memoria, lo que se relaciona con una mejor calidad de vida

Surgical Outcome in Extratemporal Epilepsies Based on Multimodal Pre-Surgical Evaluation and Sequential Intraoperative Electrocorticography

Objective: to present the postsurgical outcome of extratemporal epilepsy (ExTLE) patients submitted to preoperative multimodal evaluation and intraoperative sequential electrocorticography (ECoG). Subjects and methods: thirty-four pharmaco-resistant patients with lesional and non-lesional ExTLE underwent comprehensive pre-surgical evaluation including multimodal neuroimaging such as ictal and interictal perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans, subtraction of ictal and interictal SPECT co-registered with magnetic resonance imaging (SISCOM) and electroencephalography (EEG) source imaging (ESI) of ictal epileptic activity. Surgical procedures were tailored by sequential intraoperative ECoG, and absolute spike frequency (ASF) was calculated in the pre- and post-resection ECoG. Postoperative clinical outcome assessment for each patient was carried out one year after surgery using Engel scores. Results: frontal and occipital resection were the most common surgical techniques applied. In addition, surgical resection encroaching upon eloquent cortex was accomplished in 41% of the ExTLE patients. Pre-surgical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not indicate a distinct lesion in 47% of the cases. In the latter number of subjects, SISCOM and ESI of ictal epileptic activity made it possible to estimate the epileptogenic zone. After one- year follow up, 55.8% of the patients was categorized as Engel class I–II. In this study, there was no difference in the clinical outcome between lesional and non lesional ExTLE patients. About 43.7% of patients without lesion were also seizure- free, p = 0.15 (Fischer exact test). Patients with satisfactory seizure outcome showed lower absolute spike frequency in the pre-resection intraoperative ECoG than those with unsatisfactory seizure outcome, (Mann– Whitney U test, p = 0.005). Conclusions: this study has shown that multimodal pre-surgical evaluation based, particularly, on data from SISCOM and ESI alongside sequential intraoperative ECoG, allow seizure control to be achieved in patients with pharmacoresistant ExTLE epilepsy