VARIANT ANATOMY OF INTERCOSTAL NERVES AT THE UMBILICAL REGION IN PERSONS WITH VARIOUS FORMS OF ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

Objective: the examine variants of quantity of intercostal nerves in the area of the lateral edge rectus sheath around umbilical region, depending on the shape of the anterior abdominal wall. Materials and methods: There were studied 88 floating corpses of both sexes without pathology of the anterior abdominal wall. Among them there were 45% male corpses (mean age – 53,8±11,9 years) and 55% – female corpses (51,9±13,2 years). We measured linea bicostalis, linea bispinalis and linea xiphoidopubica, determined quantity of the intercostal nerves in the umbilical region of the anterior abdominal wall. Results: At the study of anthropometric parameters of the anterior abdominal wall were found that linea bicostalis averaged 29,2±0,3 cm, linea bispinalis – 28,2±0,2 cm, linea xiphoidopubica – 30,4±0,5 cm. Using method of cluster analysis of the new data were obtained the main shapes of anterior abdominal wall: male, oval, female. It was found that persons with a female shape of the anterior abdominal wall was observed significantly more often 2 pairs of intercostal nerves (74%). In turn, at persons with oval shape were often observed 3 pairs of intercostal nerves (60%). In the cases of the male shape of the anterior abdominal wall 1 pair of intercostal nerves were observed in 38%, and 2 pairs of nerves – in 50% of cases. Conclusions: The quantity of intercostal nerves in the area of the lateral edge rectus sheath around umbilical region depends on the shape of the anterior abdominal wall

Numerical investigation of heat and mass transfer processes in a spherical layer of viscous incompressible liquid with free boundaries

The results of mathematical modelling of the dynamics of a mixture of the viscous incompressible liquid and gas, which fills a spherical layer with free boundaries and contains a gas bubble within itself, are presented in this paper. Spherical symmetry is assumed, and it is considered that the dynamics of the layer is determined by thermal, diffusive and inertial factors. On the basis of constructed numerical algorithm the studies of the formation of the liquid glass layers, which contain the carbon dioxide gas within themselves, have been conducted. The impact of the external thermal regime, external pressure and the density of gas in the bubble at the initial time on the dynamics of the layer, diffusion and heat-and-mass processes inside it is investigated. The results of numerical investigation of the full and simplified thermal problem statement, without consideration of gas diffusion, are compared

The Influence of Gas Diffusion on the Dynamics of A Spherical Layer of Viscous Incompressible Liquid and Heat and Mass Transfer in it

The formation of spherical microballoons in the case of short-term weightlessness is investigated numerically. The algorithm of the numerical solution of the problem is described and the results of numerical studies of the formation of liquid glass microballoons, saturated with carbon dioxide, are presented. The results of calculations for the problem in the full statement (mathematical model includes the influence of inertial, thermal and diffusive factors) and simplified statement, when the process of gas diffusion is not taken into account, are compared

The Influence of Gas Diffusion on the Dynamics of A Spherical Layer of Viscous Incompressible Liquid and Heat and Mass Transfer in it

The formation of spherical microballoons in the case of short-term weightlessness is investigated numerically. The algorithm of the numerical solution of the problem is described and the results of numerical studies of the formation of liquid glass microballoons, saturated with carbon dioxide, are presented. The results of calculations for the problem in the full statement (mathematical model includes the influence of inertial, thermal and diffusive factors) and simplified statement, when the process of gas diffusion is not taken into account, are compared

Investigation of behavior of the dynamic contact angle on the basis of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations

Flows of a viscous incompressible liquid with a thermocapillary boundary are investigated numerically on the basis of the mathematical model that consists of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations, kinematic and dynamic conditions at the free boundary and of the slip boundary conditions at solid walls. We assume that the constant temperature is kept on the solid walls. On the thermocapillary gas-liquid interface the condition of the third order for temperature is imposed. The numerical algorithm based on a finite-difference scheme of the second order approximation on space and time has been constructed. The numerical experiments are performed for water under conditions of normal and low gravity for different friction coefficients and different values of the interphase heat transfer coefficient

Investigation of behavior of the dynamic contact angle on the basis of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations

Flows of a viscous incompressible liquid with a thermocapillary boundary are investigated numerically on the basis of the mathematical model that consists of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations, kinematic and dynamic conditions at the free boundary and of the slip boundary conditions at solid walls. We assume that the constant temperature is kept on the solid walls. On the thermocapillary gas-liquid interface the condition of the third order for temperature is imposed. The numerical algorithm based on a finite-difference scheme of the second order approximation on space and time has been constructed. The numerical experiments are performed for water under conditions of normal and low gravity for different friction coefficients and different values of the interphase heat transfer coefficient

Detecting architectural integrity violation patterns using machine learning

Recent1 years have seen a surge of research into new ways of analyzing software quality. Specifically, a set of studies has been devoted to the impact the architectural relations among files have on system maintainability and file bug-proneness. The literature has proposed a set of rules for deter

Численное исследование зависимости динамического контактного угла от скорости движения точки контакта в задаче о конвективном движении жидкости

A two-dimensional problem of the fluid flows with a dynamic contact angle is studied in the case of an uniformly moving contact point. Mathematical modeling of the flows is carried out with the help of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations. On the thermocapillary free boundary the kinematic, dynamic conditions and the heat exchange condition of third order are fulfilled. The slip conditions (conditions of proportionality of the tangential stresses to the difference of the tangential velocities of liquid and wall) are prescribed on the solid boundaries of the channel supporting by constant temperature. The dependence of the dynamic contact angle on the contact point velocity is investigated numerically. The results demonstrate the contact angle behavior and the different flow characteristics with respect to the various values of the contact point velocity, friction coefficients, gravity acceleration and an intensity of the thermal boundary regimesИзучается задача движения жидкости с динамическим контактным углом в случае равномерно движущейся точки контакта. Математическое моделирование проводится на основе аппрок- симации Обербека-Буссинеска уравнений Навье-Стокса. На термокапиллярной свободной грани- це выполняются кинематическое, динамическое условия и условие теплового обмена с внешней средой третьего рода. Условия прилипания выполняются на твердых границах, которые поддер- живаются при постоянной температуре. Данные условия представляют собой условия пропор- циональности касательных напряжений разнице касательных скоростей жидкости и твердой стенки. Численно исследуется зависимость динамического контактного угла от скорости дви- жения точки контакта. Результаты демонстрируют поведение динамического контактного угла и различия в характеристиках течения в зависимости от различных значений скорости движения точки контакта, коэффициентов трения, ускорения силы тяжести и интенсивно- сти граничного теплового режим

Численное исследование зависимости динамического контактного угла от скорости движения точки контакта в задаче о конвективном движении жидкости

A two-dimensional problem of the fluid flows with a dynamic contact angle is studied in the case of an uniformly moving contact point. Mathematical modeling of the flows is carried out with the help of the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations. On the thermocapillary free boundary the kinematic, dynamic conditions and the heat exchange condition of third order are fulfilled. The slip conditions (conditions of proportionality of the tangential stresses to the difference of the tangential velocities of liquid and wall) are prescribed on the solid boundaries of the channel supporting by constant temperature. The dependence of the dynamic contact angle on the contact point velocity is investigated numerically. The results demonstrate the contact angle behavior and the different flow characteristics with respect to the various values of the contact point velocity, friction coefficients, gravity acceleration and an intensity of the thermal boundary regimesИзучается задача движения жидкости с динамическим контактным углом в случае равномерно движущейся точки контакта. Математическое моделирование проводится на основе аппрок- симации Обербека-Буссинеска уравнений Навье-Стокса. На термокапиллярной свободной грани- це выполняются кинематическое, динамическое условия и условие теплового обмена с внешней средой третьего рода. Условия прилипания выполняются на твердых границах, которые поддер- живаются при постоянной температуре. Данные условия представляют собой условия пропор- циональности касательных напряжений разнице касательных скоростей жидкости и твердой стенки. Численно исследуется зависимость динамического контактного угла от скорости дви- жения точки контакта. Результаты демонстрируют поведение динамического контактного угла и различия в характеристиках течения в зависимости от различных значений скорости движения точки контакта, коэффициентов трения, ускорения силы тяжести и интенсивно- сти граничного теплового режим