5,710 research outputs found
Bright solitons in Bose-Fermi mixtures
We consider the formation of bright solitons in a mixture of Bose and Fermi
degenerate gases confined in a three-dimensional elongated harmonic trap. The
Bose and Fermi atoms are assumed to effectively attract each other whereas
bosonic atoms repel each other. Strong enough attraction between bosonic and
fermionic components can change the character of the interaction within the
bosonic cloud from repulsive to attractive making thus possible the generation
of bright solitons in the mixture. On the other hand, such structures might be
in danger due to the collapse phenomenon existing in attractive gases. We show,
however, that under some conditions (defined by the strength of the Bose-Fermi
components attraction) the structures which neither spread nor collapse can be
generated. For elongated enough traps the formation of solitons is possible
even at the ``natural'' value of the mutual Bose-Fermi (Rb -K in
our case) scattering length.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl
Coexistence of Weak and Strong Wave Turbulence in a Swell Propagation
By performing two parallel numerical experiments -- solving the dynamical
Hamiltonian equations and solving the Hasselmann kinetic equation -- we
examined the applicability of the theory of weak turbulence to the description
of the time evolution of an ensemble of free surface waves (a swell) on deep
water. We observed qualitative coincidence of the results.
To achieve quantitative coincidence, we augmented the kinetic equation by an
empirical dissipation term modelling the strongly nonlinear process of
white-capping. Fitting the two experiments, we determined the dissipation
function due to wave breaking and found that it depends very sharply on the
parameter of nonlinearity (the surface steepness). The onset of white-capping
can be compared to a second-order phase transition. This result corroborates
with experimental observations by Banner, Babanin, Young.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Submitted in Phys. Rev. Letter
Symmetry Induced 4-Wave Capillary Wave Turbulence
We report theoretical and experimental results on 4-wave capillary wave
turbulence. A system consisting of two inmiscible and incompressible fluids of
the same density can be written in a Hamiltonian way for the conjugated pair
. When given the symmetry , the set of weakly non-linear
interacting waves display a Kolmogorov-Zakharov (KZ) spectrum
in wave vector space. The wave system was studied experimentally with two
inmiscible fluids of almost equal densities (water and silicon oil) where the
capillary surface waves are excited by a low frequency random forcing. The
power spectral density (PSD) and probability density function (PDF) of the
local wave amplitude are studied. Both theoretical and experimental results are
in fairly good agreement with each other.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
New multidimensional partially integrable generalization of S-integrable N-wave equation
This paper develops a modification of the dressing method based on the
inhomogeneous linear integral equation with integral operator having nonempty
kernel. Method allows one to construct the systems of multidimensional Partial
Differential Equations (PDEs) having the differential polynomial forms in any
dimension n. Associated solution space is not full, although it is parametrized
by a certain number of arbitrary functions of (n-1)-variables. We consider
4-dimensional generalization of the classical (2+1)-dimensional S-integrable
N-wave equation as an example.Comment: 38 page
From confining fields on the lattice to higher dimensions in the continuum
We discuss relation between lattice phenomenology of confining fields in the
vacuum state of Yang-Mills theories (mostly SU(2) case) and continuum theories.
In the continuum, understanding of the confinement is most straightforward in
the dual formulation which involves higher dimensions. We try to bridge these
two approaches to the confinement, let it be on a rudimentary level. We review
lattice data on low-dimensional defects, that is monopoles, center vortices,
topological defects. There is certain resemblance to dual strings, domain
walls, introduced in large-N Yang-Mills theories.Comment: 21 pages; based on three lectures given at the Conference ``Infrared
QCD in Rio'', Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 5-0 June 200
Self-accelerating solutions in massive gravity on an isotropic reference metric
Within the framework of the recently proposed ghost-free massive gravity, a
cosmological constant-type self-accelerating solution has been obtained for
Minkowski and de Sitter reference metrics. We ease the assumption on the
reference metric and find the self-accelerating solution for the reference
metric respecting only isotropy, thus considerably extending the range of known
solutions.Comment: 4 pages; matches the published version in Phys. Rev.
Renormalons as a Bridge between Perturbative and Nonperturbative Physics
In two lectures, we overview the renormalon and renormalon-related techniques
and their phenomenological applications. We begin with a single renormalon
chain which is a well defined and systematic way to specify the character of
corrections in inverse powers of the total energy to observables directly in
Minkowski space. Renormalons demonstrate also presence of nonperturbative
contributions. We proceed then to multirenormalon chains and argue that they
are in fact not suppressed compared to a single chain. On one hand, this
phenomenon might be a mechanism for enhancement of power corrections. On the
other hand, the derivation of relations between power corrections to various
observables becomes a formidable task and asks for introduction of models. In
the concluding, third part we consider dynamical models for nonperturbative
effects, both in infrared and ultraviolet regions, inspired by renormalons.Comment: 31 pages, LaTeX file. Talk presented at YKIS97, Kyoto, December, 199
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