The Corporate Culture of the Enterprises of the Military-Industrial Complex

The relevance of researching the ways to improve the level of corporate culture in the military-industrial complex is based on the increasing role of the military-industrial complex due to the growing tension in the world. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) data published in March 2018, total global sales of a weapon in 2013–2017 rose by ten percent compared to the previous five years (2008–2012). Among the biggest exporters of armament are also United Kingdom, France, Germany, and China. The economic significance of the military-industrial complex is based on the fact that it fosters the development of related industries such as metallurgy, electronic engineering, instrument-making and so on. At the same time the military-industrial complex faces the following industry-specific challenges: - Rigid state regulation of production; - State control over export and import operations; - High sensitivity to political factors of the external environment; - Ambiguous and polarized public attitude towards weapon and its manufacturers, from massive support of patriotically-minded part of the population to absolute aversion of its pacifist part. It is interesting to identify those particular methods of improving company performance which are successfully put into practice and are really beneficial for the military-industrial complex enterprises applying them which may later serve as a basis for developing a set of measures to increase corporate culture level in the military-industrial complex enterprises in different countries. The analysis is based on comparing the corporate culture of global industry leaders in the USA, Russia and the UK, which are the world’s biggest weapon exporters. The studies and conclusions presented in this analysis can be practically beneficial not only for the military-industrial complex enterprises the specificity of which is a stress test for corporate culture but also for other industrial sectors

DEVELOPMENT IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOCIOECONOMIC SYSTEMS

The article presents a brief analysis of the development strategy of the socio-economic system on the example of PJSC Sollers. This company is the largest manufacturer of automotive vehicles. In this regard, first of all, it should be noted features of its business model, which provides a strategy for the formation of strong competitive advantages in the industry market. The development of the company is provided by a high level of manufacturability, which is in priority. This ensures that the company can be included in the value chain of the strongest global automotive brands. The article also pays attention to the presence of a mature positive corporate culture, which the company managed to form, despite the complex holding structure of management

Approaches to Resource Assessment of Bird Use Potential in the Republic of Tatarstan

The preservation of biodiversity of rare and endangered birds in natural and anthropogenic landscapes of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) is becoming an important issue in the modern nature conservation activities. To date, there is no real resource assessment of the potential of using the representatives of the Red Book of the living world, namely birds. In this regard, this article presents the approaches to the selection of criteria for their assessment, based on the legislative acts, orders, articles and methods for calculating the harm caused to the wildlife of the Russian Federation (RF)

Nature of Water Stability of Aggregates from the Humus Horizon of Dark Gray Forest Soil

We generalized data on the composition and kinetic properties of the water-stable aggregates from the upper and bottom parts of the humus horizons of dark gray forest soil. On the basis of this generalization, two contrast variants of spatial arrangement of soil particles in aggregates were advanced

Multiobjective optimization of temperature mode in reactor unit of catalytic reforming of gasoline based on the kinetic model

Based on the previously developed kinetic model of catalytic reforming gasoline, the temperature regimes of catalytic reforming gasoline are optimized. Several target optimization functions are considered — output of the target product, required octane number with limitation on benzene content (high-octane component, <2% by volume), etc. The optimal input temperatures of the reaction mixture for each reactor were determined.The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research projects № 18-07-00341, 18-37-00015 (paragraph 5) and by the President of the Russian Federation SP-669.2018.5 stipends

Исследование эффективности охлаждения вала печного вентилятора, оснащенного устройствами стержневого тип

The design of the air cooling device for the furnace fan’s shaft of rod type of three standard sizes is proposed. During the experiments at the experimental stand, the convective heat transfer from the surface of these devices to the environment at a different shaft rotation frequency was obtained critically. It was established that in the range of variation of the relative length of the rods from 3.3 to 6.1, a regime close to the self-similar mode takes place, where the heat transfer from their surface can be described by a universal dependence. In the range of variation of the relative length of the rods from 6.1 to 8.6, the experimental data are generalized in the form of a power law with a proportionality coefficient that depends on the ratio of the shaft diameter to the outer diameter of the device. The least coefficient of heat transfer from the external surface was found in ST-346 with the largest outside diameter and, correspondingly, the longest rods, which is apparently due to the fact that in the process of heat transfer from the shaft to the environment, the limiting heat exchange section is the heat supply by heat conduction along of the rods axis. The highest heat transfer coefficient under comparable conditions is observed in ST-286 with medium rods, where the heat supply is more balanced by thermal conductivity along the rods and its removal from their external surfaces by convection to the environment. When comparing the data obtained with CT-286 and CT-220, it was found that at the same shaft rotation frequency, the heat transfer coefficient over the surface of ST-286 is about 15–20 %, which is associated with a decrease in intensity of air blowing of shortened rods of ST-220 due to the decrease in their average linear speed of movement along the circumference. From the analysis of the obtained results, it follows that the most effective in comparable conditions is the device with a maximum diameter of 346 mm, where the dissipated thermal power in the steady state is 1.1 times higher than that of the device with a diameter of 286 mm and 2.0 times greater than for devices with a diameter of 220 mm. The obtained materials can be used in the design of heating and thermal furnaces using forced coolant circulation. © 2017 National University of Science and Technology MISIS. All rights reserved.The work was financially supported by Act 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract no. 02.A03.21.0006

The prevalence of cataract surgery and the assessment of postoperative visual function in the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Purpose. Studying the prevalence and functional results of cataract surgery and factors that negatively affect postoperative visual functions in the population of the R epublic of Bashkortostan.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of a pilot descriptive population study – Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), conducted on the basis of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases. This analysis included 5 885 people aged 40 and over with data on performing cataract surgery. Poor visual outcome after cataract surgery was defined with uncorrected visual acuity below 0.3. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics application package.Results. The prevalence of cataract surgery was 6.1% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.5–6.8%). A higher frequency of operations was associated with the age factor (odds ratio – OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.11– 1.15%, p&lt;0.001), male gender (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.43–2.59, p=0.003), urban living (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04–1.80, p=0.02) and widowhood (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.13–2.17, p=0.006). Low visual results after cataract surgery, considering the maximum postoperative correction, were found in 16.1% of cases (81 eyes). The main reasons for the low postoperative outcome: refractive error (40.4%), macular degeneration (18.5%), glaucoma (16.0%), posterior capsule opacification (13.6%) and diabetic retinopathy (12.3%).Conclusion. The obtained results of good postoperative uncorrected visual acuity amounted to 73.1% and turned out to be quite close to international standards (80%). The main reasons for the low visual results of cataract surgery were refractive error and age-related macular degeneration

Research for the selectiveness of emulsion systems with SiO2 nanoparticles

Over the past five years, due to the macroeconomic situation, there have been significant changes in the different industries [1–2]. The main changes concern the optimization of production and the need to increase the efficiency of technological processes [2]. As for Russia, the changes caused significant impact on the oil and gas industry as a whole and led to reduced share of foreign technologies in oil companies’ portfolios. That mainly led to increased demand for domestic technologies and, as a result, to significant increase in the number of research and development (R&D) projects aimed at creating innovative developments and improving existing technologies [3]. But any R&D process in heavy and production industries takes some time: on the average it takes 3–5 years to conduct laboratory, bench and pilot tests for a potential industrial launch after the results have been monitored. At present, the developments of domestic R&D projects launched in 2014–2015 are entering the field trial stage or industrial implementation in Russia with the potential international commercialization [3]. One of such project was launched in 2015 by the authors who were a part of a group of scientists and engineers in the field of colloidal chemistry and the development of oil and gas fields. The goal of the project is to increase the efficiency of physicochemical methods to impact on the oil and gas reservoir, and the main task is to develop innovative and environmental water-blocking agents based on the use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2) [4–8]. The article presents the results of the experimental research that studied the selectiveness of emulsion systems modified with SiO2 nanoparticles. The method to perform filtration experiments on cores of rocks with different saturation of a porous medium, as well as the method to prepare samples of cores, fluids and process fluids for conducting filtration experiments have been described. The basic filtration-capacitive parameters of the studied objects were determined, the effect of various emulsion systems modified with SiO2 nanoparticles on the permeability of rock cores was revealed. According to the research results it was found that the saturation of rocks is the most important factor for the water-blocking properties of the new emulsion systems modified with SiO2 nanoparticles

On the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Aim. To study of the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan among people over 40 years of age, depending on the stage of the disease, gender and the nature of the settlement of the respondents. Materials and methods. A population-based study “Ural Eye and Medical Study” on the basis of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases covered 5899 people, of whom 2581 (43.7 %) were men, 3318 (52.3 %) were women. There were 2501 (42.3 %) urban residents, 3398 (59.7 %) rural residents. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistic application package.Results. According to the study, diabetes was observed in 687 people, among them – 221 (32.2 %) men, 466 (67.8 %) women; urban residents – 378 (55.0 %) people, rural – 309 (45.0 %) people. The prevalence of diabetes is 11.6 %. Diabetic retinopathy was observed in 102 people (27 men – 26.5 %, and 75 women – 73.5 %), urban residents – 60 (58.8 %), rural – 42 (41.2 %). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the entire study population was 2.1 %, or 14.8 % in the diabetic population. Conclusions. The prevalence of diabetes in the Republic of Bashkortostan according to the results of the Ural Eye and Medical Study was 11.6 % among people over 40 years old. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the general population of the republic was 2.1 %, and in the population with diabetes it was 14.8 %, which is, in general, less than the global average

Comparative characteristics of the outcomes of the use of multidirectional intravitreal pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema

Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing implant and aflibercept in macular edema in patients with diabetes mellitus.Material and methods. The study involved 80 patients (80 eyes) with macular edema. The group 1 included 38 patients (38 eyes) who underwent a single intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing biodegradable implant «Ozurdex» in a dose of 0.7 mg according to the standard technique. In the group 2, 42 patients (42 eyes) received 5 loading doses of aflibercept with an interval of one month. All patients underwent monthly spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macular area, as well as visometry and tonometry during the observation period.Results. One month after intravitreal injection of the studied drugs in both groups, no inflammatory reactions were detected in any case. According to OCT data, cystic edema of the macular area with a tendency to decrease the thickness in the fovea was preserved. After treatment with aflibercept, the average retinal thickness in the macula was 186.4±15.1 μm, and visual acuity averaged 0.48±0.05 in 85.7% of patients. During therapy with intravitreal injection of Ozurdex, an increase in visual acuity was noted in 89.4% of patients.Conclusion. This study found that intravitreal pharmacotherapy with an angiogenesis blocker and a dexamethasone implant in patients with diabetic macular edema are comparable in its effectiveness – 85.7 and 89.4% respectively. If systematic anti-angiogenesis therapy is not possible for a number of reasons, it is advisable to use a prolonged dexamethasone implant