Effects of an Orem-based Self-care Program on the Orem's Pattern of Lower-extremity Edema in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Background & Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a cardiovascular disorder associated with long-term constraints in the patients' life. Open heart surgery is an effective treatment for CAD, and the postoperative complications require extensive care, especially by the patient. Self-care education plays a key role in this regard, particularly based on Orem self-care model. The present study aimed to investigating the effects of an Orem-based self-care program on Orem's pattern of lower-extremity edema in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 74 patients undergoing CABG at Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord, Iran, who were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups using software. Data were collected using the need assessment form based on the Orem model, and edema was measured using a meter. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21. Results: The Orem-based self-care program reduced lower-extremity edema in the intervention group (before: 34.31±31, after: 32.14±2.87), while the changes in the control group were not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, nursing patterns (e.g., Orem's model) could be used to enhance self-care abilities in patients requiring long-term care. Keywords: Self-care, Orem Model, Edema, Coronary Artery Bypass Graftin

Advancement in electrochemical DNA-biosensors for GMOs detection: A review

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are plants or animals whose genetic make-up has been transformed by recombinant DNA technology, which has new features such as resistance to herbicides, virus and insect. Recently, genetic modification of food products has increased in order to reduce world poverty and hunger and increase food production However, the impact of GMOs on the human health is a growing concern worldwide. Due to increased global production of GMOs, the presence of these in food products need to be monitored and has been attended by many researchers recently. The quick, simple, accurate and sensitive detection methods for these products have attracted the attention. Electrochemical DNA biosensors as one of these fast methods are highly studied by many researchers due to their high sensitivity, low cost, rapid reaction and the possibility of working in aqueous solutions. The present review will focus on several studies on the detection of GMO based on electrochemical biosensors

INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READINESS LEVEL MANAGERS TO IMPLEMENT TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT WITH ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGERS

Abstract This research has been done with goal of investigate the relationship between readiness level managers for the implementation total quality management with organizational culture and effectiveness of managers in the Azad University of Guilan Province. In study statistical society constitute the faculty and staff, and administrators in Azad universities of Province includes the cities of Rasht, Anzali, Lahijan and Astaneh that has been by random class sampling method .for determining sample size was used from formula Cochrane that sample size obtained 229 people and since the 36 percent of teachers are women and 64 percent male were randomly selected 108 women and 191 men teacher. For data collected is used from questionnaires, total quality management, organizational culture and effectiveness of managers and was tested by regression and ANOVA method. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between studied variables in some aspects of total quality management and organizational culture

Improving biomass and carbohydrate production of microalgae in the rotating cultivation system on natural carriers

Abstract Biofilm-based algal technologies have gained popularity due to higher biomass productivity, efficient harvesting, and water-saving over suspended growth systems. A rotating attached system was designed to assess the biofilm-forming capacity of different isolated microalgal strains from the Persian Gulf. Four microalgal strains, including two Chlorella sp., one Picochlorum sp. and one filamentous cyanobacterium Desmonostoc sp. were cultivated on four carriers: jute, cotton, yarn and nylon. The carriers’ physicochemical surface characteristics and attachment effects, like contact angle, were investigated. The incorporated biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS) content in the suspended and biofilm system was calculated and compared. The results showed that the cyanobacterium strain had the biofilm formation capability on both jute and cotton in the attached cultivation system. Under the same culture conditions, the biomass productivity on jute and cotton carriers was significantly higher (4.76 and 3.61 g m− 2 respectively) than the growth in aqueous suspension (1.19 g m− 2 d− 1). The greatest incorporated exopolysaccharides amount was observed on jute (43.62 ± 4.47%) and the lowest amount was obtained from the growth on positive charge yarn (18.62 ± 1.88%). This study showed that in comparison with planktonic growth, the colonization of cyanobacterial cells and subsequent production of extracellular matrix and biofilm formation can lead to increased biomass production

Energy Intensity in Iranian Provincial Manufacturing Industries; Investigating the Effects of Government Expenditures and Foreign Direct Investment Using Spatial Econometric Models

The formulation of effective energy efficiency (reducing the energy intensity) policies requires study of the factors affecting energy intensity. The final consumption of energy in the manufacturing sector of Iran has grown significantly in recent years. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the energy intensity in the manufacturing industries of Iran, especially the effect of government expenditures and foreign direct investment on the energy intensity in these industries and controlling the spillover effects between provinces using provincial panel data of Iran from 2000 to 2014. Based on Panel (Robust) LM, Wald and LR tests, Spatial Durbin Model (SDM) has been used to investigate the spillover impact effects of energy intensity. According to the results, energy prices, private ownership and government capital expenditures have a negative effect on energy intensity, while export-value added and capital-labor ratios have a positive impact on energy intensity. Foreign direct investment also did not have a significant effect on energy intensity. These results call for greater attention to the adoption of higher production technologies in investment and the role of the government in energy intensity changes. The results indicate possibility of using neighboring enrichment policies to increase energy efficiency

Using Combined Processes of Filtration and Ultraviolet Irradiation for Effluent Disinfection of Isfahan North Wastewater Treatment Plant in Pilot Scale

This study was carried out to evaluate the secondary effluent disinfection of the Isfahannorth municipal wastewater treatment plant using filtration and UV technology in current operational condition. The combined system was used in series in pilot scale including: Pressure Sand Filter + Low Pressure (LP) + Medium Pressure (MP) UV Lamps. The UV dose varied according to the initial intensity of lamp, flow rate and influent transmittance. Total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC) and fecal streptococcus (FS) were analyzed as microbiological parameters in all effluent samples. TSS, BOD5, COD, VSS, pH and transmittance (UVT percentage) were tested as physicochemical parameters, before and after the units. Results showed that the filtration with loading of 1050 lit/m2.hr, followed by MP lamp with dose of 230 mW.s/cm2 is an effective alternative to reduce the TC/FC and FS in the secondary effluent. The combined disinfection processes that were used in this study, could be met the standards of 1000 TC, and 400FC/100ml for effluent discharge to receiving waters or restricted reuses in the agriculture. This process can also inactivate the FS down to 6-log.Using low-pressure lamps due to low dose radiation for disinfection is not cost-effective. In this study, parasite egg counts due to lack of access to accurate identification techniques for alive cyst detection was not examined

Rhenium-188 radiosynovectomy for chronic haemophilic synovitis: Evaluation of its safety and efficacy in haemophilic patients

Introduction: Radiocolloids labelled with less costly and more accessible radionuclides such as rhenium-188 are of interest to developing countries compared with those labelled with rhenium-186 and yttrium-90. Aim: This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiosynovectomy using rhenium-188 in patients with chronic haemophilic synovitis and recurrent hemarthrosis. Methods: In this quasi-experimental prospective study, 20 haemophilic patients were evaluated at preinjection, and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after injection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done to measure synovial thickness and to calculate Denver score. Joint radiographs were taken to measure the Pettersson score. The Gilbert questionnaire, Functional Independence Score in Hemophilia (FISH) and visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain were completed, and the number of bleeding episodes and factor consumption were recorded at each follow-up visit. Results: The number of bleeding episodes, the amount of factor consumption per month, VAS pain scores and synovial thickness decreased significantly over time (P <.05). Gilbert and FISH scores showed significant improvement (P <.001). However, Pettersson score and Denver score showed no significant changes after injection. Minor complications including temporary pain and swelling occurred in 20% of patients, and no major complication was observed after rhenium-188 injection. Conclusion: Our results indicated high clinical impact, efficacy, safety and low invasion of rhenium-188 in radiosynovectomy of haemophilic patients. Considering the availability and relatively low cost of rhenium-188 in developing countries, this can be a good treatment option for haemophilic patients with recurrent hemarthrosis, particularly when the synovial hypertrophy is not massive yet