Five-Year Experience In Surgical Treatment Of Temporal Bone Paragangliomas

The article describes our five-year experience in the surgical treatment of temporal bone paragangliomas. Considering our experience, the surgical treatment of patients with different types of paragangliomas based on a detailed study of the CT scan and MRI data using the preoperative selective embolization of tumor-feeding vessels and the navigation system intraoperatively as well as the endoscopy assistance allows total removing of the tumor with minimal damaging of the vital structures of the lateral skull base

Токсичность и эффективность комбинации гемцитабина и nab-паклитаксела (паклитаксел + альбумин) в Российской популяции больных раком поджелудочной железы: результаты многоцентрового ретроспективного исследования

Introduction. The results of randomized MPACT study have demonstrated that the addition of nab-paclitaxel to gemcitabine leads to a statistically significant increase in life expectancy. The main objective of this retrospective study was to obtain up-to-date efficacy and toxicity data for this drug combination in Russian real-world clinical setting.Materials and methods. The study enrolled patients with morphologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer who had ECOG Performance Status scores of 0-2 and received treatment with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Immediate and long-term outcomes, as well as treatment toxicity and dose modifications, were assessed.Results. The study included 142 patients who received treatment from 2009 to 2019 at 17 centers in 11 regions of Russia. Full dose gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel were administered at baseline in 74 % of the cases. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 4 (range, from 1 to 16). Nab-paclitaxel dose was reduced in 32 % of the cases, and that of gemcitabine in 23 % of them. Regression analysis revealed no prognostic factors associated with increased toxicity of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel administration. However, previous use of two or more chemotherapy lines had an impact on decisions made by physicians, making them reduce the baseline dose of gemcitabine and/or nab-paclitaxel (OR=6.1, 95% CI 1.5-24.2, р=0.010). An objective response was assessed in 134 subjects with positive response observed in 34 cases (25.4 %). The median time to progression was found to be 6.1 months, and the median life expectancy was 14.2 months.Conclusions. The combination of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel exhibits comparatively high efficacy. The acceptable toxicity profile allows its use in selected patients even with ECOG 2 and in the presence of serious comorbidities.Введение. Результаты рандомизированного исследования MPACT продемонстрировали, что добавление к гемцитабину nab-паклитаксела приводит к статистически значимому увеличению продолжительности жизни. Задачей данного ретроспективного исследования является получение актуальных данных об эффективности и токсичности данной комбинации в реальной клинической практике в России.Материалы и методы. В исследование включались пациенты с морфологически доказанным местнораспространенным или метастатическим раком поджелудочной железы, имеющие общее состояние по шкале ECOG 0-2, которым проводилась терапия гемцитабином и nab-паклитакселом. Оценивались непосредственные и отдаленные результаты лечения, а также токсичность лечения и модификации доз препаратов.Результаты. В исследование включено 142 пациента, получивших лечение в период с 2009 по 2019 гг. в 17 центрах из 11 регионов России. Гемцитабин и nab-паклитаксел назначались исходно в полных дозах в 74% случаев. Медиана числа проведенных курсов химиотерапии составила 4 (1-16 курсов). В процессе химиотерапии доза nab-паклитаксела редуцировалась в 32 % случаев, гемцитабина — в 23 % случаев. Регрессионный анализ не выявил прогностических факторов, ассоциированных с повышенной токсичностью гемцитабина и nab-паклитаксела. Однако назначение ранее двух или более линий химиотерапии влияло на решение врачей в пользу исходной редукции дозы гемцитабина и/ или nab-паклитаксела (ОШ=6,1, 95 % ДИ 1,5-24,2, р=0,010). Оценка объективного эффекта произведена у 134 пациентов. Объективный ответ зарегистрирован в 34 (25,4%) случаях. Медиана времени без прогрессирования составила 6,1 месяца, медиана продолжительности жизни составила 14,2 месяца.Выводы. Комбинация гемцитабина и nab-паклитаксела обладает сравнительно высокой эффективностью. Приемлемый профиль токсичности позволяет применять ее у отобранных пациентов даже при статусе ECOG 2 и наличии серьезной сопутствующей патологии

Сonfirmatory study of the efficacy and tolerability of trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) therapy in the Russian population with chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer

Introduction. Trifluridine/Tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is a new chemotherapeutic drug approved in more than 60 countries for use in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who have registered progression or intolerance to treatment with fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin and irinotecan, anti-VEGRand anti-EGFR-targeted agents. This study evaluated for the first time the effectiveness and tolerability of FTD/TPI therapy in the Russian patient population.Materials and methods. A confirmatory open-label single-arm non-randomized trial was conducted in 2 clinical centres in Russia. The main criteria for inclusion were: conduction of at least the 2nd line of standard systemic therapy for metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. The primary efficacy criteria were: 2-month progression-free survival; secondary – median progressionfree survival, disease control frequency, safety assessment, overall survival. Research number: NCT03274882.Results. A total of 26 patients were included in the study; the median age was 60.5 years (30 to 78); 19 (73%) women; and 4 patients with ECOG 0 and 22 – with ECOG 1. All patients were previously treated with the inclusion of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, fluoropyrimidines, 21 (81%) – bevacizumab, 6 (23%) – anti-EGFR antibodies, and 2 (7.7%) – regorafenib. The median for treatment courses was 4 (1–21), 11 (42.3%) patients were treated for 6 months or more. The two-month progression-free survival rate was 52% with a median progreesion-free survival rate of 4 months (95% CI 1.8–7.4 months). The median of total survival rate was 11 months (95% CI 5,2–16,8 months). Disease control was achieved in 60%. Neutropenia, nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness prevailed among undesirable events associated with treatment (≥5 patients). The majority of complications were of the 1st–2nd degree. Among the undesirable events of the 3rd–4th degree, neutropenia was more common, while in 3 patients febrile neutropenia of the 3rd degree was registered.Conclusions. In the Russian population of patients with colorectal chemorefractory cancer, the drug FTD/TPI (TAS-102) shows efficacy and tolerability comparable to the RECOURSE registration study

Factors affecting the efficacy of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (paclitaxel + albumin) combination in the Russian patient population: results of a multicenter retrospective study

Introduction. The randomized MPACT study showed that nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine results in statistically significantly longer life expectancy. The objective of this retrospective study is to obtain relevant data on the efficacy of this combination in real clinical practice in Russia. Materials and methods. The study included patients with morphologically proven locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, with a general condition assessed on the ECOG scale between 0-2, which received gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel. Immediate and long-term treatment outcomes were evaluated. Results. 142 patients, who received treatment from 2009 to 2019 in 17 centers from 11 regions of Russia, were included in the study. Assessment of the objective effect was made in 134 patients. Objective effects were detected in 34 (25.4%) cases. The median time-to-progression was 6.1 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.8-7.4),  the median length of life was 14.2 months (95% CI 10.6-17.9). An elevated CA19-9 level is the only independent adverse prognostic factor for progression-free survival (RR = 8.0, 95% CI 1.4 -43.8, p = 0.02) according to Cox multivariate regression analysis. The number of previously conducted chemotherapy lines (p = 0.34), ECOG status (p = 0.70), age over 70 years (p = 0.45), serious comorbidity (p = 0.97) did not have a statistically significant effect on progression-free survival. Findings. The gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel combination has a relatively higher efficacy in advanced pancreatic cancer. The immediate and long-term results of its use in real clinical practice in Russia are consistent with data obtained in the Western countries