Correlations and selection of parents to technological traits of upland cotton.

Technological traits improvement of cotton fiber is a constant demand by textile industry. This research aimed to identify the potential of improved materials with high lint percentage to contribute with alleles that increase the lint percentage in Extra long staple fiber (ELS) upland cotton. Two contrasting materials for lint percentage (LP) and fiber length (FL) were used, one with long fiber and a low lint percentage (parent A) and another with high lint percentage and medium length (parent B). The following variables were evaluated: lint percentage (LP), upper half mean length (UHML), fiber uniformity (FU), fiber strength (FS), and elongation (EL). Diallel analysis was performed using the Griffing?s Method 4 adapted to partial diallel. Additive effects were predominant over non-additive effects. The mean LP was higher when using parent B. The opposite occurred for UHML. A negative correlation was detected between LP and UHML, showing the difficulty of obtaining genetic gain for both traits at the same time.Título em português: Correlações e seleção de genitores para caracteres tecnológicos em algodoeiro herbáceo

Desempenho agronômico do sorgo em função de doses e épocas de aplicação do herbicida 2,4-d.

A cultura do sorgo está inserida no plano atual de manejo dos sistemas agrícolas nos cerrados, todavia são escassos os estudos em campo quanto à seletividade e comportamento da cultura ao herbicida 2,4-D. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar os efeitos do 2,4-D sobre o crescimento das plantas, a produção de fitomassa seca e fitomassa verde e a produtividade de grãos na cultura do sorgo. O experimento foi realizado entre janeiro e maio de 2008, em Nova Xavantina-MT, em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico. O sorgo (cultivar Buster) foi semeado em área cultivada sob sistema de plantio direto, em espaçamento de 0,50 m entre linhas, distribuindo-se 10 sementes por metro. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, envolvendo quatro doses de 2,4-D (0, 335, 670 e 1.005 g ha-1) e quatro épocas de aplicação (pré-semeadura, três folhas expandidas, seis folhas expandidas e pré-florescimento). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. O controle de plantas daninhas na cultura foi realizado manualmente, com utilização de enxada. Verificou-se efeito fitotóxico à cultura do sorgo pelo 2,4-D aos 15 dias após a aplicação (DAA), independentemente da dose ou época de aplicação. O incremento das doses de 2,4-D provocou redução linear da altura de plantas, acúmulo de fitomassa verde e acúmulo de fitomassa seca, tanto aos 30 DAA quanto no ponto de rolagem. A aplicação do 2,4-D prejudica a produtividade do sorgo, especialmente em doses acima de 1.005 g ha-1 e.a. e em aplicações tardias. De maneira geral, a utilização do 2,4-D em pré-semeadura mostrou-se uma boa alternativa no manejo das plantas daninhas na cultura do sorgo. Agronomic Performance of Sorghum as a Response to 2,4-D Application Dosage and Times. Sorghum is part of the current plan of agricultural system management for the cerrado. However, few field studies have been carried out on this culture?s behavior and selectivity towards herbicide 2,4 D. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2,4-D on plant growth, dry matter production and green biomass and grain yield in sorghum. The experiment was conducted between January and May 2008 in Nova Xavantina-MT in dystrophic Oxisol. Sorghum (cv. Buster) was sown in a cultivated area under no-tillage, with 0.50 m spacing between rows, and ten seeds distributed per meter. Treatments were arranged in a 4 x 4, involving four levels of 2,4-D (0, 335, 670, and 1.005 g ha-1) and four application times (pre-sowing, three fully-expanded leaves, six leaves, and pre-flowering).A randomized block design was used, with four replications. Weed control in the culture was performed manually, using a hoe. Toxic effects caused to sorghum by 2,4-D were observed at 15 days after application (DAA), regardless of dose or time of application. The increasing levels of 2,4-D caused a linear reduction in plant height, biomass and green dry matter accumulation, both at 30 DAA as the point of rollover. The application of 2,4-D affected sorghum yield, especially at doses above 1.005 g ha-1 and late applications. In general, the use of 2,4-D in pre-sowing proved to be a good alternative for the management of weeds in sorghum crop

BRS Vereda: nova cultivar de feijão do grupo Rosinha para Mato Grosso do Sul.

bitstream/item/24679/1/COT2005113.pdfDocumento on-line

Selection of aluminum-resistant wheat genotypes using multienvironment and multivariate indices.

Foto: Márcio Só e Silva. Arte: Maria Luísa Rheinheimer

Targeting the scaffolding role of LSD1 (KDM1A) poises acute myeloid leukemia cells for retinoic acid–induced differentiation

The histone demethylase LSD1 is deregulated in several tumors, including leukemias, providing the rationale for the clinical use of LSD1 inhibitors. In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), pharmacological doses of retinoic acid (RA) induce differentiation of APL cells, triggering degradation of the PML-RAR oncogene. APL cells are resistant to LSD1 inhibition or knockout, but targeting LSD1 sensitizes them to physiological doses of RA without altering of PML-RAR levels, and extends survival of leukemic mice upon RA treatment. The combination of RA with LSD1 inhibition (or knockout) is also effective in other non-APL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Nonenzymatic activities of LSD1 are essential to block differentiation, while RA with targeting of LSD1 releases a differentiation gene expression program, not strictly dependent on changes in histone H3K4 methylation. Integration of proteomic/epigenomic/mutational studies showed that LSD1 inhibitors alter the recruitment of LSD1-containing complexes to chromatin, inhibiting the interaction between LSD1 and the transcription factor GFI1

Yield of soybean genotypes identified through GGE biplot and path analysis.

Genotype x environment (GxE) interaction is an important source of variation in soybean yield, which can significantly influence selection in breeding programs. This study aimed to select superior soybean genotypes for performance and yield stability, from data from multienvironment trials (METs), through GGE biplot analysis that combines the main effects of the genotype (G) plus the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction. As well as, through path analysis, determine the direct and indirect influences of yield components on soybean grain yield, as a genotype selection strategy

Derivation of design rainfall and disaggregation process of areas with limited data and extreme climatic variability

In a sustainable urbanisation process, the infrastructure has to be designed taking into consideration the hydrological behaviour of the respective catchment. It is mandatory to predict the climatic events accurately to understand the hydrological impacts of urban developments. It is very challenging for hydrologists to model extreme events when there are limited data available. The current study proposed a methodology to calculate the design rainfalls in the coastal region of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The gamma-function distribution used the annual maximum daily rainfalls in a probabilistic approach. The achieved 24-h-design rainfalls were compared to the results from other intensity–duration–frequency equations in different time-series. The rainfall disaggregation used regional and national conversion ratios. The fluctuation of the annual maxima revealed that the study area was affected by the Noah and Joseph erratic processes. Subsequently, the detected extreme event time-series were also used for the derivation of the 24-h-design rainfalls. The outcomes of the study showed that the gamma-function distribution provides reliable results, enhanced by the use of representative disaggregation ratios and proper time-series1214716