10 research outputs found
Application of super absorbent polymer and ascorbic acid to mitigate deleterious effects of cadmium in wheat
Characterization of a Cobalt-Specific P<sub>1B</sub>-ATPase
The P<sub>1B</sub>-type ATPases are a ubiquitous family
of P-type
ATPases involved in the transport of transition metal ions. Divided
into subclasses based on sequence characteristics and substrate specificity,
these integral membrane transporters play key roles in metal homeostasis,
metal tolerance, and the biosynthesis of metalloproteins. The P<sub>1B‑4</sub>-ATPases have the simplest architecture of the five
P<sub>1B</sub>-ATPase families and have been suggested to play a role
in Co<sup>2+</sup> transport. A P<sub>1B‑4</sub>-ATPase from <i>Sulfitobacter</i> sp. NAS-14.1, designated sCoaT, has been cloned,
expressed, and purified. Activity assays indicate that sCoaT is specific
for Co<sup>2+</sup>. A single Co<sup>2+</sup> binding site is present,
and optical, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X-ray absorption
spectroscopic data are consistent with tetrahedral coordination by
oxygen and nitrogen ligands, including a histidine and likely a water.
Surprisingly, there is no evidence for coordination by sulfur. Mutation
of a conserved cysteine residue, Cys 327, in the signature transmembrane
Ser-Pro-Cys metal binding motif does not abolish the ATP hydrolysis
activity or affect the spectroscopic analysis, establishing that this
residue is not involved in the initial Co<sup>2+</sup> binding by
sCoaT. In contrast, replacements of conserved transmembrane residues
Ser 325, His 657, Glu 658, and Thr 661 with alanine abolish ATP hydrolysis
activity and Co<sup>2+</sup> binding, indicating that these residues
are necessary for Co<sup>2+</sup> transport. These data represent
the first in vitro characterization of a P<sub>1B‑4</sub>-ATPase
and its Co<sup>2+</sup> binding site