52 research outputs found
The NF-κB and IκB proteins: New discoveries and insights
The transcription factor NF-κB has attracted widespread attention among researchers in many fields based on the following: its unusual and rapid regulation, the wide range of genes that it controls, its central role in immunological processes, the complexity of its subunits, and its apparent involvement in several diseases. A primary level of control for NF-κB is through interactions with an inhibitor protein called IκB. Recent evidence confirms the existence of multiple forms of IκB that appear to regulate NF-κB by distinct mechanisms. NF-κB can be activated by exposure of cells to LPS or inflammatory cytokines such as TNF or IL-1, viral infection or expression of certain viral gene products, UV irradiation, B or T cell activation, and by other physiological and nonphysiological stimuli. Activation of NF-κB to move into the nucleus is controlled by the targeted phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of IκB. Exciting new research has elaborated several important and unexpected findings that explain mechanisms involved in the activation of NF-κB. In the nucleus, NF-κB dimers bind to target DNA elements and activate transcription of genes encoding proteins involved with immune or inflammation responses and with cell growth control. Recent data provide evidence that NF-κB is constitutively active in several cell types, potentially playing unexpected roles in regulation of gene expression. In addition to advances in describing the mechanisms of NF-κB activation, excitement in NF-κB research has been generated by the first report of a crystal structure for one form of NF-κB, the first gene knockout studies for different forms of NF-κB and of IκB, and the implications for therapies of diseases thought to involve the inappropriate activation of NF-κB
Pre-contractual obligations for creditors under the Belgium Consumer Credit Act (Precontractuele Bijstand Ex. Artikel 11, §4 W.C.K. - Katalysator Voor Een Herijkt Beslissings- En Toezichtsmodel Inzake Consumentenkrediet?)
Governance of Collective Investment Schemes (CIS): Structural Support for Loyalty to Investors
De toepassing van Nederlandse caoos op buitenlandse chauffeurs in het goederenvervoer over de weg - Op de viersprong van transportrecht, arbeidsrecht, vrij verkeer en IPR (The Application of the Dutch Collective Agreements to the Employment Contracts of Foreign Truck Drivers Active in the Transport of Goods by Road in the Netherlands On the Intersection between Transport Regulation, Labour Law, Free Movement and Private International Law)
Verdeel en beheers: een slimme manier van indexbeleggen in aandelen (Divide and Manage: A Smart Approach to Non-Market Cap Equity Index Strategies)
Effects of Trap Type, Placement and Ash Distribution on Emerald Ash Borer Captures in a Low Density Site
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