ENRAIZAMENTO DE ESTACAS LENHOSAS DE CULTIVARES DE MARMELEIRO (Cydonia oblonga) TRATADAS COM FLOROGLUCINOL ROOTING HARDWOODY CUTTINGS OF QUINCE (Cydonia oblonga) CULTIVARS TREATED WITH FLOROGLUCINOL

O marmeleiro pertence à família Rosaceae. Atualmente, tem sido utilizado como porta-enxerto de pereira devido sua característica ananizante. O floroglucinol é um composto fenólico, potencializador da auxina. O presente trabalho foi conduzido em telado com nebulização intermitente e teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade de enraizamento de estacas lenhosas de marmeleiro, tratadas com floroglucinol (zero, 1500 e 3000 mg.L-1), para indução de raízes. As cultivares testadas foram Pineapple, Meliform, Alongado, Radaelli, Portugal, Inta e MC. As estacas foram preparadas com 12 cm e ½ folha na parte superior, acondicionadas em caixas plásticas contendo vermiculita média. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial (3 x 7), com 3 repetições e 5 estacas por parcela. As variáveis analisadas foram percentagem de enraizamento, número de raízes e percentagem de estacas brotadas. Observou-se que, independentemente da concentração testada, o floroglucinol não promoveu a indução do enraizamento de estacas lenhosas. A cultivar MC apresentou melhor percentagem de enraizamento, número de raízes e percentagem de estacas brotadas.<br>The quince belongs from the family Rosaceae. Now, it has been used as rootstock tree door-graft because it induce dwarf plants. The floroglucinol is a phenolic compost, which effects is by increased the auxine and that tends to induce and to increase hardwoody cuttings. The present work was carried out in a greenhouse with intermittent mist writh the objective to determine the best quince cultivars in relation to its capacity of rooting hardwoody cuttings, and the best floroglucinol concentration for the root induction. The cultivars Pineapple, Meliform, Prolonged, Radaelli, Portugal, Inta and MC were used. They were submitted to three treatments of different floroglucinol concentrations (zero, 1500 and 3000 mg.L-1). The cuttings with 12 cm and ½ leaf in the superior part were conditioned in plastic boxes contends medium vermiculita. The experimental design used random blocks in the factorial arrangement (3 x 7), with 3 repetition and 5 cuttings for replication (15 cuttings for treatments). The analyzed variables were determination of the percentage of rooting, number of roots and percentage of cuttings shottings. It was observed that, independently of the tested concentration, the floroglucinol, did not induce the rooting of hardwoody cuttings of the cultivars tested. Cultivar MC presented better percentage of rooting, number of roots and percentage of shottings

Efeito de substratos porosos no enraizamento in vitro do porta-enxerto de macieira M-9 (Malus pumilla) Effect of porous substrates in vitro rooting of M-9 apple rootstock (Malus pumilla)

O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de substratos no enraizamento in vitro do porta-enxerto de macieira M-9. Foram testados três substratos: ágar, vermiculita (nº 2, granulometria média) e cinza vegetal, como suporte físico no enraizamento das miniestacas. Para os tratamento com vermiculita e cinza vegetal, meio nutritivo MS, reduzido à metade da concentração, foi adicionado em frascos de vidro de 250 mL contendo 15 g dos respectivos substratos. Brotações de 2,5 a 3,0 cm de comprimento, com dois pares de folhas, foram transferidas para os frascos, os quais foram mantidos durante 35 dias em sala de crescimento com temperatura de 25 ±1,5ºC, fotoperíodo de 16 horas e intensidade luminosa de 75 µmol.m-2.s-1. As maiores percentagens de enraizamento (88,4 e 87,9%) foram observadas nos tratamentos com vermiculita e cinza vegetal, respectivamente. Após a avaliação do enraizamento, as plantas foram transferidas para bandejas de isopor alveoladas com 128 células e mantidas por 40 dias em casa de vegetação. A maior taxa de sobrevivência de plantas aclimatizadas (93,5%) foi obtida com as miniestacas produzidas em meio contendo vermiculita.<br>the present work was carried out with the objective to evaluate the effect of substrates in the rooting in vitro of the M-9 apple rootstock. Three substrates were tested: ágar, vermiculite (number 2, medium granulometry) and vegetal ash as physical support in the rooting of the shoots. For the treatment with vermiculite and vegetal ash, MS medium nutritive, with half of the concentration, was added in glass bottles of 250 mL with 15g of respective substrates. The shoots of 2,5 to 3,0 cm of length and two pair of leaves had been transferred to the bottles. After the inoculation the bottles were kept during 35 days in a growing chamber, at 25 ±1ºC, for a 16 hour photoperiod with light intensity of 75 µmol.m-2.s-1. The higher percentages of rooting (88,4 and 87,9%) were observed for the treatments with vermiculite and vegetal ash, respectively. The number of roots per shoot was not affected by the applied treatments. After the evaluation of the rooting, the plants were transferred to a greenhouse for 40 days, in isopor alveolated containers with 128 cells. For the survival of the acclimatized plants the best treatment was vermiculite (93,5%)