Mass spectrum of the axial-vector hidden charmed and hidden bottom tetraquark states

In this article, we perform a systematic study of the mass spectrum of the axial-vector hidden charmed and hidden bottom tetraquark states using the QCD sum rules, and identify the $Z^+(4430)$ as an axial-vector tetraquark state tentatively.Comment: 24 pages, 38 figures, slight revisio

Analysis of the Y(4140) and related molecular states with QCD sum rules

In this article, we assume that there exist scalar ${D}^\ast {\bar {D}}^\ast$, ${D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$, ${B}^\ast {\bar {B}}^\ast$ and ${B}_s^\ast {\bar {B}}_s^\ast$ molecular states, and study their masses using the QCD sum rules. The numerical results indicate that the masses are about $(250-500) \rm{MeV}$ above the corresponding ${D}^\ast -{\bar {D}}^\ast$, ${D}_s^\ast -{\bar {D}}_s^\ast$, ${B}^\ast -{\bar {B}}^\ast$ and ${B}_s^\ast -{\bar {B}}_s^\ast$ thresholds, the Y(4140) is unlikely a scalar ${D}_s^\ast {\bar {D}}_s^\ast$ molecular state. The scalar $D^\ast {\bar D}^\ast$, $D_s^\ast {\bar D}_s^\ast$, $B^\ast {\bar B}^\ast$ and $B_s^\ast {\bar B}_s^\ast$ molecular states maybe not exist, while the scalar ${D'}^\ast {\bar {D'}}^\ast$, ${D'}_s^\ast {\bar {D'}}_s^\ast$, ${B'}^\ast {\bar {B'}}^\ast$ and ${B'}_s^\ast {\bar {B'}}_s^\ast$ molecular states maybe exist.Comment: 19 pages, 36 figures, slight revisio

Possible tetraquark states in the π+χc1\pi^+ \chi_{c1} invariant mass distribution

In this article, we assume that there exist hidden charmed tetraquark states with the spin-parity $J^P=1^-$, and calculate their masses with the QCD sum rules. The numerical result indicates that the masses of the vector hidden charmed tetraquark states are about $M_{Z}=(5.12\pm0.15) \rm{GeV}$ or $M_{Z}=(5.16\pm0.16) \rm{GeV}$, which are inconsistent with the experimental data on the $\pi^+ \chi_{c1}$ invariant mass distribution. The hidden charmed mesons $Z_1$, $Z_2$ or $Z$ may be scalar hidden charmed tetraquark states, hadro-charmonium resonances or molecular states.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

Simulation of reference crop evapotransiration in a plastic solar green house using a simplified energy balance approach

Proceedings of International conference on Agricultural and Biological Sciences (ABS 2015) held in Beijing, China on July 25-27, 2015With larger planting areas being used in greenhouses, evaluating crop evapotranspiration in a greenhouse has garnered greater attention. Currently, calculating the reference crop evapotranspiration for a greenhouse crop through using the Penman-Monteith formula recommended by FAO is difficult because the wind speed in a greenhouse is approximate zero. In order to calculate reference crop evapotranspiration in a greenhouse by the Penman-Monteith modified formula, a simplified model for calculating reference crop evapotranspiration in a greenhouse was proposed based on the energy balance equation, which was the correlative function between reference crop evapotranspiration and radiation and temperature. The model's parameters were obtained through meteorological data taken from the inside of a greenhouse in 2011. Then, the model was validated by using meteorological data within the greenhouse in 2012, and the fitted value of the model agreed with the calculated value of the formulas with a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9554. This model is an easy means of calculating the reference crop evapotranspiration in a greenhouse because less meteorological factors are needed. Furthermore, the model provides a theoretical basis for crop irrigation in greenhouses

Analysis of the vertices DDVDDV and D∗DVD^*DV with light-cone QCD sum rules

In this article, we study the vertices $DDV$ and $D^*DV$ with the light-cone QCD sum rules. The strong coupling constants $g_{DDV}$ and $f_{D^*DV}$ play an important role in understanding the final-state re-scattering effects in the hadronic B decays. They are related to the basic parameters $\beta$ and $\lambda$ respectively in the heavy quark effective Lagrangian, our numerical values are smaller than the existing estimations.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, revised versio

The open-charm radiative and pionic decays of molecular charmonium Y(4274)

In this work, we investigate the decay widths and the line shapes of the open-charm radiative and pionic decays of Y(4274) with the $D_s\bar{D}_{s0}(2317)$ molecular charmonium assignment. Our calculation indicates that the decay widths of $Y(4274)\to D^{+}_{s}D^{*-}_{s}\gamma$ and $Y(4274)\to D^+_{s}D^-_{s}\pi^0$ can reach up to 0.05 keV and 0.75 keV, respectively. In addition, the result of the line shape of the photon spectrum of $Y(4274)\to D_s^+ {D}_s^{*-} \gamma$ shows that there exists a very sharp peak near the large end point of photon energy. The line shape of the pion spectrum of $Y(4274)\to D_s^+ {D}_s^{*-} \pi^0$ is similar to that of the pion spectrum of $Y(4274)\to D_s^+ {D}_s^{*-} \gamma$, where we also find a very sharp peak near the large end point of pion energy. According to our calculation, we suggest further experiments to carry out the search for the open-charm radiative and pionic decays of Y(4274).Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Published versio

Pilot Testing of Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control (ACMC) in Evaluating Myoelectric Hand Function in Chinese Population

Upper limb amputations cause marked functional disability and lower the individual’s self-body image, with severepsychological implications. Many rehabilitation parameters are involved in the successful rehabilitation of upper limbamputations. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of Assessment ofCapacity for Myoelectric Control (Chinese-ACMC) in upper limb amputated subjects and with a myo-electric-poweredprosthetic hand.To validate the Chinese version of Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control (Chinese-ACMC) in upper limbamputee subjects (children and adults) with a myo-electric-powered prosthetic hand. A sample of convenience samplingof 22 subjects (11 males, 11 females) with upper limb amputation and myoelectric prosthetic hands were recordedduring a regular clinical visit for ACMC. Each subject was evaluated according to four criteria: (a) Upper Limb Amputationincluding all levels of amputation; (b) No specific pain type – no matter phantom or pain in the stump; (c) With intactcognitive function; (d) Age ranged from 12 to 40 years. With instruction, occupational therapists and prosthetic-orthoticswith at least twenty years’ clinical experience of myoelectric prosthesis training would conduct the 30-items ChineseACMC for each subject. A serial of errand tasks of activities of daily living were designed for evaluation. Individuals’ratings were repeated after 4 weeks. Through test-retest reliability, internal consistency testing, factor analysis, intra andinter factor correlation analysis. A four-factor structure, namely, “Gripping”, “Holding”, “Releasing” and “Coordinating”are identified

Sessile Droplet Evaporation on Wall with Radial Temperature Gradient

Droplet evaporation coupled with gravity and surface tension on a wall with the radial temperature gradients is numerically studied with the arbitrary Lagrangian‒Eulerian method. The influence of the wall temperature distribution on the droplet evaporation process, which is less considered in the existing literature, is mainly discussed. The droplet temperature coefficient of the surface tension and the viscosity on the droplet profile evolution, flow, heat and mass transfer characteristic are also discussed. The results indicate that the droplets become flat first and then retract under the gravity and Marangoni convection during droplet evaporation. There are two high-velocity regions inside the evaporating droplet. One region is at the droplet axis, in which fluid flows to the wall from the droplet top. The other region is near the droplet surface, where fluid flows to the droplet top. There are turning points on the two sides of which the influence of wall temperature distribution on the ratio between the droplet height and the radius of the three-phase contact line (h/Rc), the velocity in the droplet and the surface temperature converts. All of them are larger before the turning point when the wall temperature slope is positive. After the turning point, these are reversed. For both h/Rc and average surface temperature, there is one turning point, which are t*=1.63×10-4 and t*=1.05×10-4, respectively. For maximum velocity and average velocity in droplet, there are two turning points, which are both t*=1.63×10-4 and t*=1.7×10-5. The droplet morphology changes more obviously when it is with a greater temperature coefficient of surface tension. Moreover, the turning point is delayed from t*=6.41×10-5 while α is 8 K/m to t*=7.91×10-5 while α is -8 K/m, which indicates that the negative wall temperature slope is beneficial to inhibit the Marangoni effect on droplet evaporation