5,212 research outputs found
Cavity optomechanical coupling assisted by an atomic gas
We theoretically study a cavity filled with atoms, which provides the
optical-mechanical interaction between the modified cavity photonic field and a
movable mirror at one end. We show that the cavity field ``dresses'' these
atoms, producing two types of polaritons, effectively enhancing the radiation
pressure of the cavity field upon the end mirror, as well as establishing an
additional squeezing mode of the end mirror. This squeezing produces an
adiabatic entanglement, which is absent in usual vacuum cavities, between the
oscillating mirror and the rest of the system. We analyze the entanglement and
quantify it using the Loschmidt echo and fidelity.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Efficacy of culturally adapted interventions for common mental disorders in people of Chinese descent: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that culturally adapted psychological interventions have some benefits in treating diverse ethnic groups. However, the effect of such cultural adaptions specifically in Chinese ethnic groups has not been thoroughly reviewed. We aimed to systematically assess the evidence for the efficacy of different cultural adaptations in treating common mental disorders in people of Chinese descent (ie, ethnic Chinese populations). METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CNKI, and WANFANG to identify randomised controlled trials published in English and Chinese from database inception to March 10, 2023. We included trials of culturally adapted psychological interventions in people of Chinese descent (with at least 80% of Han Chinese descent) aged 15 years or older with a diagnosis or subthreshold symptoms of common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. We excluded studies that included participants with severe mental disorders (eg, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), neurodevelopmental disorders, or dementia. Study selection and data extraction were done by two independent reviewers, who extracted data for study characteristics, cultural adaptations, and summary efficacy. The primary outcome was post-intervention change in symptoms (both self-reported and clinician-rated). We used random-effects models to calculate standardised mean differences. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021239607). FINDINGS: We identified 32 791 records, 67 of which were included in our meta-analysis (60 done in mainland China, four in Hong Kong, and one each in Taiwan, Australia, and the USA). We included 6199 participants (mean age 39·32 years [range 16–84]), of whom 2605 (42%) were male and 3247 (52%) were female. Culturally adapted interventions had medium effect sizes in terms of reducing both self-reported (Hedges’ g 0·77 [95% CI 0·61–0·94]; I2 84%) and clinician-rated (0·75 [0·54–0·96]; 86%) symptom severity across all disorders at end of treatment, irrespective of adaptation types. We noted no difference in efficacy between culturally modified interventions and culturally specific interventions. Subgroup analyses showed considerable heterogeneity. Inadequate reporting in included studies largely restricted risk-of-bias appraisals across all domains. INTERPRETATION: Psychological interventions can be transported across cultures with appropriate modifications. Adaptations to interventions can be made by modifying evidence-based interventions, or in culturally specific ways that are rooted in the sociocultural context. However, findings are limited by the insufficient reporting of interventions and cultural adaptations. FUNDING: NONE
Levinson's theorem for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation in two dimensions
Levinson's theorem for the Schr\"{o}dinger equation with a cylindrically
symmetric potential in two dimensions is re-established by the Sturm-Liouville
theorem. The critical case, where the Schr\"{o}dinger equation has a finite
zero-energy solution, is analyzed in detail. It is shown that, in comparison
with Levinson's theorem in non-critical case, the half bound state for
wave, in which the wave function for the zero-energy solution does not decay
fast enough at infinity to be square integrable, will cause the phase shift of
wave at zero energy to increase an additional .Comment: Latex 11 pages, no figure and accepted by P.R.A (in August); Email:
[email protected], [email protected]
Effect of the Output of the System in Signal Detection
We analyze the consequences that the choice of the output of the system has
in the efficiency of signal detection. It is shown that the signal and the
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), used to characterize the phenomenon of stochastic
resonance, strongly depend on the form of the output. In particular, the SNR
may be enhanced for an adequate output.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, 6 PostScript figure
The Relativistic Levinson Theorem in Two Dimensions
In the light of the generalized Sturm-Liouville theorem, the Levinson theorem
for the Dirac equation in two dimensions is established as a relation between
the total number of the bound states and the sum of the phase shifts
of the scattering states with the angular momentum :
\noindent The critical case, where the Dirac equation has a finite
zero-momentum solution, is analyzed in detail. A zero-momentum solution is
called a half bound state if its wave function is finite but does not decay
fast enough at infinity to be square integrable.Comment: Latex 14 pages, no figure, submitted to Phys.Rev.A; Email:
[email protected], [email protected]
Levinson's Theorem for the Klein-Gordon Equation in Two Dimensions
The two-dimensional Levinson theorem for the Klein-Gordon equation with a
cylindrically symmetric potential is established. It is shown that
, where denotes
the difference between the number of bound states of the particle
and the ones of antiparticle with a fixed angular momentum , and
the is named phase shifts. The constants and
are introduced to symbol the critical cases where the half bound
states occur at .Comment: Revtex file 14 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Thermal and magnetic properties of spin-1 magnetic chain compounds with large single-ion and in-plane anisotropies
The thermal and magnetic properties of spin-1 magnetic chain compounds with
large single-ion and in-plane anisotropies are investigated via the integrable
su(3) model in terms of the quantum transfer matrix method and the recently
developed high temperature expansion method for exactly solved models. It is
shown that large single-ion anisotropy may result in a singlet gapped phase in
the spin-1 chain which is significantly different from the standard Haldane
phase. A large in-plane anisotropy may destroy the gapped phase. On the other
hand, in the vicinity of the critical point a weak in-plane anisotropy leads to
a different phase transition than the Pokrovsky-Talapov transition. The
magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and magnetization evaluated from the
free energy are in excellent agreement with the experimental data for the
compounds NiC_2H_8N_2)_2Ni(CN)_4 and Ni(C_{10}H_8N_2)_2Ni(CN)_4.H_2O.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, to appear in PR
Controllable scattering of photons inside a one-dimensional resonator waveguide
We analyze coherent transport of photons, which propagate in a
one-dimensional coupled-resonator waveguide (CRW) and are scattered by a
controllable two-level system located inside the CRW. Our approach, which uses
discrete coordinates, unifies "low" and "high" energy effective theories for
single photon scattering. We show that the controllable two-level system can
behave as a quantum switch for the coherent transport of photons. This study
may inspire new electro-optical single-photon quantum devices. We also suggest
an experimental setup based on superconducting transmission line resonators and
qubitsComment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Experimental entanglement verification and quantification via uncertainty relations
We report on experimental studies on entanglement quantification and
verification based on uncertainty relations for systems consisting of two
qubits. The new proposed measure is shown to be invariant under local unitary
transformations, by which entanglement quantification is implemented for
two-qubit pure states. The nonlocal uncertainty relations for two-qubit pure
states are also used for entanglement verification which serves as a basic
proposition and promise to be a good choice for verification of multipartite
entanglement.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures and 2 table
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