Separation of some hydroxycarboxylic acids by capillary isotachophoresis in the presence of neutral cyclodextrins

The aim of this work was to study the various electrolyte systems in which hydroxycarboxylic acids can be separated by capillary isotachophoresis. Using ß-cyclodextrin as additive to the leading electrolyte, the complete separation of hydroxycarboxylic acids was achieved. The results confirmed the significant influence of the cyclodextrin concentration and pH on the resolution of hydroxycarboxylic acids

New chemical structures of hypolipidemic and antiplatelet activity*

Abstract: Elevated lipid level is supposed to be one of the main risk factors of atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (and is connected to mortality). Therefore, lipid lowering is one of the major targets in cardiovascular disease treatment and prevention. Also, blood platelets play a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis and fatal thrombus formation in the course of coronary heart disease. Therefore, there is a great necessity to acquire drugs inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot generation. The present paper reviews new chemical structures in development for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and subsequent cardiovascular disease. The authors' recent results are also reported regarding synthesis of a new group of α-asarone analogs. These compounds were identified as an original class of agents exhibiting hypolipidemic and antiplatelet (mice, rats) activities. Although the mechanism of the compounds' pharmacological activity has not been identified, quantum-mechanical calculations allowed structural requirements to be described that correspond to the activity (a hypothetical pseudoreceptor structure). Since it is known that asarone and its derivatives may exhibit genotoxicity, calculations were carried out to identify derivatives of possibly low genotoxic activity

Determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere over central Siberian forest and southern part of European Taiga in Russia

Our knowledge about emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Siberian forest and southern European taiga is still insufficient. Thus, in the frames of Terrestrial Carbon Observation System project we have performed a series of measurements during summer 2004. The aim of our research was to understand biogenic fluxes, vertical exchange, and atmospheric transport of VOCs. In this paper we have described the measurement of the atmospheric mixing ratio of different VOCs above the forest canopy and at different altitudes in Fyodorovskoje (southern part of European taiga, 400 km from Moscow) and near Zotino (central Siberia, 700 km to the north of Krasnoyarsk). In both probing sites, isoprene and alpha-pinene were the main components measured above the forest canopy. In Fyodorovskoje and Zotino, the most abundant monoterpenes found at higher altitudes (> 300 m above sea level) were alpha-pinene and p-cymene, respectively. Concentration of isoprene in both probing sites was about 1 ppb. In determinations of VOCs, GC-MS and GC-FID with thermal desorption were utilised. These belong to the most widespread method for analysis of VOCs. The data obtained in these studies will be used for modeling atmospheric distribution of VOC species over central Siberian forest and the southern part of European taiga. [References: 22