Plasma Pro-Endothelin-1 Peptide Concentrations Rise in Chronic Kidney Disease and Following Selective Endothelin A Receptor Antagonism

The new analyses described in this article were funded by the Medical Research Council (Grant G0801509). Additional funding was from the British Heart Foundation (Project Grant PG/05/91), Encysive Pharmaceuticals, and Pfizer. Dr Dhaun is supported by a British Heart Foundation Intermediate Clinical Research Fellowship (FS/13/30/29994)

Characterisation of preproendothelin-1 derived peptides identifies Endothelin-Like Domain Peptide as a modulator of Endothelin-1

These studies were supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) (Grant G0801509), Community Fund of the National Lottery Charities Board, William Harvey Research Foundation and British Cardiac Research Trust. The LC-MS/MS facility was supported by Barts and the London Charity (297/2249)

Global serum glycoform profiling for the investigation of dystroglycanopathies & Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation

The Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) are an expanding group of genetic disorders which encompass a spectrum of glycosylation defects of protein and lipids, including N- & O-linked defects and among the latter are the muscular dystroglycanopathies (MD). Initial screening of CDG is usually based on the investigation of the glycoproteins transferrin, and/or apolipoprotein CIII. These biomarkers do not always detect complex or subtle defects present in older patients, therefore there is a need to investigate additional glycoproteins in some cases. We describe a sensitive 2D-Differential Gel Electrophoresis (DIGE) method that provides a global analysis of the serum glycoproteome. Patient samples from PMM2-CDG (n = 5), CDG-II (n = 7), MD and known complex N- & O-linked glycosylation defects (n = 3) were analysed by 2D DIGE. Using this technique we demonstrated characteristic changes in mass and charge in PMM2-CDG and in charge in CDG-II for α1-antitrypsin, α1-antichymotrypsin, α2-HS-glycoprotein, ceruloplasmin, and α1-acid glycoproteins 1&2. Analysis of the samples with known N- & O-linked defects identified a lower molecular weight glycoform of C1-esterase inhibitor that was not observed in the N-linked glycosylation disorders indicating the change is likely due to affected O-glycosylation. In addition, we could identify abnormal serum glycoproteins in LARGE and B3GALNT2-deficient muscular dystrophies. The results demonstrate that the glycoform pattern is varied for some CDG patients not all glycoproteins are consistently affected and analysis of more than one protein in complex cases is warranted. 2D DIGE is an ideal method to investigate the global glycoproteome and is a potentially powerful tool and secondary test for aiding the complex diagnosis and sub classification of CDG. The technique has further potential in monitoring patients for future treatment strategies. In an era of shifting emphasis from gel- to mass-spectral based proteomics techniques, we demonstrate that 2D-DIGE remains a powerful method for studying global changes in post-translational modifications of proteins

EFFECT of DIFFERENT DOSES of METFORMIN TABLETS on METABOLIC SYNDROME COMPONENETS in WOMEN with TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS in GORGAN (SOUTH EAST of CASPIAN SEA) تأث ز� ا�جزعات ا�٠خت��ة ٠� أ�زاص ا�٠ت���ر٠�� ع�� ٠���ات ٠ت�اس٠ة ا�ت٠ث �� ا�غذائ �د� ا��ساء ا�٠صابات بداء ا�س�ز ٠� ا���ع 2 � جزجا� (ج��ب شز� (بحز �ش� ��

Studies on oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs have been shown in some studies to help and treat type 2 diabetic patients. The present study was designed to evaluate and compare the effect of different doses of metformin tablets on metabolic syndrome components in type 2 diabetic women in Gorgan, South East of Caspian Sea.Forty type 2 diabetic patients received 500 mg/day and 1000 mg/day metformin tablets for 12 months and forty healthy women were included in this study. The ATP III criteria were used to determine metabolic syndrome components, and lipid profiles, HbA1c and insulin were measured. Significant differences were found between blood sugar, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and insulin of the patients received 500 mg/day and 1000 mg/day metformin monotherapy. The blood sugar, triglycerides and insulin were significantly lower in patients received 500 and 1000 mg/day metformin than control groups. In both groups, HDL-cholesterol was higher than control groups, but HbA1c was significantly higher and lower in patients received 500 and 1000 mg/day metformin than control groups, respectively. In both study groups, positive significant correlation was found between blood glucose and HbA1c and, blood glucose and triglyceride levels. Our study showed the efficacy of the 1000 mg/day metformin monotherapy on better control of blood sugar, HbA1c, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels, but Metformin had no effect on waist circumference and blood pressure. Treatment with this dose of metformin may be more beneficial for type 2 diabetic patients than those other doses. © 2021 Assiut University. All rights reserved

The association between leptin and adiponectin, and metabolic syndrome components and serum levels of lipid peroxidation in bipolar disorder patients treated with lithium and valproic acid

Public Health; Clinical Genetics; Internal Medicine; Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Research; Leptin, Adiponectin, Metabolic syndrome components, Lipid peroxidation, Bipolar Disorder Patients, Lithium and Valproic Acid © 2020 Background: The aim of study is to assess a relation between the adiponectin and leptin levels, and metabolic syndrome components and lipid peroxidation treated with Li and VPA in bipolar disorder patients and compared with controls. Materials and methods: 56 patients and 31 healthy controls were enrolled. The ATP III criteria were used to determine metabolic syndrome components. Leptin, adiponectin, lipid peroxidation and lipid profiles were measured. Results: Malondialdehyde in Li patients was higher than VPA patients. BMI, waist circumference (WC), triglyceride, malondialdehyde and adiponectin levels were increased, whereas HDL-cholesterol (VPA treated patients) and leptin were decreased in patients compared with controls. Leptin and adiponectin were correlated with WC, triglyceride and malondialdehyde in both groups. Adiponectin was correlated with HDL-cholesterol in VPA patients. Conclusion: Patients should be checked metabolic syndrome components, serum leptin and adiponectin level occasionally to prevent possible deficiency or pathologic increase of these parameters. © 202

Cytotoxic effect of define concentration of yarrow (achillea millefolium) extract used in iranian traditional medicine on ags human gastric cancer cell-line

Gastric cancer is one of the main cancer-related death causes in the world threatening almost 12 million human lives by 2020. Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow) with domestic Iranian name of Bumadaran, has been as a curative plant for several medical conditions for a long time. Its antimicrobial and wound healing effects have been reported and in this study, we aimed to survey the in-vitro cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects of this plant. After taxonomically identification of Achillea millefolium L., its hydroalcoholic extract was extracted and the AGS gastric cancer and L-929 normal fibroblastic cell-lines with treated by the different concentrations of extract in 3 time periods (24, 48, and 72 hrs). MTT assay was performed for the evaluation of cytotoxic effects. The 24 hrs treatment did not affect cell survival, notably, while the concentrations of 64 and 16 µg/ml were determined as IC50 concentrations at 48 and 72 hrs incubation times respectively. The 72 hrs incubation time with 16 µg/ml showed the best effectiveness on cancerous cell-line while being safe for normal cell-line. The long-term treatment of AGS cancer cell-line by low concentrations of yarrow extract could be useful for the cytotoxicity upon this type of cancerous cells. © 2021 Assiut University. All rights reserved

Gender and Body Mass Index-Related Serum Level of Adipokines and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Bipolar Patients Who Received Lithium and Valproic Acid

Background: This is the study to assess alterations on adiponectin, leptin, and metabolic syndrome components in women and men bipolar disorder (BD) patients with normal weight and obesity who received valproic acid (VPA) and lithium (Li). Methods: Thirty-six women and 51 men were included. Commercial kits were used to determine all parameters. Metabolic syndrome components were determined according to the NCEP ATP III criteria. Results: Patients who received Li and VPA significantly differ in waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride (TG) levels (in women and men). Normal weight patients received both drugs, significant differences were considered in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), WC, and TG levels compared to healthy controls, but there were significant differences in TG, leptin, and adiponectin levels in obese patients who received VPA. There were significant negative and positive correlation between leptin and adiponectin and WC and TG in women and men BD patients treated with VPA and Li. There were significant positive correlation between leptin and adiponectin and WC and TG and significant negative correlation with HDL-C in normal weight BD patients treated with VPA and Li, respectively, while there was only a significant positive correlation between leptin and adiponectin, and TG in obese BD patients treated with VPA. Conclusions: It looks like that patients treated with both drugs for our suggested time may increase leptin and adiponectin levels. Correlation differences between leptin and adiponectin, and metabolic syndrome components may be important parameters in women, men, normal weight, and obese BD patients. Monitoring of body composition and adipokines may benefit in medical care of these patients